EMODnet Chemistry
Nutrients in the Danish part of the North Sea
Martin M. Larsen & Jonas K. Rømer, Aarhus University
Jamboree, October 19-22, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Current status
Example for NOx:
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Drivers for nutrients
Why is time trends and patterns interesting?
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The south-east area of the North Sea is generally eutrophic
In Denmark, the eutrophication was first really accepted as a
major problem in the 1980’ies, resulting in the first National
Action Plan for the Aquatic Environment in 1987
A recent Holistic assessment have just been published online 09
May, 2015 (Open access):
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Recovery of Danish Coastal Ecosystems after reduction of
Nutrient Loading: A holistic ecosystem approach (Riemann et al,
Estuaries and Coast)
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Some of the data in this gives a better understanding of the
drivers for nutrient concentrations in the North Sea in general
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Danish starting point
Situation in 1987
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Increasing nutrient loads from agriculture, industry and urban
area development from the 1950ies to 1980ies
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The first National Action Plan for the Aquatic Environment
(APEA) 1987 focused on:
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Increased algea, loss of seagrass habitats and anoxia events
(especially in 1985) caused political action
Agriculture (mainly N-reduction)
Urban waste water treatment plants (mainly P-reduction)
Industries with seperate discharges
Several following APEAs was focused on N-reductions,
incrementally decreasing the N input to the Aquatic Environment
Some graphs to indicate the rate of reduction in discharges…
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Reduction through APEAs
Stations examined by Riemann et al (2015)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Reduction through APEAs
Nutrient release from 1980 to 2013 (Riemann et al 2015)
• Point sources data averaged for 1981-89
due to lack of information
• Point sources: TN reduced by 75%, TP
by >90% from 1980ies to present
• Diffuse sources mainly N-reduction to
around 43% in 2013 (scaled from 5 large
catchment areas)
• TN ~100.000 to 55.000 ton/year (13.000)
• TP ~10.000 to 2.400 ton/year (730)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Reduction through APEAs
Concentration trends (Riemann et al 2015)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Reduction through APEAs
Pressures (Riemann et al 2015)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Reduction through APEAs
Indicators (Riemann et al 2015)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Where does EMODnet fit in?
Why do we need EMODnet?
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”The use of conceptual and numerical models to test recovery
and restoration scenarios as well as legislative frameworks
focusing on specific targets, measures and tolerable deviations
often lack information from empirical data for validation” Rieman
et al. 2015
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EMODnet adds direct access to all european empirical data, and
also establishes the possibility to see changes in 3D by DIVA
interpolation of these data (2D maps over three decades)
This makes it possible to visually check the development of the
real (not only model) environment drawing data from most (all)
European data-sources
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Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
EMODnet NO3 data
1985
2005
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
1990
2009
3D animation
NOx winter concentrations (before harmonisation)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
3D animation
PO4 winter concentrations (before harmonisation)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
3D animation
SiO winter concentrations (before harmonisation)
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Status Nutrients North Sea
• DIVA interpolation ready to use on website
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NO3, PO4, SiO (NH4?)
• DIVA interpolations prepared and ready to upload
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NOx, (NH4?)
• DIVA interpolations ready to be performed
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TP, TN, NO2
• Data not ready for DIVA interpolation (missing data, mainly
data available in the Baltic Sea-region)
• O2, Chlorophyll
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
Source
Estuaries and Coasts
DOI 10.1007/s12237-015-9980-0 (published online 09 May 2015 as Open Access)
Recovery of Danish Coastal Ecosystems After Reductions in Nutrient Loading:
A Holistic Ecosystem Approach
Bo Riemann1, Jacob Carstensen1, Karsten Dahl1, Henrik Fossing2, Jens W. Hansen2,
Hans H. Jakobsen1, Alf B. Josefson1, Dorte Krause-Jensen2, Stiig Markager1,
Peter A. Stæhr1, Karen Timmermann1, Jørgen Windolf2 and Jesper H. Andersen3
Bo Riemann bri@bios.au.dk
1 Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
2 Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Vejlsøvej 25, 8600 Silkeborg, Denmark
3 NIVA Denmark Water Research, Ørestads Boulevard 73, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium
BREAKING NEWS
Biological Reviews
DOI: 10.1111/brv.12221 (published online 14 October 2015 as Open Access)
Long-term temporal and spatial trends in eutrophication status of the Baltic Sea
Jesper H. Andersen1,2,3,*, Jacob Carstensen2,4, Daniel J. Conley5, Karsten Dromph2,4,6,
Vivi Fleming-Lehtinen3,7, Bo G. Gustafsson8, Alf B. Josefson4, Alf Norkko3,9, Anna
Villnäs9 and Ciarán Murray4
jha@niva-danmark.dk)
1 NIVA Denmark Water Research, Ørestads Boulevard 73, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark
2 Baltic Nest Institute, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
3 Marine Research Centre, Finnish Environment Institute, Mechelininkatu 34A, 00251 Helsinki, Finland
4 Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
5 Department of Geology, Geobiosphere Science Centre, Lund University, Sölvesgatan 12, 22362 Lund, Sweden
6 Lundbeck Pharma, Ottilavej 9, 2500 Valby, Denmark
7 HELCOM Secretariat, Katajanokanlaituri 6B, 00160 Helsinki, Finland
8 Baltic Nest Institute, Baltic Sea Centre, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 21A, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden
9 Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, JA Palmenin tie 260, 10900 Hanko, Finland
Jamboree, October 21, 2015, Oostende, Belgium