Competency Goal Expansion and Reform (1801-1850) - The learner will assess the competing forces of expansionism,
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nationalism, and sectionalism.
Objectives
2.01 Analyze the effects of territorial expansion and the admission of new states to the Union.
2.02 Describe how the growth of nationalism and sectionalism were reflected in art, literature, and language.
2.03 Distinguish between the economic and social issues that led to sectionalism and nationalism.
2.04 Assess political events, issues, and personalities that contributed to sectionalism and nationalism.
2.05 Identify the major reform movements and evaluate their effectiveness.
2.06 Evaluate the role of religion in the debate over slavery and other social movements and issues.
Enduring Vision: Chapters 8, 9, 10, 11, and selected parts of 12, 13, and 14
Chapter 8
Key Terms:
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John Marshall
Marbury vs. Madison
Louisiana Purchase
Lewis and Clark expedition
Sacajawea
Impressment
Embargo Act of 1807
James Madison
War hawks
Tecumseh
Treaty of Ghent
Andrew Jackson
Era of Good Feelings
McCulloch vs. Maryland
Missouri Compromise
John Quincy Adams
Adams-Onis Treaty
Monroe Doctrine
Questions:
1. Why was the election of Thomas Jefferson in 1800 called a “revolution”? Do you agree with this description?
Give 3 reasons you agree or disagree.
2. In Jefferson’s inaugural address, he states “we are all republicans; we are all federalists”. What did he mean by
this? Did the events of his term of office fit this statement? Explain.
3. Describe Jefferson’s relationship with the judiciary. Include the events of Marbury vs. Madison in your answers.
Why was Marshall brilliant to rule the way he did?
4. List the goals of the Lewis and Clark expedition. What was accomplished? How did this purchase violate
Jefferson’s core belief of strict construction?
5. Election of 1804: candidates, parties, issues, results, significance
6. Briefly review the Burr conspiracy in “Challenges on the Home Front” on page 229.
7. Describe the Yazoo land scandal (p.232)
8. War of 1812: list the long term causes and the immediate spark. This should be in last semester’s notes. Why
was the Embargo Act of 1807 not a good idea for America? Why did “peaceable coercion” fail?
9. What was the Treaty of Fort Wayne (p.236)? What were the effects of the Battle of Tippecanoe?
10. How was Madison ultimately forced to ask for a declaration of war in the War of 1812?
11. The Treaty of Ghent basically returned everything to the status quo ante bellum. What was the significance of
the treaty, and how did it usher in an age of nationalism?
12. What occurred at the Hartford Convention? How did this secure the end of the Federalists?
13. Clay’s American System was designed to create self-sufficiency between the regions of America. Describe his
idea and determine the rate of success he had.
14. The Missouri Compromise temporarily solved a crisis. What were the provisions of the compromise, and why
did it not last?
15. Identify the following: Rush-Bagot Treaty, 1817;Adams-Onis Treaty; Monroe Doctrine, 1823. Choose one and
elaborate on the impact it had on America, both immediate and long-term.
Chapter 9 This is a thematic chapter.
Key Terms:
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Alexis de Tocqueville
Old Northwest
Old Southwest
Five Civilized Tribes
Indian Removal Act, 1830
Trail of Tears
Market economy
squatters
Panic of 1819
Transportation revolution
Gibbons vs. Ogden
Erie Canal
Eli Whitney
Waltham and Lowell textile mills
Outwork
Richard Allen
African Methodist Episcopal Chruch
Catharine Beecher
Separate spheres
Horizontal allegiances
Vertical allegiances
Voluntary associations
Questions:
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Explain developments between 1815 and 1840 that encouraged white settlement in the Midwest.
What stimulated northeastern manufacturing in the years after the War of 1812?
Why did New England lead the way in industrialization?
Compare and contrast New England manufacturing with that in New York City and Philadelphia.
What changes occurred in the economic and social status of artisans and skilled workers in the period 18151840?
6. Discuss the doctrine of separate spheres for women. What changes, if any, did the doctrine produce in the
lives of white middle-class, white working-class, and black and immigrant women?
7. Discuss the change from assimilation to removal regarding Native Americans during the time period 18151840.
Chapter 10 This chapter is chronological and then thematic at the end.
Key Terms:
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Political democratization
Henry Clay
Democratic Party
Spoils system
Nullification crisis
Second Bank of the US
Whig Party
Panic of 1837
Second Great Awakening
Charles G. Finney
Mormons
American Temperance Society
Horace Mann
William Lloyd Garrison
Angelina and Sarah Grimke
Lucretia Mott
Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Seneca Falls convention
Dorothea Dix
Utopian communities
Questions:
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Describe the election of 1824.
Identify Andrew Jackson and Martin Van Buren.
Describe the new pressures facing the Republican Party.
Describe the democratic idea of politics.
What forms did democratization take? List and describe.
What methods were used to woo voters?
Who was excluded from political democracy?
Why did Jackson claim “corrupt bargaining” had occurred in the election of 1824?
Explain the statement, “Van Buren exemplified a new breed of politician.”
What were Jackson’s nicknames?
Describe the election of 1828.
How did the portrayal of Jackson compare to the reality?
What was the spoils system? Describe the pros and cons of that system.
Who was John C. Calhoun?
What was Calhoun’s position on tariffs? Why did he feel this way?
Identify South Carolina Exposition and Protest. What was the significance of the document?
Who was Nat Turner? William Lloyd Garrison?
What was Jackson’s plan to retain key northern support and still soothe the South?
Why did Calhoun dislike the policy of distributing federal revenue to the states?
What personal issues had evolved between Calhoun and Jackson prior to the tariff issue?
What reaction did the South Carolina convention take in response to the tariff of 1832?
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What “olive branch” was extended?
Define Force Bill.
Describe the Compromise of 1833.
What was Henry Clay’s role?
Why was Clay called the Great Compromiser?
Why did Jackson want to kill the bank?
Who was Nicholas Biddle? What was his role?
Describe the election of 1832.
Describe Jackson’s actions concerning the Bank of the US; include his veto of the charter.
What were pet banks?
Define soft money and hard money.
Who were the Locofocos?
What was Tammany Hall?
Describe the rise of the Whig Party?
What led people to join the Whigs?
Why were many social reformers opposed to Jackson?
Who was the Anti-Masonry?
By 1836, the Whigs were a national party with appeal. Where did they get support?
Who was King Andrew I?
Describe the election of 1836.
What was the Panic of 1837?
Who were the Millerites and what actions did they take?
Why did Van Buren call for an independent treasury?
Who did the Whigs blame the depression on? Was the blame valid? Explain.
Describe the election of 1840. How was Harrison portrayed?
What attributed to the jump in voters?
Why were voters now more likely to go to the polls to vote?
Chapter 11
Key Terms:
1. McCormick Reaper
2. American System of Manufacturing
3. New York Stock Exchange
4. Epidemics
5. Phrenology
6. Penny press
7. Minstrel shows
8. P.T. Barnum
9. American Renaissance
10. James Fenimore Cooper
11. Ralph Waldo Emerson
12. Henry David Thoreau
13. Margaret Fuller
14. Walt Whitman
15. Nathaniel Hawthorne
16. Herman Melville
17. Edgar Allan Poe
18. Hudson River School
19. George Catlin
20. Frederick Law Olmstead
Questions:
1. Why were interchangeable parts and improved machine tools extremely important in the growth of
American manufacturing? Give specific examples.
2. How was most American railroad building in the 1850s financed?
3. Why did antebellum American cities make little headway against recurring epidemics of cholera, yellow
fever, and other diseases?
4. Explain the beliefs of American transcendentalists, such as Emerson and Thoreau.
5. Describe, or discuss, the rise of popular culture in the period 1830-1860. Include the penny press, the
sentimental novel, theater, and popular health and science movements.