First Semester Final Exam Study Guide
Question
List the three main types of rocks
and draw a picture of each. Label
the significant features. (Layers,
crystals, holes, grains, etc.)
Explain how sedimentary rock is
created by erosion and weathering.
You are given a light colored rock
with dark spots in it that are shiny.
Infer about the rock type and
explain the evidence.
How does each rock type form?
Draw a picture that helps you to
remember.
What does a scratch test show
geologists about a certain type of
mineral or rock?
Draw and label the structure of a
basic volcano and describe how it
erupts.
Answer
Illustration/Example
Question
What is Mohs’ Scale used to
determine?
What rock
type is
pictured? How
do you know?
Explain the difference
between weathering and
erosion.
What is it called when
minerals are moved from one
place to another resulting in
layers?
List the properties that help
identify rock types.
What are the three volcano
types and what are they
made of?
Answer
Illustration/Example
Question
Answer
Draw and label the rock cycle
and explain how it works.
Explain how igneous rocks
are created and then changed
into sedimentary rocks.
Which type of rock cannot
have fossils? Why?
Use the geologic column below to answer
questions
1-4.
1. Which rock layer is the oldest?
2. Which rock layer is the newest?
3. How do you know which layers
are younger?
4. Is layer C older or newer than
layer F? Why?
What is a fossil? How are
fossils made?
-
Illustration/Example
Question
What are index fossils and
how can they be used to date
rock layers?
Explain what seismic waves
are, name the three types,
and which is the most
destructive.
What is the evidence for the
theory of continental drift?
Name the three types of plate
boundaries, explain their
movement, and give one
result of each.
What causes an earthquake?
What are mid-ocean ridges
and what type of boundary
occurs there?
Answer
Illustration/Example
Question
Answer
What is a hot spot? Give two examples
of places fueled by hot spots.
On Mohs’ scale of hardness, what
are the softest and hardest
minerals?
What is the movement of the plates
caused by?
After you have completed an
experiment and you find that your
hypothesis is incorrect, what should be
done next?
What
is the
mass
measurement for the object on the triple
beam balance above?
Why are safety rules important in
the lab?
Illustration/Example
Question
When is it okay to begin using
materials in the lab?
What is a graduated cylinder used
to measure and what label should
be used for objects that it
measures?
What is the
measurement of
the liquid?
What is a meniscus? How do you
measure using the meniscus?
About how old is the earth? What
evidence do scientists have to support
this?
What are the divisions of geologic
time? What happens at the end of
each era?
Describe intrusive and extrusive
igneous rocks and explain the
difference between them.
Answer
Illustration/Example