Faculty Orientation Program Subject: Urbanization & Sustainable Development Contributors: Prof. Kedar Rijal Deepak Chhetry Ramesh Raj Pant July 9, 2015 Course Nature Course Title: Urbanization and Sustainable Development Course No: Env. 405 Lecture hrs: 150 Nature of the Course: Theory (Optional) Full Marks: 100 Year: IV Pass Marks: 35 Objectives General Objective: To enhance the knowledge on urbanization & sustainable development in prospect of national and international issues Specific Objectives: To provide an overview of urbanization, urban growth and pattern To familiarize the students with socio-cultural and environmental problems of urbanization To highlight the concept of sustainable cities, strategies for sustainable urbanization, urban management initiatives To explain briefly the concept, challenges & approaches of sustainable development To acquaint with the status of sustainable development in Nepalese context To understand national & international initiatives of environmental sustainability Unit 1: Introduction to Urbanization (15 hrs) Concept & characteristics of urbanization (2 hrs) Trend, process & pattern of urbanization (3 hrs) Urban growth & urbanization in developed & developing countries (4 hrs) Influencing factors & patterns of urban growth (4 hrs) Urbanization in Nepal (2 hrs) End : student will be familiar with the concept and recent pattern of urbanization at local as well as global level Books: Rodney R. (1994). White Urban Environmental Management: Environmental Change and Urban Design. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester Cunningham, W.P & Cunningham, M.A. (2004). Principles of Environmental Science: Inquiry and Applications, Second Edition. Boston: Mc Grow Hill. Dynamics of Urbanization in Nepal: The Role and Response of Local Government : Kamal Devkota Unit 2: Urban Environmental Concerns (30 hrs) Introduction to urban environment & environmental concerns (2 hrs) Concept of urban ecology (2 hr) Economic and ecological components of urbanization (4 hrs) Concept of Urbanization, Socio-cultural & environment impacts (2 hrs) 1. Urban infrastructures (2 hrs) 2. Water supply (2 hrs) 3. Solid waste (2 hrs) 4. Sanitation and drainage (3 hrs) 5. Traffic congestion (1 hr) 6. Air & noise pollution (4 hrs) 7. Urban land use change and patterns (3 hrs) 8. Urban poverty (1 hr) 9. Slum areas (1 hr) 10. Socio-economic crimes (1 hr) Contd… End: student will be familiar with the major environmental concern of urban areas Books: ADB and ICIMOD, 2006.Environmental Assessment of Nepal: Emerging Issues and Challenges. ADB and ICIMOD, Kathmandu Kaushik C.P. & Kaushik M. (2006). Perspective in Environmental Studies: New Age International Pvt. Ltd. Urban Growth and Spatial Transition, an initial assessment-Nepal. April 2012 Unit 3: Sustainable Cities & Urban Management Initiatives (30 hrs) Concept on sustainable cities (1 hr) Sustainable urbanization (1 hr) Concept of inclusive urban development (1 hr) Strategies for sustainable urbanization (2 hrs) Green infrastructure (1 hr) Zoning and land pooling (2 hrs) Carrying capacity ( 1 hr) Bioregionalism ( 4 hrs): (BIOGEOGRAPHIC: geology, geography, biology RESOURCE USE: agriculture, resource management, technology SOCIAL: culture, social system, politics, economics PHILOSOPHICAL: conceptions of nature, spiritual awareness) Contd… Initiatives: Eco-cities, energy and water efficient cities (2 hrs) National: Nepal initiatives & urban governance (2 hrs) Urban planning (2 hrs) Policies and institutions (2 hrs) Laws relating to land acquisition (1 hrs) Urban perspective plan (2 hrs) Global: Global initiatives of urban planning & policy (2 hrs) Development control of zoning regulations (2 hrs) Global urban plan preparations ( 2 hrs) Additional Reference: Dynamics of Urbanization in Nepal; Kamal Devkota Contd… End: student will be familiar with the major initiatives of global communities to make their cities livable Books: Strategic Plan: For Green City, Initiative 2012-2016 Sustainable Development Agenda : FOR NEPAL, NPC Rees, W. and M. Wackernagel (eds.) 1994. “Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity: measuring the natural requirements of the human economy”, in Increasing in Natural Capital: the Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, Washington: Island Press. Resources 1996–97. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rodney R. White Urban Environmental Management: Environmental Change and Urban Design: John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1994. Unit 4: Sustainable Development (35 hrs) Concept of sustainable development (1 hr) Evolution of sustainable development ( 1 hr) Importance, scope & key indicators ( 1 hr) Issues & approaches of sustainable development: Environmental issues & sustainable development ( 2 hrs) An overview of local, regional & global environmental issues (3 hrs) Natural resources & sustainable livelihoods ( 1 hr) Application of sustainability principles for solving environmental problems ( 2 hrs) Contd… Economics of Sustainable Development (1 hr) Concept of resource economics ( 1 hr) Economic growth & development ( 1 hr) Resources in classical & neoclassical economics ( 2 hrs) Ecology & economy nexus in reference to environmental sustainability (2 hrs) Environmental limits of economic growth (1 hr) Communal properties & tragedy of commons ( 2 hrs) Economic valuation of ecological services (direct market, travel cost & contingent methods)( 3 hrs) Cost benefit analyst (1 hr) Contd… Origin and development of green economy (1 hr) Green business ( 1 hr) Green design &design for environment ( 1 hr) Human Development Approaches: Pillars of human development ( 1 hr) Vulnerability dimensions of human development (1 hr) Equity, Social justice , Empowerment Resource & knowledge based human development ( 1 hr) Ecological footprints ( 1 hr) Equally weighted indices (living planet index & environmental sustainability index) (2 hrs) Integrated sustainable development index (1 hr) Unequally weighted indices: Environmental pressure indices, well-being of nations (2 hrs) Eco-efficiency (1 hr) Tools for sustainable management of resources (2 hrs) End: student will be familiar with the concept , importance, scope and practices of sustainable development Books: Lekhak, H.D. and Lekhak, B. (2009). Natural Resources Conservation and Sustainable Development in Nepal. Kshitiz Publications, Kathmandu Brundtland, G.H. (1987). Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford University Press, Delhi India. Dahal, M. K. & Dahal, D. R. (1998). Environment and Sustainable Development. Issues in Nepalese Perspective. Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies (NEFAS), Kathmandu. Elliott, J.A. (1994). An Introduction to Sustainable Development: The Developing World. Routlege , London. Field B. C. (2001). An Introduction of Natural Resources Economics. McGraw Hill, Boston. Furtado, D.R and T. Belt (2000). Economic Development and Sustainability. The Word Bank, Washington, DC. Unit 5: Sustainable Development in Nepal (20 hrs) 1. 2. Practices & sustainable development planning in Nepal (2 hrs) Prospects & problems for sustainable development (2 hrs) Sustainable development in rural & urban areas ( 2 hrs) Planned development & developmental activities in Nepal (2 hrs) Emerging priorities for sustainable development (2 hrs) Eco-villages Eco-city development Environmental design & sustainable community (2 hrs) Integrated ecosystem management & livelihood (2 hrs) Integrated urban management (1 hr) Institutional & capacity building (2hrs) Media & sustainable development (1 hr) Education for sustainable development (ESD) (1 hr) Leading change for sustainability (1 hr) Contd… End: student will be familiar with approaches, practices and scope of the the sustainable development in Nepalese context Books: Lekhak, H.D. and Lekhak, B. (2009). Natural Resources Conservation and Sustainable Development in Nepal. Kshitiz Publications, Kathmandu Dahal, M. K. & Dahal, D. R. (1998). Environment and Sustainable Development. Issues in Nepalese Perspective. Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies (NEFAS), Kathmandu. ADB and ICIMOD (2006). Environmental Assessment of Nepal: Emerging Issues and Challenges. ADB and ICIMOD, Kathmandu Sustainable Development Agenda : FOR NEPAL, NPC Unit 6: Policy Framework on Environmental Sustainability (20 hrs) Concept of development paradigms & shift to sustainable development 1. 2. 1. 2. & policy regulations (2 hrs) Resource policy & ladder of sustainable development (2hrs) Global Initiatives towards environmental sustainability ( 6 hrs) Evolution International environmental policies, plans, strategies & commitments National Initiatives towards environmental sustainability (6 hrs) Environmental policies, plans & strategies & their effectiveness in Nepalese context International & national environmental institutions & their role & responsibilities Environmental ethics, sustainable-earth worldviews (2 hr ) Role of human beings in sustaining the earth (2 hr) End: student will be familiar with the shifting of development paradigms, national and international policies , plans and institutions related to sustainable development Books: Agenda 21 Loca Self Government Act, 1999 Dynamics of Urbanization in Nepal: The Role and Response of Local Government Strategic Plan: For Green City, Initiative 2012-2016 Sustainable Development Agenda : FOR NEPAL, NPC National Conservation Strategy, 1998 Sustainable Development Agenda for Nepal (SDAN), 2003 National Strategy for Risk Management, 2009 National Planning agenda, 2010 GoN endorsed NAPA documents, 2010 Mountain Initiative (MI), 2010 Climate Change Policy, 2011 GoN endorsed the LAPA framework , 2011 Environmental Protection Act 1997 Environmental Protection Regulation , 1997 References ADB and ICIMOD, 2006. Environmental Assessment of Nepal: Emerging Issues and Challenges. ADB and ICIMOD, Kathmandu Brundtland, G.H. (1987). Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment and Development. Oxford University Press, Delhi India. Dahal, M. K. & Dahal, D. R. (1998). Environment and Sustainable Development. Issues in Nepalese Perspective. Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies (NEFAS), Kathmandu. Elliott, J.A. (1994). An Introduction to Sustainable Development: The Developing World. Routlege , London. Field B. C. (2001). An Introduction of Natural Resources Economics. McGraw Hill, Boston. Furtado, D.R and T. Belt (2000). Economic Development and Sustainability. The Word Bank, Washington, DC. Joshi, A. R., Shrestha, S.L & Joshi, K. (2003). Environmental Management and Sustainable Development at the Cross Road. Ankus, Kathmandu Nepal. Joshi, Jibgar (2009). Regional Strategies for Sustainable Development in Nepal, Lajmina Joshi, Kathmandu. Mitlin, Diana and Satterthwaite D. (1994). “Cities and Sustainable Development”, background paper, Global Forum ’94, Manchester. Miller, Jr. G. T. (2003), Living in the Environment, Wadsworth Publication. Price, Charles and Tsouros A., eds. (1996). Our Cities, Our Future: Policies and Action Plans for Health and Sustainable Development. Healthy Cities Project Office, Copenhagen. Rodney R. (1994). White Urban Environmental Management: Environmental Change and Urban Design. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. Question Setting & Marks Allocation S.N. Name of Unit 1 Introduction to Urbanization 15 10 5+5 Head or tail 2 Short Questions 2 Urban Environmental Concerns 30 20 10+10 Head, body & tail 2 long questions 3 Sustainable Cities & Management Initiatives Urban 30 20 10+10 Head, body & tail 2 long questions 4 Sustainable Development 35 23.33 10+10 Head, body & tail 2 long questions 5 Sustainable Development in Nepal 20 13.33 5+5+5 Head or tail 3 short questions 6 Policy Framework on Environmental Sustainability 20 13.33 5+5 +5 Head or tail 3 short questions 150 100% 100 8*5= 40 SQ 6*10=60 LQ 20% or from contemporary issues Total Lecture Hrs Weightage Marks Allocation Remarks Thank You! Annex: Reference Reading Dynamics of Urbanization in Nepal: The Role and Response of Local Government Strategic Plan: For Green City, Initiative 2012-2016 Sustainable Development Agenda : FOR NEPAL, NPC Contd… ADB and ICIMOD, 2006.Environmental Assessment of Nepal: Emerging Issues and Challenges. ADB and ICIMOD, Kathmandu Baumgatrner, R. & Hogger R. (2004). (Ed.). In Search Of Sustainable Livelihood System. New Delhi: Sage Publications. Brundtland, G.H. (1987). Our Common Future. World Commission on Environment and Development. Delhi India: Oxford University Press. Carney, D. (1999). (Ed.). Sustainable Livelihood. London: DFID. Chaudhary, R.P. (1998). Biodiversity in Nepal: Status and Conservation. Bangkok: Tec. Press. Cunningham, W.P & Cunningham, M.A. (2004). Principles of Environmental Science: Inquiry and Applications, Second Edition. Boston: Mc Grow Hill. Dahal, M. K. & Dahal, D. R. (1998). Environment and Sustainable Development. Issues in Nepalese Perspective. Kathmandu: Nepal Foundation for Advanced Studies (NEFAS). Elliott, J.A. (1994). An Introduction to Sustainable Development: The Developing World. London: Routlege. Field B. C. (2001). An Introduction of Natural Resources Economics. Boston: McGraw Hill. Contd… Furtado, D.R and T. Belt (2000). Economic Development and Sustainability. Washington, DC: The Word Bank. Ghimire, K.B & Pimbert, M.P. (Eds.) (1997). Social Change and Conservation: Environmental Politics and Impacts of National Parks and Protected Areas. London: Earthscan. Joshi, A. R., Shrestha, S.L & Joshi, K. (2003). Environmental Management and Sustainable Development at the Cross Road. Kathmandu Nepal: Ankus. Joshi, Jibgar (1999). Housing and Urban Development in Nepal, Kathmandu: Lajmina Joshi Joshi, Jibgar (2008). Planning Approaches in Nepal, Kathmandu: Lajmina Joshi. Joshi, Jibgar (2009). Regional Strategies for Sustainable Development in Nepal, Kathmandu: Lajmina Joshi. Joshi, Lajmina. 2001. “Understanding Development from Human and Ecological Perspectives: The management of bio-regional resources in Jha, P. K., and others, eds., Environment and Agriculture: Biodiversity, agriculture, and pollution in South Asia. Kathmandu: Ecological Society (ECOS), Nepal. Kaushik C.P. & Kaushik M. (2006). Perspective in Environmental Studies: New Age International Pvt. Ltd. Lekhak, H.D. and Lekhak, B., 2009. Natural Resources Conservation and Sustainable Development in Nepal. Kshitiz Publications, Kathmandu. Contd… Mitlin, Diana and David Satterthwaite. “Cities and Sustainable Development”, background paper, Global Forum ’94, Manchester, 1994. Price, Charles and A. Tsouros., eds. 1996. Our Cities, Our Future: Policies and Action Plans for Health and Sustainable Development. Copenhagen: Healthy Cities Project Office. Rees, W. and M. Wackernagel (eds.) 1994. “Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity: measuring the natural requirements of the human economy”, in Increasing in Natural Capital: the Ecological Economics Approach to Sustainability, Washington: Island Press. Resources 1996–97. New York/Oxford: Oxford University Press. Rodney R. White Urban Environmental Management: Environmental Change and Urban Design: John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1994. UNCHS. The Habitat Agenda 1996 (Sustainable human settlements development in an urbanizing world). UNEP. Agenda 21: Chapter 7. 1992. World Bank. 1996. Livable Cities for the 21st Century. Washington D. C.: The World Bank, .2012. Urban Growth and Spatial Transition, an initial assessment-Nepal. April 2012 World Resources Institute. 1996. The Urban Environment: A Special Reprint from World