Experience in Nepal
Local Development and Service
Delivery Mechanism In Nepal
Central Level
Ministry
Pre 1990
Donors
Departments
INGO
NGO
1990- 1999 &
2003 - 2007
2000 – 2002
Post 2007
LSGA
Dist Dev
Committee
District Level
Private
Sector
VDC Level
NGOs/
Society
LA Offices
LED Model
Civil
VDC
Missing
1990- 2000 &
Accountability2003 - 2007
Missing
Accountability
Community
Households
Sub-offices
HH
HH
User Groups,
CBOs, Mothers’
Groups, CMCs
Income Education Health Human Security
NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT
•
Post-conflict situation with a poor
investment climate due to difficult political
transition and rising crime: at the same time,
conflict did not destroy infrastructure,
institutional structures, etc
•
Limited decentralized development
investments sustainability and impact for
growth and employment creation due to:
 Short one year planning cycle (dominated
by politicians and local government
officials in the absence of locally elected
representatives)
 Excessive emphasis on community and
household level investments
 Fragmented sectoral approaches to
development (e.g. infrastructure
investments not linked to building key
competitive advantages for growth and
job creation)

The transition of the role of
Government in PSD from ‘managing’ to
‘facilitator’ is slow
NEPAL B.E. CONTEXT (Cont’d/-)
•
High dependency on foreign
remittances: it’s the largest sector of
the economy after agriculture
•
High levels of underemployment
and poverty: Nepal is a landlocked LCD
•
Women, Indigenous People and
Excluded Castes marginalized in
enterprise development and
employment (decision-making and
receipt of benefits)
•
Government does not understand its
(ideal) role as catalyst and
facilitator of private sector-led growth:
it wants to be the manager of PSD!
LED Key principles
Integrated approach
Territorial approach
Sustainability
and
decent work
Good governance
LED strategic planning
The EmPLED process of six phases:
Territorial
Creating
diagnosis
and
institutional
mapping
or
Sensitizing
Coordinate
or create
Designing
promoting an LED implemena local
forum
strategy tation
structures
Evaluating
and
monitoring
activities
EmPLED
LED STEPS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Project formulation
Stakeholder orientation meeting – overview of LED and
EmPLED and promotion of LED Forum.
Data collection for rapid socio-economic profiling (GPRP).
Introductory workshop for all key stakeholders – findings of
GPR profile, consider hypothesis, and decide on immediate
priority areas.
PACA (participatory appraisal of competitive advantage) –
gather additional detailed information on priority areas.
Start-up workshop to agree quick impact activities for
priority areas, establishment of LED Forum and
implementation.
Longer term planning and action plans and leveraging of
support funds.
Implementation, monitoring and evaluation.
LED Forum_ Unique Nepali Public, Private, civil
Society Partnership
TRADE
UNIONS
GOVERNMENT LINE
LED
PRIVATE SECTORS
AGENCIES
Forum
TVET,
BANK,
NGOs,
IP’s & Dalit
EmPLED Nepal’s Components
1.
Capacity Development
of Stakeholders
2.
Food Value Chain
3.
Tourism Value Chain
LED
Forum,
identifies
priority,
area
Food value chain
Training,
network
formation
High value
cropping
seeds
Trainings
Resources
Marketing
training
Experienced
Lead
Farmers/certifi
cation
farmers
Results:
8,000 farmers trained access to
Coope
services/market
rative
40 certified ELF
320 ha Irrigation Command area
LED Radio
developed
Program
30 Km Agriculture Road
16 sq. Km watershed Managed
143,,450 Work days Job created
& income 2-3 $ per day
Training and
income for
farmers
Exposure
visit to
successful
cases
Rupendehi
Irrigation
Canals
CORE
Road
middlemen wholesalers
Link to
Wholesaler
Farmers
Associatio
n & link to
DADO
Markets
LED
Forum,
identifies
priority
Junar value chain
Training,
network
formation
Intercropping
seeds
Marketing
training
Exposure
visit to
Kathmandu
Experienced
Lead Farmers
Results:
1,500 farmers trained
and gain access to
market
170 organised
Sales/Income increased
Road
CORE
Training
Resources
Training and
income for
farmers
farmers
Coope
rative
middlemen wholesalers
Link to
super
market
Markets
Numbur Chees & IP tourism value chain
LED
Cooking,
Exposure Home-stay
Training and
Forum,
home-stay
visit
income for
improvement
identifies
management
local workers
Guide
priority
training
Access road
training
Trail improved
Campsites
developed
Product
development
Training
Resources
Results:
27 home-stays,9 VTC
31 km trail,10 km road
38 people trained
15,000 actor connected
Promotion taking place
Tourists are starting to
use the trail
CORE
Guides,
Porters,
Home-stays
Tourism
committees
Agents
Link, visit
to trails
National and
international
promotion,
brochure, map,
Website
Markets
Some “early signs”
• Tripling of sales in junar and potato
• Incomes generated from tourists on two new trails
• Better quality potato seeds, sales increased due to new
markets
• Productivity up and more rice, vegetables grown in
Kamala irrigation area
• More vegetables grown in Khimti irrigation area
• First sales made from fish pond & Association of Fish
Farmer
• More enterprises joining flower value chain
• VAHW earning Rs 3,000 to 12,000 per month
• 8,500 households benefited directly from EmPLED
15
Increased outreach through
“demonstration effect”
•
Replication of LED approach by other projects
• Potato store and training
• Solar irrigation pump
• Fodder grass
• Asparagus (4 villages)
• Radio programmes (4)
• Watershed – funding being sought
• Irrigation – funding likely in Kamala, sought for
other districts
• VDC planning (87 in Dhanusha), also in other
Districts
16
Lesson Learned
• Project successfully introduced a new Integrated
approach under difficult circumstances
• Responded flexibly and appropriately to
emerging opportunities
• Objectives and outputs largely achieved
• Significant outreach and impact likely
• Stakeholders and beneficiaries very positive
• Some changes in strategy would enhance
effectiveness, impact, sustainability
• 3 years is too short for LED
17
EmPLED
NAMASTE