January 25, 2010 (#90)
Need: Books/Notebooks
Continue to Build a better
understanding of Electric and
Magnetic Field behaviors
 Connection between Magnetic Fields
and the Earth as well as Technology
 Describe the relationships among the
three components of electricity.
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For those of you that find this topic
interesting, at the conclusion of today's
lesson, there will be some extensions you
can pursue in learning more about
Magnetic Fields, Reversals, and maybe, a
touch of SciFi regarding 2012.
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Modern Marvels Renewable Energy P2
Bell Work Questions
Connecting Renewable Energy to Magnetic
Fields
▪ History of the Earth – Paleomagnetism FINISH
▪ Technology – Cracking the Code (Binary Code)
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How are Magnets Made
Magnetic Fields Continued
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Continue Who killed the electric car?
Work on Building Layer
For those done, National Geographic Article. Read, Review, Summarize,
Comment
Enjoy today’s Problem of the Day Video!
Solar Energy has the potential to help the US
with it’s energy demands. However, there
are some drawbacks to the current silicon
type panels. What do you think is the
biggest concern for people interested in
them?
A. They are too fragile
B. People do not like the look of them
C. They are too expensive
D. Not sure/Do not know
Are there any areas in the USA that you think
would/could benefit from such a Renewable
Energy Source?
C.
B.
A.
D.
E.
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Observing Iceland’s use of Geothermal
energy, gives us a great way of discussing
Igneous rock formation and the field of
Paleomagnetism.
First, addressing Earth’s Magnetic Field.
Earth’s many
layers are the
accepted
cause of what
causes the
Magnetic
Field
surrounding
the Earth.
-The Core clip
A movie called THE CORE, attempted to
explain what might happen on Earth if the
Magnetic Field was ever disrupted.
You be the judge as to how accurate it is.
22:20 - 28:00
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Watch Video Clip
 Magnetic Field Animation
 Surrounds every
electric charge and
exerts a force
(Magnetically)
 In this case large
amounts of hot
metal moving past
one another,
creates a Magnetic
Field
 Thanks to this
field, the Earth
is shielded
from Solar
Wind
(Radiation)
Join the new Bill Nye Show in observing what he
considers to be a famous discovery.
http://science.discovery.com/videos/100-greatestdiscoveries-shorts-magnetic-field-reversal.html
So, what do you think about the Earth’s Magnetic
Field Reversing? How about Fading?
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/0
9/0909_040909_earthmagfield.html
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Video Clip Magnetic
Pole
Movement
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The Magnetic Field has reversed about every
200,000 to 300,000 years
It has been about 780,000 years since the last
reversal
Pole Wanders at about 40miles a year
Reversals are always predicated by a reduction
in the fields strength
The field has reduced 10% in the last 150 yrs
Some reductions are followed by increases in
strength.
Are we due? Who knows!
Back in the Early 1950’s Edward A. Irving, a
Canadian paleomagnetism specialist, used
paleomagnetic studies to support plate tectonics
(Movement of Crustal Plates 1 cm per year).
The method of identifying polar reversals by
examination of oceanic crust was further
developed by Frederick John Vine.
Let us examine what he discovered.
Mind you this is old footage!
Paleomagnetism Video Clip.
Video Clip – South Atlantic
Video Clip – SFS2 With Arrows
Video Clip – SFS4 Pole Reversals
Video Clip – SFS5 Arrows and Chart
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See if you can figure out where the center
of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is.
Using the magnet, run the magnetic “Boat
Sensor” over the sea-floor.
For each section, call out whether it is
Normal (Repelling) or Reversal (Attracting)
Work Together to figure out the location of
the ridge/Spreading Center
Many studies and research shows that the
planets magnetic field has reversed and
faded throughout the history of the planet.
Some current models show this situation.
Hematite- Mined as the
main ore in Iron
Magnetite- or
Loadstone, most
magnetized naturally
occurring mineral
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Most metals have domains
that are randomly placed
Being magnetized arranges
the domains into one
direction
Screw driver rubbed on a
magnet becomes magnetic
How have humans discovered that the Earth’s
Magnetic Field has changed?
A. They waited for their compasses to change
direction
B. They watched birds flying E to W instead of N to
S
C. They observed iron particles in newly formed
rock
D. They looked for changes in the iron orientation
on the ocean floor
E. Not Sure
Binary Code.
 First introduced in the 11th century –ShauYongphilosopher (Not used in math)
 200BC – Indian writer Pingala-develops binary
numeral system
 1605 – Francis Bacon created a system where
letters of alphabet could be assigned binary
digits
 Late 1930’s, George Stibitz, working on the
“Model K” computer, which calculated using
binary addition.
First, remember that the code (program) originally
worked with switches, either turned on (1) or off
(0). Only those two figures are used.
So, to begin, we will count, and in counting, we
will start with Zero (0).
Number O = Binary Code O
Number 1 = Binary Code 1
Pretty hard huh?
Continue on…
Number O = Binary Code
Number 1 = Binary Code
Number 2 = Binary Code
Number 3 = Binary Code
Number 4 = Binary Code
Number 5 = Binary Code
Number 6 = Binary Code
Number 7 = Binary Code
Number 8 = Binary Code
0
1
10
11
100
101
110
111
1000
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Using a
Hexidecimal and
Decimal System
combined with
Binary we can
get letters
Hex
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
A
B
C
D
E
F
Dec
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Binary
0000
0001
0010
0011
0100
0101
0110
0111
1000
1001
1010
1011
1100
1101
1110
1111
Nanotechnology
The biggest science initiative since
the Apollo program
Example: Data storage capacity of the iPod
10 GB
2001
20 GB
2002
40 GB
2004
80 GB
2006
160 GB
2007
Hard drive
Magnetic data storage
Uses nanotechnology!
Hard Disk Drives - a home for bits
Hitachi
Magnetic Data Storage
A computer hard drive stores your data magnetically
“Read”
Head
“Write”
Head
Signal
S
N
N
S
0
1
current
Disk
0
0
1
0
0
1
direction of disk motion
1
0
_
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“Bits” of
information
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Using the Homemade “Reader Heads,” Walk
around the room with a partner or two and
collect answers to questions that have
answers given in binary code. Most answers
will be in Number form.
Use the code on the top of the reader, and
collect answers to your papers.
There are only 10 questions.
Improving Magnetic Data Storage Technology
• The UMass Amherst Center for Hierarchical
Manufacturing is working to improve this
technology
coil
1 bit
Perpendicular
Write Head
Granular Media
Soft Magnetic UnderLayer (SUL)
Y. Sonobe, et al., JMMM (2006)
• CHM Goal: Make "perfect" media
using self-assembled nano-templates
• Also, making new designs for storage
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (LZW) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
So, how does Apple get more storage?
10 GB
2001
20 GB
2002
By Making the
Magnets Smaller!!
40 GB
2004
80 GB
2006
160 GB
2007
Hard drive
Magnetic data storage
Uses nanotechnology!
Benefit: Sun is an unlimited source of electronic energy.
Konarka
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Please check out the teams website for
further studies and ideas regarding the
chance that the planet’s magnetic field is in
the process of reversing, or just preparing
to strengthen again.
http://homeworkteam71.wikispaces.com/
Notice the
name on the
poster to the
right
Notice that guy
and his name,
that would be
1992, 8th
Grade!
Video on How Magnets Are made