Wars Affect Spanish Texas
Main Idea: The French and Indian War
and American Revolution affect Spanish
Texas and change the landscape of North
America.
What was the French & Indian War
(1754-1763)?
– Fought on 2
continental fronts:
Europe and North
America
– British vs. French
– Called the French
and Indian War in
North America
– Called the Seven
Years War in Europe
How did the French & Indian War
Affect Spanish Texas?
– Treaty of Paris (1763)
ended war (Britain
defeats France)
– Great Britain: got
Canada and all French
land East of Mississippi
River
– Spain: got all land West
of Mississippi River,
including Louisiana and
New Orleans
How did the French & Indian War
Affect Spanish Texas?
– France was no longer a
threat in North America.
– Marques de Rubi, a
Spanish officer who
investigated Texas,
recommended that
Spain close their Texas
missions except for
those in San Antonio
and Goliad (La Bahia).
How did the French & Indian War
Affect Spanish Texas?
– In 1773, Baron de
Ripperda, the Spanish
governor of Texas,
closed the East Texas
missions and ordered all
settlers west to San
Antonio
– One settler, Gil Ybarbo,
was permitted to stay as
he established
Nacogdoches.
What was the American Revolution
(1776-1783)?
– In a nutshell, the
13 American
Colonies
overthrow British
rule; Spain and
France support
the American
colonists
How did the American Revolution
Affect Spanish Texas?
– Bernardo de Galvez:
Spanish governor of
Louisiana who helped
the American colonists
by opening port of New
Orleans for supplies:
weapons, clothing,
money, medical supplies
– Spanish efforts kept
New Orleans and the
lower Mississippi Valley
out of British hands
How did the American Revolution
Affect Spanish Texas?
– Treaty of Paris (1783) ended
war; established peace b/w
Great Britain and U.S.
(America wins!)
• Britain recognizes
American Independence
• New boundaries of
America
• In 1790s, Spain stops
funding all Texas missions
• Begins to inspire Mexican
Revolutionaries for
freedom from Spain
Who was Napoleon Bonaparte
(1800)?
–Emperor of
France conquers
most of Europe
–He forces Spain
to give
Louisiana
territory back to
France
NOT this Napoleon!!!
How did the Napoleon affect Spanish
Texas?
– Napoleon later loses
some battles in
Europe and needs
money; so he sells
land in North
America
– He is forced to sell
the Louisiana
Territory to the U.S.
How did the Louisiana Purchase
affect Spanish Texas?
– The Louisiana Purchase
(1803)
• U.S. President
Thomas Jefferson
buys Louisiana
territory (14 current
states) from France
for $15 million
• Result: Anglos
pushed across the
Mississippi River
towards Spanish held
Texas
What was the Neutral Ground Dispute
(1806-1819)?
– U.S. claimed
boundary was
Sabine River and
possibly all of Texas
– Spain claimed
boundary was the
Arroyo Hondo, near
the Calcasieu River
(east of the Sabine
River in Louisiana)
How did the Neutral Ground Dispute
Affect Spanish Texas?
– No government or
ruling authority
– Becomes a hideaway
for filibusters and
mustangers such as
Philip Nolan and
Peter Bean.
What was the Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)?
– Adams-Onis Treaty
(1819) – ended the
dispute, set boundary at
Sabine River and…
• U.S. gets Florida and
gives up claim to
Texas
• Spain gets all land
west of the Sabine
River (i.e., all of
Texas)
• Spain allows
Americans to settle
Texas