BELLRINGERS
1. What are the 3 main parts of a typical cell and
what are their functions?
2. Explain the difference between a plant cell and
an animal cell? (4 differences)
3. Compare and contrast plant cells and animal cells.
4. Define the following: levels of organization, cell,
tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
5. List and give examples of each of the 5 levels of
organization.
1.Take out one sheet of notebook
paper.
2.At the top of the page, put your
name and “Levels of Organization
Pretest”.
3.Number the paper 1 – 10.
4.The pretest is under the basket on
your desk.
5.You have 5 minutes.
6.Place the Pretest back under the
basket when finished.
How to Use a Microscope
1. Turn the revolving nosepiece to the scanner lens.
2. Using the course adjustment knob, lower the body
tube to its lowest point.
3. Place the slide on the stage & secure it with the clip.
4. Look through the eyepiece and turn the course
adjustment knob backwards slowly so that the lens is
moving UP. Object should come into focus.
How to Use a Microscope
5. Take your eye away from the eyepiece & turn the
nosepiece to the low power objective lens.
6. Look through the eyepiece & turn the fine adjustment
knob slowly. The object should come into sharper
focus.
7. Take your eye away from the eyepiece & turn the
nosepiece to the high power objective lens.
How to Use a Microscope
8. Look through the eyepiece & turn the fine adjustment
knob slowly. The object should come into sharper
focus.
9. When observations are complete, turn the nosepiece to
the scanner power lens.
10. Remove the slide from the stage. Turn the course
adjustment knob to lower the nosepiece to its lowest
level.
Calculating Magnification
1. Find the power of the lens. It is found on the side of the lens.
Magnification power of a lens is always identified by the label
of x (10x, 1000x)
2. Multiply the power of the eyepiece by the power of the
objective lens.
3. Examples:
eyepiece
obj. lens
10x times 100x
10x times 50x
10x times 40x
BELLRINGERS
1. What are the 3 main parts of a typical cell and
what are their functions?
2. Explain the difference between a plant cell and
an animal cell? (4 differences)
3. Compare and contrast plant cells and animal cells.
4. Define the following: levels of organization, cell,
tissue, organ, organ system, organism.
5. List and give examples of each of the 5 levels of
organization.
CELLS
• All cells (both plants & animals) have
similar structures
– Cell membrane
• thin membrane that has tiny holes
• controls what comes in or goes out of
the cell
• outer boundary of the cell (unless it
has a cell wall)
Cell membrane
CELLS
– Nucleus
• control center of cell
• Holds chromosomes that contain DNA
– Cytoplasm
• Jelly like substance
• Helps support the organelles
Vacuole
• Helps give cell shape
cytoplasm
Nucleus
CELLS ALSO HAVE:
– Mitochondria
mitochondria
• Power house of cell
• Breaks down food for energy
• stores & releases energy
– Ribosomes
• Small round structures
• Produce proteins
ribosomes
– Golgi bodies
• Group of sacs & tubes
Golgi bodies
• Transports materials throughout cell
• Releases materials to outside the cell
CELLS
– Endoplasmic reticulum
• Maze of passage ways
• Carries materials from one part of cell
to another part of cell
Endoplasmic reticulum
CELLS
• Plant & animal cells have structures that are alike
& structures that are different
– Plant cells
• Cell wall
– Stiff outer boundary outside the cell
membrane
– Made of cellulose
– Gives support and structure
to the cell
•Shape
•-most plant cells have a
rectangular shape. This
gives strength to the
entire plant.
CELLS
• Chloroplast
– Large green structures that have
chlorophyll that allows the plant to trap
energy from sunlight to produce food
for the cell
• Larger vacuole
– Stores food & wastes
– Stores extra water
– Makes cell wall stiff
therefore helps hold up
the plant.
Making a Wet Mount Slide
1. Use dropper to place a drop of water on the center of a
clean slide.
2. Use tweezers to lay specimen on the drop of water.
3. Gently touch the cover slip to the edge of the drop of
water to cover the specimen & the water.
ELODEA LEAF
High Power
Medium Power
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/course
s/Botany_130/Eukaryotic_Cell/mo
vies/Cyclosis.html
High Power
CHEEK CELL
Medium Power
Low Power
High Power
AIR BUBBLE
If it has a dark black rim, IT IS NOT A CELL