Cognitive Theories
of Motivation
Roberts & Glick (1981)
Champoux (1991)
Vroom (1964)
Wood & Bandura (1989)
Agenda – 6/14/05
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Reminders
Questions, Comments, or Concerns
Cognitive Theories of Motivation
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Job Characteristics Theory
Expectancy Theory (VIE Theory)
Social Cognitive Theory
Break
TRP 3
Discussion
Thursday
Reminders
SAP 4 and TRP 4 Thursday
No SAPs or TRPs Next Week
Turn In SAP 3
Please Pass to the Isle and then
Forward to the Front. Thanks
Questions,
Comments, or
Concerns?
How Can Individuals Reduce the
Cognitive Dissonance Associated with
Perceived Inequity? Summarize the Major
Findings of Deci’s Cognitive Evaluation
Theory?
Cognitive Theories of Motivation
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Job Characteristics Theory
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Expectancy Theory
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Vroom (1964)
Key Features and Outcomes
Social Cognitive Theory
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Hackman & Oldham (1971)
Key Features and Outcomes
Wood & Bandura (1989)
Synthesis of Theories
Job Characteristics Theory
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Based on Job Enrichment
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5 Core Job Dimensions to Measure Motivating
Potential Score (MPS)
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Skill Variety, Task Identity, Task Significance, Autonomy,
and Feedback
Lead to 3 Psychological States
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Focus on Characteristics of Job to Motivate
Increase Intrinsic Job Satisfaction
Meaningfulness of Work, Responsibility for Outcomes,
and Knowledge of Results
Depending on Growth Need Strength
JC Model of Motivation
Core Job
Dimensions
Critical Psych
States
Skill
Variety
Task Identity
Meaningful
Work Exp.
Task
Sig,
Autonomy
Feedback
Personal and
Work Outcome
Increased
Intrinsic
Motivation
High Quality
Work
Responsibility
for Outcomes
Knowledge of
Results
Employee Growth Need Strength
High Work
Satisfaction
Reduced
Absenteeism
and Turnover
Expectancy Theory
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Valence, Expectancy, and Instrumentality
Force = V x I x E
Flexible Model
Mixed Empirical Results
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Due to Methodological Issues
Reliance on “Economic Man”
On the Road to Goal Setting Theory
Social Cognitive Theory
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Based on Social Learning
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Self-Esteem vs. Self-Efficacy
Self-Efficacy Leads to Effort which Leads to
Performance
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Available Role Model, Motive to Model, Reward to Model,
and Feedback about Modeling
Level of Self-Efficacy Determines Difficulty of Goals
Interact with Environmental Factors to Predict
Behavior
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Begins Cycle of Behavior Reinforcing Beliefs Leading to
Self-Selection into Successful Environments
Synthesis
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The Choice Is Yours
Affect vs. Cognition
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Which Comes First?
All Theories Assume that People Are
Rationale
Relevance of Goals
Any Managerial Usefulness?
Break
Take a 20 Minute Break
TRP 3
Discussion
Can You Take These Theories to
Work?
Thursday
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SAP 4 and TRP 4
Goal Setting Theory
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Locke et al. (1981)
Eden (1988)
Eden (1984)
Davidson & Eden (2000)
On to Leadership