THE AMERICAN PATRIOTS
“Give Me Liberty or Give Me Death”
History Background
Life in the Colonies
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http://www.history.com/topics/colonialgovernment-and-politics/videos#colonists-protestbritish-policies
http://www.history.com/topics/colonialeconomy/videos#the-sons-of-liberty-and-theboston-tea-party
http://www.history.com/videos/first-revolutionarybattle-at-lexington--concord#first-revolutionarybattle-at-lexington--concord
Life in the Colonies
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The British were broke due to the French and Indian
War. Therefore they taxed the colonies to make up for
it.
The Sugar Act taxes molasses (making their cheap rum
expensive)
The Stamp Act (tax on every piece of paper)
The Townsend Act (taxes to pay for judges etc) and the
Townsend Acts ended in the Boston Massacre(British
officers being harassed, shot into the crowd killing five
people)
The Tea Act: required to purchase British teas (but it
was taxed). Dumped tea into the harbor.
Lexington and Concord
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April 19, 1775
The British came to seize firearms from Lexington,
MA
After shots were fired and four lay dead, the British
moved on to Concord.
At Concord North Bridge, the militia were waiting
and fought off the British.
The British retreated and were harassed by the
Minutemen the entire way back to Boston.
Speech Devices
Ethos, Pathos, Logos, Antithesis, Claim, Rhetorical
Question, Voice, Style, Alliteration, Anecdote,
Analogy,
Logical Appeals rely on clear reasoning
and sound evidence to influence a
reader’s thinking.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PplMj
gh_QlM&list=PLB759AD429C749932
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 Emotional appeals use language and
images that will influence a reader’s
feelings.
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F0
OVngTHkNg&list=PLB759AD429C749
932
 Ethical Appeals use tone and approach to appeal to a
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reader’s sense of fairness.
Ethos also is used to refer to someone’s authority and
credibility.
Ethical appeal:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DQ9du3fMb28
Ethos appeal:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2sdM8mZEI6Q
Thesis Statements
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Helps to organize your thoughts and tell your reader where
you are going.
Usually has three subpoints.
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Take on a subject upon which reasonable people could disagree
Deal with a subject that can be adequately treated given the nature
of the assignment (don’t bite off more than you can chew)
Express one main idea (stay focused on one argument)
Assert your conclusions about a subject (don’t be afraid to take a
stand; argue for it)
Repetition and Parallel Structure
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Repetition: Repeating the same phrase over and
over again.
 Last
night Japanese forces attacked Hong Kong
 Last night Japanese forces attacked Guam
 Last night Japanese forces attacked the Philippine
Islands.
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Parallel Structure: Putting things in a similar
grammatical structure.
 The
far and the near, the home counties and the back,
the rich and the poor, shall suffer or rejoice alike.
Antithesis and Claim
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Antithesis:
 the
placing of a sentence or one of its parts against
another to which it is opposed to form a balanced
contrast of ideas, as in “Give me liberty or give me
death.”
 the second sentence or part thus set in opposition, as
“or give me death.”
 Kind of like parallel structure…
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Claim
 The
writer’s or speaker’s position on an issue or problem
Rhetorical Question
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Rhetorical question: Asking a question you don’t
expect an answer to. This will make your listeners
think about what you are saying and will get their
attention.
It also works to endear the speaker to the listener
(ethos).
Poetic Devices
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Alliteration: Rhyme of initial sounds of neighboring
words
 Dressy
Daffodils
 “Sings a solitary song” –Wordsworth
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Anecdote: a short tale that is interesting or amusing
and illustrates a point.
Analogy: Two words (or things) compared to each
other. This usually makes a point or makes something
easier to understand.
Funny Analogies
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The little boat gently drifted across the pond
exactly the way a bowling ball wouldn’t.
Her hair glistened in the rain like a nose hair after a
sneeze.
She grew on him like she was a colony of E. Coli,
and he was room-temperature Canadian beef.
Her vocabulary was as bad as, like, whatever.
She had a deep, throaty, genuine laugh, like that
sound a dog makes just before it throws up.
Voice and Style
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Voice is the distinct point of view and style of the
author.
Style is the way you write or speak. Sometimes this
is not grammatically correct. If you are writing for a
creative writing class, feel free to use your own
style. However, if you are writing a research paper,
leave style at home. Whatever your style is, make
sure you are consistent.
Patrick Henry
Journal:
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KWL:
What do you KNOW about Patrick Henry?
What do you WANT to know?
Patrick Henry
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Relatively uneducated in his youth.
Realized that he would have to support his family, so he
became a lawyer.
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His specialty was criminal defense.
Appointed to the House of Burgess and the Virginia
Convention.
Became famous for his oratory prowess
Famous lines
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“Give me liberty or give me death”
Caesar had his Brutus, Charles the First his Cromwell, and George
III…” “…may profit by their example. If this be treason, make
the most of it.”
Listen/Read: Patrick Henry
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Speech:http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XvJrSdr
34co
http://www.history.org/almanack/life/politics/give
me.cfm
F.D.R.
F.D.R
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http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PFhY6IaUJ40
Franklin D. Roosevelt
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Served four presidential terms
He followed in his 5th cousin Teddy Roosevelt’s
footsteps.
He is famous for his “New Deal” legislation that was
designed to get the country out of the Great
Depression.
He created Social Security, higher taxes on the
wealthy and work programs for the unemployed.
He was in a wheelchair after a bout with polio and
he died of a cerebral hemorrhage in 1945
F.D.R
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Listen to speech
http://ia700304.us.archive.org/33/items/Franklin
DelanoRooseveltDayOfInfamySpeech/FDR_pearlha
rborspeech.mp3
Compare this speech and Henry’s
Socratic Seminar
Declaration of Independence
Socratic Seminar
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Put the desks into a circle.
Your questions should be on your desk.
One person will start and ask a question.
I will be marking who participates and how much.
I will mute those talking too much.
Hint: If you know the answer or have something to say
about a question, answer that one. Don’t let it get down
to the last minute and then you make up an answer. I
can tell.
This day is worth 75 points. So make it count.
Rules: All disregard for these rules will result in a loss
of points for your participation grade.
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Be respectful
You may not say that someone’s comment is stupid or dumb.
You can disagree, but do so politely. We don’t laugh at
people, we laugh with them.
 Do not talk over one another. If we have to, we will raise our
hands.
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Be thoughtful
Make sure whatever you say moves the conversation
forward and not off track.
 If you know that you have said a lot, give others a chance.
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Stay seated. Don’t raise your voice.
Founding Fathers Philosophy
Framer’s Philosophers
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Nicolo Machiavelli
 Balance
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between forms of government
Thomas Hobbes
 Men
created equal
 All part of a large body
 Different strengths and talents
 Natural condition: state of fear and state of war
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http://www.usconstitution.net/philosophers.html
Framer’s Philosophers
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John Locke
 liberty
needs political order
 Social contract basis for government and fixes its
limitations
 Men are born free and equal
 Government obliged to the creators of it
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Charles de Montesquieu
3
types: republican, monarchial and despotic
 2: democracy and aristocracy
 In a Republic, education is necessary
Framer’s Philosophers
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Thomas Paine
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Monarchy and republic
2 Reasons for Gov: Reason and Ignorance
All men are free and equal
John Stuart Mill
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Utilitarianism: Whatever best provides happiness for the most amount of
people
Harm Principle: Individual free except when their actions harm another
and their rights.
Majority rule, but minority protected.
Freedom of speech
Encourage debate
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You are proven right and your arguments are strengthened
You are proven wrong and you learn something
Thomas Paine
Common Sense
Common Sense
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Thomas Paine
States take care of domestic issues but are subject
to veto under the national government.
Delegations from each state to select president and
to make laws
3/5th vote to make decisions
Key Terms
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Tory: a : a member of a major British political group
favoring royal authority and the established church
and seeking to preserve the traditional political
structure and defeat parliamentary reform
: an American upholding the cause of the British
Crown against the supporters of colonial
independence during the American
Revolution : LOYALIST
Key Terms
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Whig: a member or supporter of a major British
political group of the late 17th through early 19th
centuries seeking to limit the royal authority and
increase parliamentary power
: an American favoring independence from Great
Britain during the American Revolution
Thomas Paine
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Failed at almost everything up until becoming a
journalist.
dropped out of school at 12.
 tried and failed at apprenticing for his father.
 tried to be a sailor.
 worked as a tax officer and was fired four times.
 Then he met Ben Franklin and moved to Philadelphia.
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He then became a soldier and was unsuccessful. But he
did write Crisis No. 1 which helped to inspire the troops.
It was more widely read (as far as percentages go)
than people watch the Super Bowl.
Thomas Paine
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Returned to England
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Fled to France
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Imprisoned for his views.
Wrote The Age of Reason, which was an anti-church text.
Returned to America
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Wrote a book supporting the French Revolution.
This labeled him an anti-monarchist and he had to flee to France.
Was bailed out by James Monroe, the American Ambassador
However, he was unpopular due to his Age of Reason text.
He died friendless and alone in 1809.
Though originally a loyal Englishman, he became sickened by the
corruption in politics and began to believe that America should
secede.
Ben Franklin
Speech at the Virginia Convention
Ben Franklin
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Born in Boston in 1706
He had 16 siblings.
Was an apprentice for his brother James (a printer)
and would help print and distribute.
James started the first Boston newspaper that was
about locals for locals.
Wrote the Silence Dogood letters which were full of
advice and wisdom. When Ben admitted it, his brother
was jealous.
Ran away, was taken in by the Reed family. Later
married their daughter.
Ben Franklin
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Ben and Deborah started their own print shop and she
also helped to run the store, selling fabric, soap and
other goods.
Printed and wrote Poor Richard’s Almanac
Started libraries, worked for paved roads and clean
streets, founded a hospital and a philosophical society
Started a fire insurance company.
Inventions: heat-efficient stove, swim fins and bifocals
Studied electricity and lightning.
Served as an ambassador of sorts to England.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KvmRpmRaRRM
Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson
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Helped establish the public school system
Invented the decimal system
Invented the dumbwaiter
Was a lawyer from a wealthy family
First secretary of state
First vice president
President
Died on July 4th ,1826! 50 years anniversary of the
Declaration
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oXTS4KRa0BA
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jYyttEu_NLU
COMPARE
Bush VS Obama
Look for…
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An example of ethos, pathos, logos in each speech.
Devices: simile, metaphor, allusion, personification,
anecdote, antithesis, rhetorical question, analogy,
parallelism and repetition.
Pretend you are the President’s advisor. Note what
he did well and what he could improve.
Bush Speech
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Campaign Speech:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=z2BeuxCYOOc
Obama Speech
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Analysis of Obama:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OFPwDe22CoY
Osama Bin Laden
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZNYmK19-d0U
Speech Topics
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Cheating
Adoption
Aliens
Big foot
Dieting
Gambling
Gangs
Gun Control
Iraq
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Foreign Language
requirements
Capital punishment
Organ donation
Single Parenting
School uniforms
Physician assisted suicide
Public transit
Smoking
Social security
Recycling