Chapter 11 Review
1. What caused the American fur
trade to move westward in the early
1800s?
a. Fur companies wiped out the beaver population in the
East in their effort to meet European demand for the
popular “high hat.”
b. Fur trappers called “mountain men” wanted to be the first
to map western territory and asked the American Fur
Company to sponsor their journey.
c. The American Fur Company sent mountain men to the
West in its effort to beat its competitors from Europe and
the East.
d. American Indian trappers from the Pacific Northwest
were acclaimed for their skill and eastern companies
wanted to know their secrets.
a. Fur companies wiped out the
beaver population in the East in
their effort to meet European
demand for the popular “high hat.”
2. All of these were challenges that
pioneers faced on the Oregon Trail
EXCEPT?
a. shortages of food, supplies, and water
b. mistreatment by American Indians
c. barriers such as mountains
d. the high cost of moving a family
b. mistreatment by American Indians
3. Which was true about the
Oregon Trail?
a. It ran through the Appalachian Mountains.
b. It was a gravel paved road that made
travel much easier than normal trails
c. It required protection by U.S. government
troops.
d. It took six months to travel.
d. It took six months to travel.
4. When they first moved from New
York in the early 1830s, what did
Mormons hope to find in the West?
a. gold and other natural resources
b. a sense of religious freedom
c. a site for their Great Temple
d. a set of silver tablets with religious
teachings
b. a sense of religious freedom
5. Which practice caused
Mormons to be persecuted in the
1850s?
a. the ritual slaughter of animals
b. the circumcision of newborn males
c. marriage to more than one wife
d. sacrificing humans to the sun god
c. marriage to more than one
wife
6. By December 1860, the Mormon
population of Utah had reached about
40,000 people because of the efforts of
which church leader?
a. Brigham Young
b. Joseph Ratzinger
c. Joseph Smith
d. L. Ron Hubbard
a. Brigham Young
7. Why did Mexican priest Father Miguel Hidalgo y
Costilla lead about 80,000 American Indians and
mestizos in a rebellion in 1810?
a. The people were uprooted and thought an
attack would push American settlers back over
Mexico’s northern border.
b. The priest believed that the “meek will inherit the
earth” and wanted to make the Christian dream
a reality.
c. The people were poor and thought
independence from the Spanish monarchy
would improve their lives.
d. The priest believed that Mexico should have a
Christian king and wanted to take the place of
the secular monarch.
c. The people were poor and
thought independence from
the Spanish
#8 Who was Stephen F. Austin?
a. an empresario who started a colony on
the lower Colorado River in 1822
b. an American agent who enforced
Mexico’s laws on new settlers until 1830
c. the only American to witness the signing
of the Mexican constitution in 1824
d. a southern settler who spurred Texans to
defy the ban on slavery in 1831
a. an empresario who started a
colony on the lower Colorado
River in 1822
#9 After 1824, all of the following created conflicts
between the Mexican government and American
settlers in Texas EXCEPT Mexico’s
a. requirement of citizenship.
b. prohibition on importing slaves.
c. strict enforcement of its laws.
d. heavy taxation of settled lands.
d. heavy taxation of settled lands.
#10. “…I call on you in the name of Liberty, of patriotism, and everything
dear to the American character, to come to our aid with all dispatch
[speed]…VICTORY OR DEATH.”--from a letter written by William Travis
Travis wrote those words during the build-up to
which important battle of the Texas War for
Independence?
a. the Battle of Goliad
b. the Battle of the Alamo
c. the Battle of Gonzales
d. the Battle of San Jacinto
b. the Battle of the Alamo
11. Why was the Battle of the Alamo
significant to the outcome of the Texas
Revolution?
a. Frontiersman Davy Crockett and Colonel Jim
Bowie joined the Texan defenses.
b. The Texans were beaten, but Sam Houston’s
forces were inspired to win the Battle of San
Jacinto.
c. Prisoners who had surrendered at Goliad were
released, adding to the Texan defenses.
d. The Texans suffered heavy losses, but the
survivors overcame Antonio López de Santa
Anna’s army.
b. The Texans were beaten, but Sam
Houston’s forces were inspired to win
the Battle of San Jacinto.
12. President Jackson refused to annex
Texas because doing so would have
a. upset the balance between free and slave
states.
b. gone against the wishes of Congress.
c. encouraged wars of independence in
other border areas.
d. admitted to the British that western
expansion had ended.
a. upset the balance between
free and slave states.
13. What is another way of saying
“manifest destiny”?
a. “clear choice”
b. “people’s future”
c. “obvious fate”
d. “humanity’s end”
c. “obvious fate”
14. How did the slavery issue get tied up
with “manifest destiny” in the 1840s and
’50s?
a. Slaveholders did not know if ownership claims
would be honored in the new territories.
b. Americans did not know if the institution of
slavery would be allowed in the new territories.
c. Slavery went against the democratic values
implied by the philosophy of “manifest destiny.”
d. Southern slaveholders thought expansion in the
spirit of “manifest destiny” would cause their
region to lose power.
b. Americans did not know if the
institution of slavery would be
allowed in the new territories.
15. Why did President John Tyler, a Whig
from Virginia, favor the annexation of Texas
during the Election of 1844?
a. He was pressured by southerners who
threatened to give their votes to Senator Henry
Clay.
b. He wanted Texas to be a free state that could
not compete with the South’s plantations.
c. He thought the annexation of Texas would
increase the power of southern slave states.
d. He stood in opposition to James K. Polk, who
ran on a platform against annexation.
c. He thought the annexation of
Texas would increase the
power of southern slave
states.
16. Americans cried “Fifty-four forty
or fight!” in reference to
a. the line to which they wanted their
northern territory to extend.
b. the number of prisoners they wanted
Santa Anna to release.
c. the line that marked the northern border of
what is now California.
d. the number of American fighters whose
deaths they wanted to avenge.
a. the line to which they
wanted their northern
territory to extend.
17. Who referred to a piece of land as a
“stolen province,” and what were they talking
about?
a. The British, about Oregon Country
b. The American Indians, about Utah
c. The Mexicans, about Texas
d. The Spanish, about California
c. The Mexicans, about
Texas
18. In 1821, Mexico won its
independence from Spain. What
happened in California as a result?
a. Californios fought for independence from
Mexico.
b. American Indians were given parcels of
land called ranchos.
c. Mexican businessmen planned a rail route
to Canada.
d. Mexican officials terminated the mission
system.
d. Mexican officials terminated
the mission system.
19. What happened during the Bear
Flag Revolt?
a. A union of Spanish settlers rose up against the
Californios in the Mission district of San
Francisco.
b. John C. Frémont’s mapping expedition fought
off a black bear while crossing the Sierra
Nevadas.
c. General Taylor led his troops across the Rio
Grande to protect Texas against a Mexican
uprising.
d. A small group of Americans seized the town of
Sonoma and declared California’s
independence.
d. A small group of Americans seized the
town of Sonoma and declared California’s
independence.
20. How did the Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo, signed in 1848, affect the United
States?
a. It drew the border line that divides the
U.S. from Mexico to this day.
b. It enabled the U.S. to collect $18 million in
property taxes from Mexico.
c. It increased the size of the U.S. by almost
25 percent.
d. It gave the U.S. the southern parts of
present-day Arizona and New Mexico.
c. It increased the size of the U.S. by
almost 25 percent.
21. How did the Gadsden Purchase
benefit the United States?
a. It promised to safeguard the property
rights of longtime U.S. residents.
b. It allowed the U.S. to purchase the
northern part of present day Arizona.
c. It gave the U.S. hunting rights in the area
of Texas north of the Rio Grande.
d. It secured a southern route for a
transcontinental railroad on American soil.
d. It secured a southern route for a
transcontinental railroad on
American soil.
22. How did Brigham Young’s influence
resolve the western dispute over water rights?
a. Young supported the eastern U.S. tradition
regarding equal access to water.
b. Young felt that irrigation was less effective than
dams or canals for large-scale agriculture.
c. Young promoted the idea that the good of the
community should outweigh the interests of
individuals.
d. Young felt that addressing individual water use
was the key to resolving the problem for the
entire community.
c. Young promoted the idea that the
good of the community should
outweigh the interests of individuals.
23. In the 1830s to 1840s, why did a
growing number of Americans travel the
California Trail?
a. Recently published Anglo-Californian
guidebooks persuaded settlers to move to the
region.
b. American and Mexican merchants would meet
in California to trade factory-made goods for
precious coins, hides, and tallow.
c. Taken by the spirit of “manifest destiny,” many
Americans decided to settle permanently at the
continent’s western edge.
d. American cattle ranchers were attracted by the
Spanish government’s promise of Mexican land.
b. American and Mexican
merchants would meet in
California to trade factory-made
goods for precious coins, hides,
and tallow.
24. What lesson might a western traveler have
learned from the story of the Donner party?
a. “There are no good shortcuts.”
b. “Don’t always trust what you read in the
papers.”
c. “Always travel with a friend.”
d. “Help is on the way.”
a. “There are no good
shortcuts.”
25. Which description fits the group
of people known as “forty-niners”?
a. gold-seekers from America and abroad
who migrated to California
b. individualistic prospectors of California
gold-mining sites
c. middle-aged married men with previous
gold-mining experience
d. Mexicans and South Americans who
immigrated to find gold
a. gold-seekers from America and
abroad who migrated to California
26. Which of these statements about the
consequences of the Gold Rush years is true?
a. The population of San Francisco grew, by over
twenty-five times, to more than 25,000.
b. The vast majority of gold-rush miners left
California and took their earnings to their
families back east.
c. Mexicans and South Americans came to make
up the largest foreign group in the mining region.
d. The large amount of gold in circulation in
California caused severe deflation, meaning
prices dropped.
a. The population of San
Francisco grew, by over
twenty-five times, to more than
25,000
27. What happened to California’s
population as a result of the Gold Rush?
a. The population grew, but not as much as it had
during the Spanish and Mexican periods of
settlement.
b. Immigrants and Americans flocked to California
to “get rich quick” and stayed to build a stable
frontier society.
c. The population boomed during “gold fever,” but
declined just as quickly because of inflation.
d. Californios and American Indians still
outnumbered immigrants and Americans after
the Gold Rush.
b. Immigrants and Americans
flocked to California to “get
rich quick” and stayed to build
a stable frontier society.
28. As a result of the population
explosion of the “gold fever” years,
California became
a. eligible for statehood.
b. more populous than any other region in
the country.
c. richer than any other region in the
country.
d. off limits to new immigrants.
a. eligible for statehood.
29. What role did the Transcontinental
Railroad play in California’s development?
a. It contributed to California’s population
explosion by bringing settlers to the West in the
mid-1850s.
b. It gave California’s economy the means to grow
by connecting the state to the rest of the country.
c. It slowed down California’s economy because it
took two decades and many thousands of
dollars to complete.
d. It damaged California’s environment by
requiring the development of coal mining and
timber industries.
b. It gave California’s economy the means to
grow by connecting the state to the rest of
the country.
30. Which of the following was least important
to the South’s economy in the 1830s?
a. small farming
b. plantation agriculture
c. manufacturing
d. trade
c. manufacturing
31. Which of the following was not a
difference between the North and the South ?
a. conflicting views on the issue of slavery
b. different economic interests
c. disagreement over the Indian removal
policy
d. disagreement over protective tariffs
c. disagreement over the Indian
removal policy
32. What was the main job of the
early mountain men of the West?
a. to make maps
b. to trap furs to trade with merchants
c. to establish friends with Native Americans
d. to cut roads through the mountains
b. to trap furs to trade with
merchants
33. Which of the following foreign nations
did not have claims to the Oregon
Territory in the 1800s?
a. Spain
b. France
c. England
d. Russia
b. France
34. Which of the following trails led settlers
west from either Independence, Missouri or
Council Bluffs, Iowa to the Willamette Valley
a. California Trail
b. Mormon Trail
c. Oregon Trail
d. Santa Fe Trail
c. Oregon Trail
35. What trail led merchants and settlers
west from Independence, Missouri to New
Mexico?
a. California Trail
b. Mormon Trail
c. Oregon Trail
d. Santa Fe Trail
d. Santa Fe Trail
36. Who founded the Church of
Jesus Christ of Later-Day Saints?
a. Brigham Young
b. Jim Bridger
c. Jedediah Smith
d. Joseph Smith
d. Joseph Smith
37. Who was the leader of Mexico after they
won their independence from Spain?
a. Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla
b. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
c. Comte de Rochambeau
d. Bartolome de Las Casas
b. Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna
38. What battle of the Texas Revolution
has stood for years as a lasting image
of Texas independence?
a. San Jacinto
b. Mexico City
c. Alamo
d. Veracruz
c. Alamo
39. What was the fight for California’s
independence from Mexico called?
a. The Battle of San Francisco
b. The Bear Flag Revolt
c. The San Diego Revolt
d. The San Jacinto Slaughter
b. The Bear Flag Revolt
40. After Texas won its independence from
Mexico who was elected as the President of
Texas?
a. Stephen F. Austin
b. Jim Bowie
c. Davy Crockett
d. Sam Houston
d. Sam Houston
41. What was the main reason that James
K. Polk won the presidency against Henry
Clay in the election of 1844?
a. the economy
b. the Spanish-American War
c. the expansion issue
d. the fight over slavery
c. the expansion issue
42. Britain and the United States decided on
the northern border of Oregon at what point?
a. the 49th Parallel
b. the 60th Parallel
c. the 54th Parallel
d. the 63rd Parallel
a. the 49th Parallel
43. What were the early Mexican residents
of California who lived so far away from their
government called?
a. Mestizos
b. Mexicanos
c. Creoles
d. Californios
d. Californios
44. What was the name of the treaty that
ended the Mexican and American War?
a. Treaty of San Jacinto
b. Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
c. Treaty of San Marcos
d. Treaty of Sierra Madre
b. Treaty of Guadalupe
Hidalgo
45. Who was the German immigrant that
designed heavy denim pants for miners?
a. James Wrangler
b. Guido Sarduci
c. Robert E. Lee
d. Levi Strauss
d. Levi Strauss
46. At what battle were approximately 200
rebel volunteers able to hold off Mexican
General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna with
about 1800 troops for 12 days at an old
mission outside of San Antonio??
a. Battle of San Jacinto
b. Battle of the Alamo
c. Battle of Buena Vista
d. Battle of Goliad
b. Battle of the Alamo
47. At what battle was Colonel James
Fannin and 350 Texans taken prisoner and
executed under the orders of General
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna?
d. The Battle of Goliad
48. Why did President Polk send diplomat
John Slidell to Mexico City?
a. To explain that we had
c. To discuss where Texas
decided to declare war on
should put their capital
them and wanted to give
following it gaining its
them advanced notice before
independence from Spain
we attacked
and Mexico
b. To try and settle the border
dispute by purchasing New
Mexico and California
d. To get Mexico to pay the
United States not to attack
them to pay off our war debts
from the Mexican-American
War.
•B. To try and settle
the border dispute by
purchasing New
Mexico and California
49. Where was the disputed territory
between the United States and Mexico?
a. The far Northwestern part c. The area between Mexico
of the Mexican Territory in
City and the ancient city
California between San
Tenochtitlan.
Francisco and Los Angeles.
b. The Southwestern part of d. The Southern parts of
Texas between the Nueces
Arizona and New Mexico.
River and the Rio Grande
River.
b. The Southwestern
part of Texas between
the Nueces River and
the Rio Grande River.
50. What location did President Polk send
Zachary Taylor to take up camp in March of
1846, knowing it would irritate the Mexican
Army and most likely provoke a fight?
a to the northern
. border of the Rio
Grande River
c to the far western
. part of Mexico near
Tijuana.
b to San Diego which d to Buena Vista
. was southeast of
. which was North of
San Franciso.
Mexico City.
a. to the northern
border of the Rio
Grande River
51. What American general defeated the
Mexican general, Antonio Lopez de Santa
Anna in bitter fighting with many casualties
at the Battle of Buena Vista in February of
1847??
a Andrew Jackson c Zachary Taylor
.
.
b Stephen F. Austin d Winfield Scott
.
.
a. Andrew Jackson
52. Who was the American general that
defeated General Antonio Lopez de Santa
Anna and took Mexico City on September
14, 1847??
a Andrew Jackson c Zachary Taylor
.
.
b Stephen F.
. Austin
d Winfield Scott
.
d. Winfield Scott
53. What was the name given to the
acquisition of the entire states of Nevada,
California, and Utah and parts of Arizona,
New Mexico, Colorado and Wyoming
called?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gadsden Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase
Mexican Cession
Spanish Cession
c. Mexican Cession
54. How much did we agree to pay Mexico for the
acquisition of the entire states of Nevada,
California, and Utah and parts of Arizona, New
Mexico, Colorado, and Wyoming??
a. 5 million dollars
c. 30 million dollars
b 15 million dollars
.
d 100 million dollars
.
b. 15 million dollars
55. Which of the following were types of
discrimination that Native Americans and
Mexican Americans faced in the areas the
United States acquired in the treaty that
ended the Mexican-American War?
a. Legal
b. Economic
c. Social
d. All of the above
d. All of the above
56. Which of the following describe the type
of searching for gold called “placer mining”?
a. digging shallow into the
earth and breaking rocks
using a hammer and pick
c. taking a large hammer or
sledgehammer to break
boulders into smaller rocks
hoping to find gold
b. using a pan or other device d. using dynamite or nitro
to wash gold nuggets out of
glycerin to blow up small
loose rock or gravel
areas and look for shiny
rocks.
b. using a pan or other
device to wash gold
nuggets out of loose
rock or gravel
57. Which of the following best describes the
average forty-niner?
a. young unmarried men c. hard working men with
in search of adventure
families that had debts
that finding gold would
fix
b. middle aged men
whose wife had left
them and they had
nothing to lose
d. foreigners from India,
Russia, and the Middle
East
a. young unmarried
men in search of
adventure
58. What foreign country that suffered
famine and economic hardships had men
come to California looking for great wealth
and then planned to return home??
a India
.
c China
.
b Russia
.
d Germany
.
C. China
59. What was the name given to forty-niners
that were looking and trying to find gold in
California?
a Searchers
.
c Prospectors
.
b Panners
.
d Entrepreneurs
.
c. Prospectors
60. Which of the following were agents that
the Mexican government hired to bring
settlers into the area of Texas?
a. Empresarios
b. Californios
c. Vaqueros
d. Gambusino
a. Empresarios
• All Done!