‫بسم هللا الرمحن الرحيم‬
Groups:
Ala`a Dababish
Mousa Shaheen
Supervisor:
Dr. Basil Hamed
Contents
 Introduction.
 History of bridges.
 Types of Structure.
 Types of Bridges.
 Truss Bridges.
 Types of Truss Bridge.
 How Is The Truss Made?
 Samples of bridges.
 Conclusion.
Introduction.
We can define bridges that the part of structure
which joint between two separate lands.
 bridges have played an important role in the
history of human civilization.
Bridges play an essential role in communication
among people in all the world.
In addition to their function in transportation, they
give the country nice face by all types of them.
History of bridges
Fig. 1
The earliest bridges consisted mainly of logs that had fallen
or were placed across rivers. While inexpensive, they
were less than reliable. Moving heavy loads across them
was often impossible.
Fig. 2
Primitive bridges were nothing more than a cable of
rope stretched across a river.
5
Fig. 3
The stone arch bridge design is among the strongest
and most durable.
6
Steel arch bridges are also capable of covering great
spans and bearing heavy loads.
Fig. 4
7
Types of structures
Steel Construction
Steel is a wonderful invention. It is very strong for its weight,
and relatively inexpensive and available for its strength.
Concrete Construction
Concrete is an Engineers modeling clay. It can be molded and
shaped into beautiful, artistic, and useful structures. It has
amazing strength in compression
Types of bridges
1. Cable Bridges
Cable structures are some of the
most beautiful and recognized
structures in engineering.
2. Arch Bridges
Fig. 5
Arches can be constructed of many
materials - stone, wood, concrete,
or steel.
Fig. 6
3. Beam
Bridges
Beam supported construction of bridges is the first
and foremost style of bridge building.
Fig. 7
4. Suspension Bridge
suspension bridges can span distances from 2,000
to 7,000 feet -- far longer than any other kind of
bridge.
5. cantilever Bridge
Fig. 8
Cantilevers were one of the first bridge types,
many being built by the ancient cultures of
China and India.
Fig. 9
Truss bridges
Trusses are comprised of many small beams that together can
support a large amount of weight and span great distances.
The truss is a simple skeletal structure. In design theory, the
individual members of a simple truss are only subject to tension
And compression forces and not bending forces.
Types of truss bridges
Fig. 10
How is the truss made?
The major steps for making truss
bridges are :
1. Pre-Fabrication Activities
2. Cutting and Marking
3. Butt Welding
4. Drilling
5. Panel Assembly
6. Assembly, Welding, and Correction
7. Machining
8. Trial Assembly
9. Blasting
10.Painting
1.
2.
Pre-Fabrication Activities
Cutting and Marking.
Fig. 11
14
3. Butt Welding
Fig. 12
15
4. Drilling
Fig. 13
16
5. Panel Assembly
Fig. 14
17
6. Assembly, Welding, and Correction
Fig. 15
18
7. Machining
8. Trial Assembly
Fig. 16
19
9. Blasting
10. Painting
Fig. 17
20
Samples of
Bridges
1) Akashi-Kaikyo
Location: (Japan)
Date Completed: 1998
Height: 282.8 meters
Length: 3910 meters
Fig. 18
21
2) Clifton Suspension Bridge
Location: Bristol, England
Date Completed: 1864
Height: 26 meters
Length: 214 meters
Fig. 19
22
3) Brooklyn Bridge
Location: Brooklyn
Date Completed: 1883
Height: 83 meters
Length: 1834 meters
Fig. 20
23
4) Humber Bridge
Location: England.
Date Completed: 1981
Height: 155.5 meters
Length: 2220 meters
Fig. 21
24
Conclusion
• This presentation takes us to know how
civil engineer developed civilization and
transportations by developed bridges.
• So we couldn’t imagine America,
Europe and all the world without bridges.
• After all, we should not to be surprise if
we know that.
Thanks
For Your
Attention