RNA
• Ribonucleic
Acid
• Singlestranded
• Contains Uracil
instead of
thymine
RNA
• RNA like DNA is composed of
Nucleotides
– 5 carbon sugar (ribose)
– phosphate group
– nitrogenous bases ( adenine, uracil,
guanine, and cytosine)
Give the complementary strand of
RNA.
• DNA-ATGCATTACGAAGCTT
• RNA-____________________
What are 3 major differences that
make RNA different from DNA?
• Sugar- Ribose (RNA)
• Nitrogenous Base- Uracil (RNA)
• Single-Stranded (RNA)
There are 3 main types of RNA:
A. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) – combines with proteins to make
ribosomes
B. Transfer RNA (tRNA) – during translation, it transfers each amino
acid to the ribosome to make proteins
C. Messenger RNA (mRNA) – carries copies of instructions to make
new DNA
Similarities and differences
between RNA and DNA
DNA
Full Name
Sugar
Shape
Function
Nitrogenous
Bases
Location
RNA
Similarities and differences
between RNA and DNA
DNA
RNA
Deoxyribonucleic
Acid
Deoxyribose
Ribonucleic Acid
Double-Stranded
Single-Stranded
Function
Stores Genetic
Information
Copies DNA
Nitrogenous
Bases
Location
Adenine, Thymine, Adenine, Uracil,
Guanine, Cytosine Guanine, Cytosine
Full Name
Sugar
Shape
DNA can’t leave
the nucleus
Ribose
RNA can leave the
nucleus
Transcription
• During transcription, RNA polymerase binds
to DNA and separates the DNA strands.
RNA polymerase then uses one strand of
DNA as a template from which nucleotides
are assembled into a strand of RNA.
• So, RNA is making a single-stranded copy
from DNA that takes information out of the
nucleus.
• Transcription: RNA molecules are
produced by copying part of the
nucleotide sequence of DNA into a
complementary sequence in RNA.
• Instead of DNA polymerase that is used
in replication, RNA polymerase is used
to begin the transcription process.
• WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN RNA and DNA?
– RNA can’t be copied without DNA.
– DNA can’t send it’s information through the
cell without RNA.
• Where does replication take place?
– Nucleus
• Where does transcription take place?
– Nucleus
• Where does translation take place?
– Ribosome
Transcription Animation
• http://bcs.whfreeman.com/thelifewire/conte
nt/chp12/1202001.html
• http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flash
animat/molgenetics/transcription.swf
Translation Animation
• http://www.stolaf.edu/people/giannini/flash
animat/molgenetics/translation.swf
• http://www.biostudio.com/demo_freeman_
protein_synthesis.htm
• http://www.johnkyrk.com/
• http://highered.mcgrawhill.com/sites/0072437316/student_view0/
chapter15/animations.html#