Kamehameha IV, Kamehameha V,
Lunalilo, Kalakaua
Reigned 1855-1863
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Son of Kinau (daughter of Kamehameha) and
Kekuanaoa, nephew to Kam III.
Educated by missionaries, however did not
care much for missionary ways
Married to Emma Rooke, grandaughter of
John Young
One child, Prince Albert, died when he was 4 of
a fever
Died one year after his son’s death, overcome
with grief
Reigned 1855-1863, was only 29 years old when
he died
He and Queen Emma started Queen’s hospital
in 1859 to offer care for sick Hawaiians
 Against Constitution of 1852 that allowed
every male citizen to vote
 Tried to get a reciprocity treaty with the U.S.
instead of annexation, did not pass
Reciprocity= reciprocal trading between 2
countries. e.g. Hawaii allows US products tax
free and US does the same for Hawaiian
products
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Reigned 1864-1872
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Son of Kinau and Kekuanaoa
Last male descendant to Kamehameha
Missionary education
Never married, but was once arranged to
marry Bernice Pauahi Bishop (founder of
Kamehameha schools)
Died on his birthday Dec 11, 1872 at the age of
42 without naming an heir (He wanted Bernice
Pauahi Bishop, but she declined)
Often held hula performances at his home
which is now known as Moanalua Gardens
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Lot and his cabinet wrote the Constitution of 1864,
replacing the Constitution on 1852
-Stated that citizens had to meet certain property
and literacy requirements
-abolished the position of Kuhina Nui
-turned the legislature into 1 house rather than 2
Tried to get a reciprocity treaty with US in 1864 but
President Lincoln was busy with the Civil War,
another attempt in 1867 also failed
Japanese-American treaty of 1871 established
trade, friendship and rules for Japanese
immigration into Hawaii. Hawaii wanted Japanese
products and workers
Reigned 1873-1874
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Elected by the Legislature to be King after
Kamehameha V in an election. David
Kalakaua was the other candidate
Was popular with the people, but never
learned how to run a kingdom
Never married and had no children
Died Feb 3, 1874 after 1 year of ruling as King.
He was 39 years old
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Appointed a new cabinet mostly of Americans
Allowed the legislature to make amendments
or changes to the Constitution of 1864, Lunalilo
died before the amendments could be made
Father Damien goes to Molokai to care for the
lepers in 1873
More talk of annexation to the U.S.
Lunalilo decides against a reciprocity treaty
that would allow U.S. to have Pearl Harbor
Reigned 1874-1891
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Married to Kapiolani, grndaughter of Kaumuali`i
Educated at Royal school could speak Hawaiian
and English well
Brother of Lili`uokalani
Revived the Hula after being banned by the
Missionaries
Merrie Monarch Festival held every year in honor
of him
Built ‘Iolani Palace, the only royal Palace in the
U.S. Costing $300,000, a huge sum for that time
Died Jan 20, 1891 in SanFrancisco. Last words…
“Tell my People I tried.”
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Appoints heirs, first in line William Pitt Leleiohoku
and next was Lili`uokalani
Appointed a cabinet of a variety of ethnicities
First King ever to visit U.S. in 1874
Reciprocity treaty 1875 with U.S.. U.S. did not want
Hawaii to sell all their products to England and thus
become special buddies with the U.S.. U.S. wanted
Pearl Harbor
Reciprocity treaty renewed in 1887 with U.S. getting
exclusive use of Pearl harbor
Railroad and water transportation began 1879
Electricity used in street lamps, HECO started 1892
Telephones started to be used, first in the palace
Population increased by half between 1876 and 1892
due to the large immigration
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Controversial Decisions
-Dismissing and appointing a cabinet when he
felt like it
-Planning his own expensive coronation
-trip around the world, expensive
-building `Iolani palace, expensive
Public Debt went from $389,000to $2,000,000
Secret group called the Hawaiian league
formed and planned to overthrow the
monarchy and get Hawaii annexed by the U.S.
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1887. Hawaiian League sends a committee of
13 with armed soldiers to Kalakaua demanding
a new constitution be written
-Kalakaua offers to surrender his power to
other countries in exchange for their help, but
they refuse
-Kalakaua surrenders to their demands
- Kalakaua signs Bayonet Constitution,
stripping him of most of his power.
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King could not make any decisions without
cabinet approval
King could not organize military without
legislature approval
Foreigners could vote
Robert Wilcox rebelled with a small army and
attempted to restore Kalakaua’s power with a
new constitution in 1889, but was unsuccessful.
Wilcox was found not guilty for what he did.
Event was called Wilcox Rebellion
Kalakaua died before a new constitution was
written to replace the Bayonet Constitution