2- 1 Fundamentals of Corporate Finance Sixth Edition Chapter 2 Financial Markets and Institutions Richard A. Brealey Stewart C. Myers Alan J. Marcus Slides by Matthew Will McGraw Hill/Irwin Copyright © 2009 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved 2- 2 Topics Covered The Importance of Financial Markets and Institutions The Flow of Savings to Corporations Functions of Financial Markets and of Financial Intermediaries Value Maximization and the Cost of Capital 2- 3 Financial Markets Money Primary OTC Markets Markets Secondary Markets 2- 4 Financial Markets Financing Decision Source of Funds “Capital” Capital Structure Money Markets Euros 2- 5 Financial Markets Issue Securities Company Cash Reinvested Cash Investors 2- 6 Financial Markets Financial markets Corporation Investment in real assets Reinvestment Stock markets Fixed-income markets Money markets Markets for Commodities Foreign exchange Derivatives Financial Intermediaries Mutual Funds Pension funds Financial Institutions Banks Insurance companies Investors worldwide 2- 7 Financial Institutions Company Obligations Funds Intermediaries Banks Insurance Cos. Brokerage Firms 2- 8 Financial Institutions Intermediaries Obligations Funds Investors Depositors Policyholders Investors 2- 9 Financial Markets $ Bank of America $ Explorer Fund Sells shares Investors Issues shares 2- 10 Financial Markets Company Banks Insurance Cos. Obligations Funds Intermediary Brokerage Firms Obligations Funds Depositors Policyholders Investors Investor 2- 11 Financial Markets Company Loan Banks $2.5 mil Intermediary Deposits Depositors Cash Investor 2- 12 Financial Markets Company Issue Debt Insurance Company $2.5 mil Intermediary Sell policies Policyholders Cash Investor 2- 13 Total U.S. Financing % Holdings of Corporate and Foreign Bonds (Qtr 3, 2007) 12.3 9.5 14.2 28.1 5.4 20.6 10 Households Rest of world Banks Insurance Cos Pension Funds Mutual Funds Other 2- 14 Total U.S. Financing % Holdings of Corporate Equities (Qtr 3, 2007) 1.4 27.1 28.3 12.6 22.3 8 0.3 Households Rest of world Banks Insurance Cos Pension Funds Mutual Funds Other 2- 15 Function of Financial Markets Transporting cash across time Risk transfer and diversification Liquidity Payment mechanism Provide information 2- 16 U.S. Financing Information Provided by Financial Markets Commodity prices Interest rates Company values Interest rates on 30-year corporate bonds, February 2008. Credit Rating AAA AA A BBB BB B Interest Rate 5.71% 5.78 6.38 7.12 9.84 10.82 Source: Bloomberg Composite Corporate Bond Indexes. 2- 17 Value of Alaska Air Group Data as of January, 2008 2- 18 Value Maximization 2- 19 Web Resources