Program Music • Distinguish between program music and absolute music • Connection with the other fine arts and with life. Varieties of Program Music • • • • Concert overture Incidental music Program symphony Symphonic poem Hector Berloiz (1803-1896) • Report on Hector Berlioz by Erin Coward Symphonie fantastique - Berlioz • Idée fixe • Story from personal life • 4th movement - “March to the Scaffold” – Duple meter march, minor – Dreams he has killed his beloved – Idée fixe (at end) interrupted by fortissimo chord - fall of the axe Musical Nationalism • • • • • Songs and dances of the people Folklore and peasant life Exploits of national heroes Historic events Scenic beauty of their country Bedrich Smetana (1824-1884) • Czech composer - 1st bohemian to achieve international prominence • Conductor of reputation • 8 operas – The Bartered Bride Má Vlast - Smetana • • • • Cycle of 6symphonic poems Beauty of Bohemia’s countryside Folk songs, dances and legends #2 - “The Moldau” – Programmatic themes Other Nationalist Composers • • • • • Anton Dvorák (1841-1904) - Czech Edward Grieg (1843-1907) - Norway Jean Sibelius (1865-1957) - Finland “The Mighty five” - Russia Peter Illyich Tchaikovsky (1840-1893) Russian