Pretest
Chapter 2
1. What instrument would you use to measure temperature?
2. Which of the following is a unit of volume?
a. gram
b. atmosphere
c. meter
d. liter
3. What characteristic of matter can you measure using a
graduated cylinder?
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Pretest (continued)
Chapter 2
4. The sides of a cube are 2 cm by 2 cm. What is the volume of
the cube?
5. What additional quantity would you need to calculate the
density of the cube described in Question 4?
6. Which of the following is NOT studied in chemistry?
a. composition of matter
b. reactions of substances
c. properties of materials
d. motion of large objects
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Interest Grabber
Section 2.1
Classifying Items
People classify objects for different reasons. Classifying foods
into groups, such as grains, vegetables, and fruits helps people
plan meals that maintain a healthy diet. Biologists classify
organisms into groups that have similar characteristics, which
makes the relationships among organisms easier to see.
1. Devise a classification system for the following items:
orange, lime, plum, apple, pear, rose, violet, daisy, gold,
and silver.
2. Explain what criteria you used to place items into each
category of your classification system.
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Reading Strategy
Section 2.1
Previewing
a. substance
b. compound
c. and d. homogeneous mixture or heterogeneous mixture
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Interest Grabber
Section 2.2
Distinguishing Features
Physical characteristics can be used to describe and
distinguish a person from other people. An accurate physical
description can often be used to identify a person in a
crowd. Practice identifying physical characteristics with the
animals listed below. Your teacher will supply you with
pictures of each animal.
lion
ocelot
tiger
cheetah
leopard
bobcat
1. What characteristics make these animals similar?
2. What characteristics make them different?
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Reading Strategy
Section 2.2
Building Vocabulary
a. The tendency of a liquid to resist flowing
b. The ability of a solid to be hammered without shattering
c. The temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to liquid.
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Melting and Boiling Points
of Some Substances
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Figure 12
Interest Grabber
Safety Symbols
It is important to pay
attention to warning labels
when working with
chemicals. Look at the
safety symbols at the right.
Write a brief statement for
each symbol explaining
what actions you need to
take to avoid a possible
danger.
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Section 2.3
Reading Strategy
Section 2.3
Previewing
a. Copper roof changing color from red to green when
exposed to moist air
b. Formation of carbon dioxide gas when vinegar is added
to baking soda
c. Formation of cottage cheese curds when acid is added
to milk
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Reading Strategy
Section 2.3
Previewing
a. Copper roof changing color from red to green when
exposed to moist air
b. Formation of carbon dioxide gas when vinegar is added
to baking soda
c. Formation of cottage cheese curds when acid is added
to milk.
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Pretest Answers
Chapter 2
1. What instrument would you use to measure temperature?
a thermometer
2. Which of the following is a unit of volume?
a.
b.
c.
d.
gram
atmosphere
meter
liter
3. What characteristic of matter can you measure using a
graduated cylinder?
volume
Click the mouse button to display the answers.
Pretest Answers
Chapter 2
(continued)
4. The sides of a cube are 2 cm by 2 cm. What is the volume of
the cube?
8 cm3
5. What additional quantity would you need to calculate the
density of the cube described in Question 4?
the cube’s mass
6. Which of the following is NOT studied in chemistry?
a.
b.
c.
d.
composition of matter
reactions of substances
properties of materials
motion of large objects
Click the mouse button to display the answers.
Interest Grabber
Section 2.1
Answers
1. Devise a classification system for the following items: orange,
lime, plum, apple, pear, rose, violet, daisy, gold, and silver.
2. Explain what criteria you used to place items into each
category of your classification system.
Answers may vary. Sample answer: Fruit—orange, lime,
plum, apple, pear; Flower—rose, violet, daisy; and Element—
gold, silver. You could also classify the list based on whether
or not the item is a color name.
Interest Grabber
Section 2.2
Answers
1. What characteristics make these animals similar?
Answers will vary. All the animals have four legs, fur, sharp
teeth, and a tail.
2. What characteristics make them different?
Answers will vary. There are differences in color, size, and
shape of face and body.
Interest Grabber
Section 2.3
Answers
A. No flames, sparks, or exposed
sources of heat should be
present during an experiment.
B. When working with poisonous
or irritating vapors, work in a
well-ventilated area. Avoid
inhaling a vapor directly.
C. Avoid getting corrosive
chemicals on skin or clothing,
or in the eyes.
D. Tie back long hair and loose
clothing, and put on safety
goggles before using a burner.
Go Online
Chapter 2
More on the issue of arsenic-treated wood
Self-grading assessment
Articles on properties of matter
For links on mixtures, go to www.SciLinks.org and enter
the Web Code as follows: ccn-1021.
For links on chemical and physical changes, go
to www.SciLinks.org and enter the Web Code as
follows: ccn-1023.