Classification
RYLIE WILLIAMS
DEANNA HOLBY
What is Classification?
To group according to like traits
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kKwOlAqQo
Lk
Classification activities
Classification
Activity
evolution
How is it used? Why is it needed?
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To group and separate organisms into groups
with like organisms
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only 5 million have been recognized
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Around 7-8 million organisms need discovered
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Helps to organized
Taxonomists
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Science of naming, describing, classifying
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Use 4 methods to classify
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Homologous structures
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Evidence from genetics/biochemistry
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Similarities in embryonic development
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Phylogeny
Homologous Structures
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Share similar structures
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Different functions
Genetics and biochemistry
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Similar DNA
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Similar proteins
Embryotic development
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Similar traits
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Similar look while developing
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Similar development time
Embryotic game
Embryotic
Game
Phylogeny
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Evolutionary history of organism
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EVOLUTION
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How we came into existence
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How we are related to past organisms
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Driving force of evolution, natural selection
Big Ideas in Evolution
Evolution Game
Evolution
Game
1) DNA
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Holds code of life
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Makes proteins to give traits
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Mutations – alter DNA > alter proteins
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Most mutations are evolutionary neutral
2) Natural Selection
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Adaptions to help survive
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“Survival of the fittest”
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The strongest and smartest survive
Natural Selection Games
Natural
Selection Game
Evolvo Game
3) Speciation
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When 1 population is isolated from another
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Usually geological
4) Selective Breeding/Bio Technology
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Deliberate change of genetic makeup
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Cloning
5) Fossil Record
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Shows development of organisms
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Shows changes throughout history
History – Aristotle
Greek philosopher
• Created 1st system of classification
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Divided living organisms into two groups
Based on physical traits
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d1prFia-
7NE
History - Aristotle
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Plant
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Animal
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Structure
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Habitat
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Examples
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Examples
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Large woody
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Land
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Small woody
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Air
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Soft stemmed
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Water
History – Carl Linnaeus
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System of classification (1700s)
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Still used today
Binomial Nomenclature
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Bi = 2
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Nomial = name
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Nomenclature = naming system
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Two-name (2 word) naming system
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Scientific name
Scientific Name
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Two-word name
Universally used
Made up of Genus and species
Genus name capitalized, species lowercase
Example: Homo sapien
Homo – Genus
• sapien – Species
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Common Names
Different names for the same organisms
depending on where they live
• Example: Dog
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Canid
Man’s best friends
K9
Perro
Common Names Cont.
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All the same animal
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Canis lupus familiaris (scientific name)
8 Division of Classification
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Domain
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Kingdom
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Phylum
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Class
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Order
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Family
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Genus
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Species
*Largest(most broad) to smallest(most specific)*
8 Divisions of Classification Cont
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Domain is the widest division
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Species is the most specific
Domain
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The broadest classification
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Divided into 3 parts
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Archaebacteria
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Eubacteria
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Eukarya
Archaebacteria
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“Ancient Bacteria”
First living cells
Live in extreme conditions
Know as extremophiles
Live in
Swaps
• Guts
• Hot springs
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Eubacteria
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True Bacteria
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Effects everyday life
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Tooth Decay
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Spoils food
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Causes illness
Evolved from Archaebacteria
Eukarya
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True nucleus
Contains organisms whose cells contain nucleus
Nucleus
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brain of cell
Contains DNA
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4 Kingdoms of Eukarya
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gSuRoDGpKWw
Four Kingdoms
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Protista
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Fungi
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Plantae
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Animalia
Four Kingdoms
Phylogenic Tree
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Organizes things based on context of evolution
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OYRYQ6Y
Fsow
Cladogram
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Shared derived characteristics
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=46L_2RI1k
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Hybrids
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Organisms of the same genus but different
species
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Offspring that are usually sterile
Fun Facts!
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Tigon – off spring of a tiger and lioness
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Zebroid – Shetland pony and Zebra
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Cloned Sheep
Works cited
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"Dog." Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d. Web. 04 Jan. 2015.
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"Scholastic.com | Teacher: Online Activities: Scholastic Explorations:
Classify Insects: Zoom in on True Bugs." Scholastic.com | Teacher:
Online Activities: Scholastic Explorations: Classify Insects: Zoom in on
True Bugs. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015
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"Charles Darwin's Game of Survival : Science Channel." Science
Channel. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015
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VanCott, Rachel. "Guess the Embryo." PBS. PBS, 26 Oct. 2009. Web.
08 Jan. 2015.
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PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
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"Evolvo." Evolvo. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
Works Cited
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"Learn
Biology: Classification- The Taxonomic
Hierarchy." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web. 08 Jan.
2015.
"13.1.1 Aristotle and Early Classification." YouTube.
YouTube, n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
"Learn Biology: Classification- Domains." YouTube.
YouTube, n.d. Web. 08 Jan. 2015.
"Phylogenetic Trees." YouTube. YouTube, n.d. Web.
08 Jan. 2015.