Chapter 3 Test Review
Vocabulary
The period from 1400-1600
is known as the _____
because of a rebirth of
interest in learning.
Renaissance
This system of government
in the Middle Ages
involved powerful lords
ruling small kingdoms.
Feudalism
Ships whose triangular
sails and rudders enabled
them to sail against the
wind.
caravels
The compass and the
astrolabe helped improve
the _____ skills of sailors.
navigation
English, French and Dutch
explorers all searched for
a ______ through the
Americas.
Northwest Passage
After 1492, Europeans
organized these types of
settlements in the
Americas.
Colonies
During the Middle Ages,
most people lived on these
pieces of land that were
ruled by lords.
Manors
The Aztecs and Incas were
conquered by Spanish men
such as Cortes and Pizarro who
were known by this Spanish
name.
Conquistadors
The narrow passageway of
water that separates
Alaska from Asia is one of
many ____.
Straights
This word means that
women are the dominant
gender in a society
matrilineal
People:
This Greek’s book
contained maps and charts
that showed lines of
latitude and longitude.
Ptolemy
He traveled to China in
1271 with his father and
uncle and wrote a book
about it.
Marco Polo
This pirate caused a war
between England and
Spain; he became a knight.
Drake
A Catholic monk who
protested certain Catholic
practices and teachings.
Luther
His invention made books
cheaper and more
available.
Gutenburg
Known as the “Navigator,”
he set up a school to teach
sailors how to navigate.
Prince Henry of
Portugal
Started the Church of
England because of a
disagreement with the
Pope.
Henry VIII
Helped conquer the Aztecs
by serving as a translator.
Dona Marina
Discovered America in
1492 while searching for a
western trade route to
Asia.
Columbus
Spaniard who conquered
the Aztecs.
Cortes
Portuguese sailor who led
an expedition to
circumnavigate the earth
for Spain.
Magellan
Explored and named
Florida while searching for
the mythical fountain of
youth.
Ponce de Leon
Discovered the Mississippi
River while exploring the
southeast (near Arkansas)
searching for the 7 cities of
gold.
De Soto
Sailed to present day NY
for the Dutch and sailed
later for the British.
Hudson
French explorer who
discovered and sailed into
the St. Lawrence River
while looking for the NW
passage.
Cartier
Sailed around Africa to
India for Portugal.
Da Gama
Crossed the Isthmus of
Panama and discovered
the Pacific Ocean (named
it the South Sea)
Balboa
Spaniard who explored the
Southwestern U.S. searching
for the 7 cities of gold and has
an island named for him in San
Diego.
Coronado
Italian who sailed along the
coast of South America
and for whom America is
named.
Vespucci
Explored Atlantic coast of
North America for France
while looking for the NW
passage.
Verrazano
Explored Atlantic coast of
North America for England
while looking for the NW
passage.
Cabot
Rounded the tip of Africa
and gave the King of
Portugal hope for a new
water route to Asia.
Dias
Spaniard who conquered
the Incas.
Pizarro
Multiple Choice
From where did the first
Americans come?
From Asia across a
land bridge
What development made
the permanent settlements
such as Pueblo Bonito and
Cliff Palace possible?
Farming
What type of government
was the Iroquois
Confederacy?
Representative
democracy
How has the Iroquois
constitution survived over
400 years?
Each generation had
to memorize it
How did the Iroquois resolve
disputes?
•Two decision groups with a
third that could veto
•Decisions had to be unanimous
•each chief had to repeat the
issue and the other opinions
before stating his own.
True or false: Iroquois
households were headed
by the men.
False.
True or false: Iroquois
society is patriarchal.
False
True or false: Men elect
Iroquois chiefs.
False
True or false: All Iroquois
chiefs are male.
True
Where was the Preamble of the
Iroquois Constitution read
aloud?
The US Constitutional
Convention
During the Middle Ages,
most people’s main
concern was this:
survival
How did the Portuguese
hope to reach Asia?
• By sailing around Africa
What do Bartolomeu Dias
and Vasco da Gama have in
common?
They both tried to find
a sea route to India for
Portugal.
For what were the Spanish
explorers looking?
• God
• Glory
• Gold
• (wealth and glory)
For what were the French
explorers looking?
• NW passage
For what were the English &
Dutch explorers looking?
• NW passage
Why did the Vikings leave their
home in Europe and begin
explorations in America?
Needed more food to feed their
people
What was the purpose of
the Crusades?
To conquer the Hold Land from
the Muslim Turks
What were the results of
the Crusades?
•More trade
•Introduction of new products to
Europe
What was one result of the
Renaissance that helped
encourage exploration?
New, practical discoveries
How did the astrolabe help
sailors navigate?
It helped them determine their
latitude
How did Columbus plan on
reaching Asia?
Sail west to get to the east
For which nation did
Columbus sail?
Spain
How did the Conquistadors
defeat the Aztecs and Incas even
though they had smaller
armies?
•Modern weapons,
•horses,
•disease
What things helped Cortez
conquer the Aztecs?
•Dona Marina,
•Legend of Quetzacoatl,
•Help from Indian allies
What thing had happened
to the Incan empire that
made it easier for Pizarro to
conquer it?
Civil war
The Spaniards built this
city on the ruins of the
Aztec’s capital.
Mexico City
Which explorer discovered
the true size of the earth?
Magellan
What continent did Ponce
de Leon, De Soto, and
Coronado all explore?
North America
Giovanni da Verrazano and
Jacques Cartier both sailed
for what country?
France
The Line of Demarcation
was drawn by the Pope to
do what?
Divide the world between Spain
and Portugal.
What was the Protestant
Reformation trying to
reform?
The Catholic Church
What was an unfortunate
result of the Protestant
Reformation?
Wars between
European countries
Why did Henry VIII break away
from the Catholic Church and
begin the Church of England?
He wanted a divorce from
Catherine of Aragon and the
Pope wouldn’t grant it.
Name three of the complaints
that Martin Luther included in
the 95 Theses that he nailed to
the church door
•Salvation by faith alone
•Authority of the Pope
•Indulgences
What did the Sea Dogs of
England do that caused a
lot of anger?
Raided Spanish
treasure fleets.
How did England break
Spain’s superpower
status?
Defeated the Spanish
Armada.
In approximately what year
did the Vikings reach
Newfoundland?
1100
Name reasons why
Europeans began to explore.
•Tools of navigation
•Interest in trade
•New tastes and pleasures;
•Competition between countries
•Crusades
•Renaissance
•End of Feudalism
•Rise of nation states
•Printing press; Polo’s Book