LOCALIZING THE MDGS
USING CBMS
Celia M. Reyes
CBMS Network
ICMDGS
Makati, Philippines
October 19-21, 2011
Outline of Presentation
I.
Localizing the MDGs Using CBMS
II.
CBMS: Rationale and Key Features
III.
Provincial MDG Reports
IV.
Concluding Remarks
Meeting the MDGs
requires….

A national strong advocacy and sustained
action to operationalize the goals and targets
at the local level

Vigorous and continuous efforts to raise the
level of awareness of leaders and other
major stakeholders

Promoting policy and pragmatic
interventions to realize the goals and targets

Building on gains and opportunities offered
by existing collaboration and evolving
partnerships among key stakeholders
MDGs: Issues &
Challenges (1)

The MDGs have accelerated demand for
data and highlighted limitations in their
availability and quality.

A number of countries do not have enough
data to track changes in poverty and child
malnutrition, and in most countries serious
data quality issues exist in measuring
maternal mortality and access to water and
sanitation.
MDGs: Issues &
Challenges (2)

Resource and capacity constraints
hamper local government units’ efforts to
address the MDGs:






Lack of data at the local level to track MDGs
Little local awareness of MDGs framework
Limited capacity to integrate MDGs into
local planning process
Limited capacity to cost and allocate local
budgets to reach MDGs
Limited capacity to monitor the MDGs
To fast track the achievement of the goals,
there is a need to localize the MDGs
Why “Localize the MDGs”?
The global MDGs provide a development
framework in terms of measurable targets
Localizing the MDGs helps in making local
development strategies more focused and
more strategic
What does “Localizing the
MDGs” mean?
Having a local development plan that
incorporates MDG targets and corresponding
budget allocation for MDG-responsive PPAs
 Adopting local policies that facilitate the
achievement of the MDGs
 Establishing a local monitoring system to
benchmark LGU contribution in the attainme
of MDG targets and to track down
accomplishments vis-à-vis targets
 Improving delivery of basic services to ensure
achievement of the MDGs
 inclusion of accomplishment of MDG targets a
one of the performance commitments of the
LGUs

Why Localize the MDGs?

It is an important way to align MDGs with
national long-term planning

MDG should not be a national initiative alone

Local governments are required to provide
basic services – education, health, etc. –
spectrum that covers many of the MDGs

MDG targets can be used as guide for
assessing local situation and establish clear
social and human development priorities at
the local level
Why Use CBMS to Localize
the MDGs
 A number of indicators being monitored in the CBMS
are included in the indicators for monitoring progress
towards the MDGs
 CBMS is intended to be done on a regular basis and
can therefore be used for updating MDG indicators and
facilitating preparation of regular MDG reports
 The CBMS can also be used as basis by national and
local governments for costing and identifying
appropriate interventions needed to achieve the MDGs as
well as for resource allocation
 Given the large spatial disparities, the CBMS can help
identify where focus has to be given to achieve the
targets
UN ESCAP Asia Pacific Regional MDG Road Map
The CBMS’ role in localizing the MDGs was
recognized during an Experts Group Meeting
on Localizing the MDGs held on November 28,
2006 at the United Nations Economic and
Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific
(UN ESCAP) in Bangkok, Thailand
The Committee on Poverty Reduction
composed of 24 nations states urged other
developing countries to initiate and implement
similar innovative systems that would help
localize the MDGs.
In 2008, the UN ESCAP also included the “Localizing the MDGs through
CBMS” initiative of the CBMS Network in the list of specific initiatives to be
implemented under the regional Millennium Development Goals (MDG) road
map.
Enabling Local Policies

DILG MC 2004-152 “Guide to LGU in the
Localization of the MDGs dated Nov. 10, 2004
which suggests



diagnosis of local situation using local indicator
monitoring system (such as CBMS) to monitor and
diagnose the nature and extent of poverty at their
level.
use the 13+1 core indicators in order to determine
appropriate interventions and focus targeting.
DILG MC 2003-92 “ Policy Guidelines for the
Adoption of the Core Local Poverty
Indicators (CLPIs) in Planning”

The guidelines were meant to aid the LGUs in
assessing and understanding poverty situation and
formulation of poverty reduction action plans
CBMS in the Philippines

CBMS is implemented by local government units
(LGUs) and intended to complement the national
monitoring system.

CBMS methodology and instruments were
developed over the years by the CBMS-Philippines
Research Team with support from the
International Development Research Centre
(IDRC)-Canada.

To date, CBMS is being adopted by local
government units in 65 provinces (33 of which are
province-wide), 764 municipalities and 49 cities
covering at least 20,382 barangays in collaboration
with the National Anti-Poverty Commission
(NAPC), the Department of Interior and Local
Government (DILG), and selected non-government
organizations.
Rationale for CBMS Work
Lack of necessary disaggregated data for:
 Diagnosing extent of poverty at the local
level
 Determining the causes of poverty
 Formulating appropriate policies and
program
 Identifying eligible beneficiaries
 Assessing impact of policies and
programs
Need for support mechanisms for the
implementation of the decentralization
policy
Central Issues in Poverty
Reduction
1.
The who, the where and the why of
poverty: identification and targeting of
the poor to enhance the effectiveness of
anti-poverty initiatives and programs
2.
The what and when of anti-poverty
programs: identification of
interventions/ investments that have the
highest impact on poverty
THE WHO, THE WHERE AND THE
WHY OF POVERTY: SOME DATA
ISSUES
1.
Official statistics are reliable down to the regional
and provincial levels only (i.e. the sampling design o
many of these surveys provide estimates of the
variables only at the regional or at best,provincial
level.)
2.
The collection of data is few and far in between, an
processing adds a few more years so that its
usefulness for policy design diminishes.
3.
And yet, local government units, under the law, are
the front-liners in the fight against poverty and are
mandated to assume the primary responsibility fo
the provision of basic services and facilities and the
improvement of the quality of life of their
Available
Implementing Frequency of
Sources of Data
Agency
Collection
Data Obtained
Family Income
and
Expenditures
Survey (FIES)
NSO
Every 3 years
Family income and
living expenditures and
related information
affecting income and
expenditure levels and
patterns in the
Philippines including
poverty incidence
Annual Poverty
Indicator
Survey (APIS)
NSO
Every year
wherein FIES
is not
conducted
Socioeconomic profiles
of families and other
information relating to
their living conditions
but not poverty
incidence
National
Nutritional
Survey (NNS)
FNRI
Every 5 years
Food situation and
nutritional status of the
population
Available
Sources of Data
Implementing Frequency of
Agency
Collection
Data Obtained
Census of
Population and
Housing (CPH)
NSO
Every 10
years
Size, composition and
distribution of
population in the
Philippines
Functional
Literacy,
Education and
Mass Media
Survey (FLEMMS)
NSO
Irregular
Number of functionally
literate population and
their socioeconomic
characteristics
National
Demographic
and Health
Survey (NDHS)
NSO
Every 5 years
Demographic, maternal
and child health issues
in the Philippines
Labor Force
Survey (LFS)
NSO
Every quarter
of the year
Levels and trends of
employment,
unemployment and
underemployment
Decentralization creates new information demands
that may be best satisfied with CBMS
Administrative Structure
Information Availability
CBMS can fill
the gap
National
Provincial
National
surveys
Municipal/City
CBMS
Village/Barangay
CBMS Design

It is designed as an organized process of data
collection, processing, validation, and integration
of data in the local development processes

A tool intended for improved governance and
greater transparency and accountability in
resource allocation

CBMS generates a core set of indicators that are
being measured to determine the welfare status
of the population. These indicators capture the
multidimensional aspects of poverty.
CBMS captures simultaneous deprivations
for the same household at the same time.

It uses freeware customized for CBMS-data
encoding, processing and poverty mapping
Key Features of CBMS
Involves a census of all households in a
community
LGU-based while promoting community
participation
Taps existing LGU-personnel/community
members as monitors
Has a core set of indicators but system is
flexible enough to accommodate additional
indicators
Establishes database at each geopolitical
level
CBMS Core Indicators
CBMS Indicators
Dimensions of Poverty
Core Indicators
Survival
•Health
•Food & Nutrition
•H20 & Sanitation
1. Child deaths (0-5 yrs. old)
2. Women deaths due to pregnancy
-related causes
3. Malnourished children (0-5 yrs. old)
4. HHs w/o access to safe water
5. HHs w/o access sanitary toilet
Security
•Shelter
•Peace & Order
6. HHs who are squatters
7. HHs living in makeshift housing
8. HHs victimized by crimes
•Income
•Employment
•Education
9. HHs w/income below poverty threshold
10. HHs w/income below food threshold
11. HHs who experienced food shortage
12. Unemployment
13. Elementary school participation
14. High school participation
Enabling
CBMS Process
Step 1
Advocacy /
Organization
Step 2
Data Collection
and
Field Editing
(Training Module 1)
Step 8
Plan Formulation
(Training Module 4)
Data Encoding
and
Map Digitizing
(Training Module 2)
Step 4
Dissemination/
Implementation
and
Monitoring
Step 7
Step 3
Processing and
Poverty Mapping
(Training Module 3)
Step 6
Knowledge
(Database)
Management
Step 5
Data validation
and
Community
Consultation
Sample CBMS Outputs
Households with children 12-15 years who are not in
secondary school, Barangay 179, Pasay City
123 out of
326 children
12-15 years
old are not
attending
secondary
school
Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who are
malnourished, by municipality
Province of Marinduque, 2005
Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who
are malnourished, by barangay
Province of Marinduque, 2005
Proportion of children aged 0-5 years old who are
malnourished, by purok and location of households
Municipality of Torrijos, Marinduque, 2005
Current Uses and
Applications of CBMS
 Local
development planning and
budgeting
 Monitoring
the achievement of the
millennium development goals (MDGs)
 Poverty
diagnosis, design and targeting
of interventions
 Program
impact monitoring
 Monitoring
the impacts of policy shocks
MDG
Goal 1: Eradicate
Extreme Poverty
CBMS Core Indicator
Proportion of households with income
less than the poverty threshold
Proportion of households with income
below the food threshold
Proportion of 0-5 year old children who
are moderately and severely underweight
Proportion of households who eat less
than 3 full meals a day
Proportion of persons who are
unemployed
MDG
Goal 2: Achieve
Universal primary
Education
Core Indicator
Proportion of 6-11 year old children
who are not in elementary school
Proportion of 12-15 year old children
who are not in secondary school
Proportion of 6-16 year old children
who are not attending school
Goal 3: Promote
Gender
Equality
Ratio of girls to boys in primary and
secondary education
Ratio of literate women to men
Goal 4: Reduce
Child mortality
Proportion of children under 5 years
old who died
MDG
Core Indicator
Goal 5: Improve
Maternal Health
Proportion of women who died due to
pregnancy-related causes
Goal 6: Combat
HIV/AIDS, Malaria
and other diseases
Incidence of malaria
Incidence and deaths associated with
tuberculosis
Proportion of households without
access to safe water
Goal 7. Ensure
environmental
sustainability
Proportion of households without
access to sanitary toilet facilities
Proportion of households who are
informal settlers
Proportion of households with
makeshift housing
MDG
Goal 8. Global
partnerships for
development
Core Indicator
Telephone lines per 100 populations
Cellular subscribers per 100 population
Internet connections per 100
households
Access to affordable medicines through
Botika ng Barangay ( village level)
Preparation of Provincial MDG
Reports Initiative
•Involved 10 provinces that have
implemented CBMS
•UNDP Philippines, through
NEDA, provided support
•CBMS Philippines Team
provided technical assistance to
the provinces
Why Provincial MDG Reports?
Aside from giving local meaning to the global
MDGs, Provincial MDG Reports can build support
and momentum for the MDGs from the bottom up.
In particular, they can:
 Increase ownership of the MDGs at the local
level;
 Identify the many faces of poverty;
 Adapt the MDGs to local needs and priorities;
 Reorient local planning towards the MDGs;
 Link local development plans to the national
poverty reduction strategy;
 Strengthen LGU capacity; and
 Focus donor attention on local needs and raise
funds.
With less than five years to go before 2015 when the eight anti-poverty goals should have
been achieved, CBMS-based reports on the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) of nine
provinces in the Philippines released last year highlighted disparities between their status
and the 2015 national targets.
Meeting the MDGs Using
CBMS
Camarines Norte
CBMS results in the province were used for
the following:
1. Preparation of barangay profile and assessment of
the Situation of Women and Children in the 19
disparity barangays under the Country Programme
for Children (CPC). Output of which is a 3-year
Barangay Development Plan containing programs
and projects which are MDG related.
2. Preparation of project proposals that were submitted
for funding. Most of these are MDG related such as
the provision of facilities on water and sanitation
which were positively responded with a total
amount of P2.2M.
Meeting the MDGs Using
CBMS
Camarines Norte
CBMS results in the province were used for
the following:
3. Selection of beneficiaries of the Focus - Food
Production Assistance for Vulnerable Sectors
(FPVAS) funded by the European Commission (EC)
with counterpart fund from the Seameo Regional
Center for Graduate Study and Research in
Agriculture
(SEARCA)
and
the
provincial
government. The project aims to reduce poverty,
improve well being of the farmers and ensure access
to safe food, particularly the vulnerable sectors;
4. Selection of waterless municipalities submitted to
DILG Central Office. Two municipalities (Basud and
Capalonga) are now recipient of the MDGF 1919
program.
Meeting the MDG Targets
on Health
Eastern Samar & Marinduque
PRIORITY PROGRAMS
Improving access to Facility-Based Deliveries:
Basic Essential Obstetrics and Neonatal Care
(BEONC)
Improving access to Basic Emergency
Obstetrics and Newborn Care (BEmONC) and
Comprehensive Emergency Obstetrics and
Newborn Care (CEmONC)
Improving access of geographically isolated
and disadvantaged areas (GIDAs) to hospitals.
DISTRICT
HOSPITAL
(Proposed
CEmOC);
w/ BEmOC
functions
CEmOC
JIPAPAD
ARTECHE
SAN POLICARPO
ORAS-ARTECHE
ORAS
DOLORES
MASLOG
CAN-AVID
TAFT
TAFT
RHU BEmOC
SULAT
HOSP BEmOC
SAN JULIAN
RHU
BORONGAN
BORONGAN
MAYDOLONG
BALANGKAYAN
LLORENTE
ILHZ
Borongan
Balangiga
Guiuan
Taft
Oras-Arteche
LAWAAN
BALANGIGA
BALANGIGA
HERNANI
GEN MACARTHUR
SALCEDO
MERCEDES
Mercedes GUIUAN
GUIUAN
MANICANI
SULUAN
HOMONHON
Travel Time from RHU to its Referral Hospital
TRAVEL TIME:
Lucena City
Less than 30min
30min to 1 hr
More than 1 hr
LEGEND:
Municipal Hospital
District Hospital
Provincial Hospital
GIDA 3
GIDA 1
GIDA 2
RHU
Level I
Level II
Level III
Sentrong Sigla I
GIDA 1 Brgys:
GIDA 3 brgy
Tumagabok,
Talawan
Tambunan, Sabong
GIDA 2 Brgys:
Canat,Boi,Bayuti
Meeting the MDGs
Agusan del Sur
Programs/Policies
Assistance
Support
to Employment Generation Program
Research
Youth
for Marginalized Rice Farmers
& Dev’t Studies on Livelihood & Entrepreneurship
Development & Livelihood Program
2010
2011
2M
2M
2.2 M
2.2 M
0.275 M
0.275 M
0.550 M
0.55 M

Integrated Social Dev’t Assistance Program/ Medical Assistance
3.25 M
3.25 M

Roads and Bridges and other Infra Projects
112.89 M
1.089 B

KALAHI - CIDDS
1.5 M
3.5 M
1.7 M
1.7 M
Co-Management Project – Full productivity of production forest
(19,039 has.) affecting 31,407 population with 29% IPs.

Meeting the MDGs
Agusan del Sur
Tubig Imnonon Natong Agusanon (TINA)
• Distributed 891 units and installed
(14 municipalities)
CBMS ID System
• Launched to
10 out 14
municipalities
(on-going)
Meeting the MDGs
Agusan del Sur
Provincial Scholarship Program
• scholarships to poor and deserving college
students
Environmental Protection Program
Php 21,950,000.00
Meeting the MDGs
Agusan del Sur
PHILHEALTH Sponsored Program
• 58,300 indigent households were enrolled
• Php 8,400,000.00 Provincial counterpart
CONCLUDING REMARKS

There is a strong correspondence between
CBMS indicators and MDG indicators.

CBMS gathers data on the different
dimensions of poverty for the same
household at the same time.
CBMS can be the tool for localizing the
MDGS by providing the monitoring system
to regularly monitor accomplishments
towards the MDGs at the local level
 CBMS facilitates the preparation of MDGresponsive development plans and budgets
 CBMS as a tool for localizing the MDGs is
also being implemented in other CBMS
sites in Indonesia, Kenya, Cambodia, etc.

Coverage of CBMS implementation in the Philippines
as of September 1, 2011
CBMS Network Coordinating
Team
20,382 barangays
in 764 municipalities
and 49 cities
Angelo King Institute for Economic
and
in 65 provinces (33 of which are provincewide)
Business Studies
With Technical
Assistance from:
Rm I-1016, 10th Floor, Angelo
King
DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from WB-ASEM
International Center,
DILG-BLGD and CBMS Team with support from UNFPA
Estrada corner Arellano Streets,
Malate,
DILG-BLGD, DILG Regional offices and CBMS Team
Manila
Eastern Visayas CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
Telefax (632) 5262067
Bicol CBMS TWG and CBMS Team with support from Spanish Government
Email at: celia.reyes@benilde.edu.ph;
MIMAROPA CBMS TWG and CBMS Team
NAPC and CBMS Team with support from UNDP
Website: www.pep-net.org
Dawn Foundation and CBMS Team
Forum: www.cbmsphilippines.webs.com
Social Watch Philippines and CBMS Team
Thank you!
SRTC, SUCs and CBMS Team
Kagabay and CBMS Team
SRTC, NEDA IV-A and CBMS Team
PRRM, SWP and CBMS Team
CBMS Team