Ecology
• Objectives:
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
A. Ecology
Scientists who study
the connections among
living things
specialize in the
science of ECOLOGY.
© J Beauchemin 2006
B. What is an
Organism?
Defined as:
ANY LIVING THING
Example of an organism:
A wolf
C. HABITAT:
The environment
where an
organism lives.
Example: A Wolf’s Habitat
•
would be found
in the arctic
tundra, plains,
savannahs, and
mixed forest
environments!
There are two
factors included
in every habitat...
D. Biotic factors
–Living
things
like...
E. Abiotic factors
Nonliving
things
(physical
factors)
like...
Reality Check
• Objectives:
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
Task
• Come up with as many biotic and abiotic
factors as you can in a forest ecosystem.
• Challenge: If another group has your word
it does not count.
• Hint: Come up with things other groups
will not think of.
We can think about the
interactions and types
of living things by
organizing them into
groups, smallest to
largest.
1. Organism
• includes only
one organism
“STANDS ALONE”
• Example:
ONE Pigeon
2. Population
includes all
members of
the same
species that
live in the
same area.
Example: all the
pigeons in LaVergne
•
THE GROUPS GET
BIGGER and
BIGGER!!!!!
3. Community
Includes all the different species
that live in one area.
Example: all the pigeons, ants, maple
trees, dogs, etc. that live in LaVergne
4. Ecosystem
includes both the
community and the
abiotic factors.
– Example: the LaVergne
community plus the cars,
buildings, rocks, air…
5. Biosphere
the part of
the Earth
where all
life exists.
Reality Check
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
5 LEVELS OF
ORGANIZATION
This is the way
organisms in
a habitat are
organized!
Reality Check
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
Ecology/ Food Chain & Food
Web Quiz Basketball Review!!
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
1. Any Living Thing is
known as an
_________.
2.What is the
environment where
an organism lives
called?
A.niche
B. habitat
3. Scientists who study
the connections
among living things
specialize in the
science of _________.
4. Nonliving
things (physical
factors) are called
_______ factors.
A. Biotic B. Abiotic
5.Living factors are
called _______
factors.
A. Biotic B. Abiotic
6.A rock is an
example of a
________ factor.
A. Biotic B. Abiotic
7.A tree is an example of
a __________ factor.
A. Biotic B. Abiotic
8. Name level of organization
that is the largest level and
where all life exists.
A. Ecosystem B. Biosphere
Objectives
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
9.A flock of Birds flying,
all the bullfrogs in pond,
a herd of sheep grazing
are all examples of what
level?
A. Organism B. Population
10. This level of
organization includes
the part of the Earth
where all life exists.
11. Cacti would be a
______part of a desert.
A.Abiotic
B.Biotic
12. Sand and Temperature
would be a ______part of
desert.
A. Abiotic
B. Biotic
13. Name the 5 levels of
organization in order from
smallest to largest.
14.
Objectives
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
15.
15. What happens to some energy
when a rabbit consumes grass?
A.
B.
C.
D.
It doubles in size
It is transformed into heat energy
It is destroyed
It is converted into a pure element.
16. ________adds nutrients to the
soil and breaks down dead plants
and animals adding nitrogen and
CO2 to the soil and air.
• A. Producers
• B. Consumers
• C. Decomposers
17.
18.
19.
Objectives
• How are materials and energy transferred
between organisms in an ecosystem?
• Can I identify biotic and abiotic factors in
major biomes?
Create 5 levels of a field mouse
Organism-definition
Picture
Population-definition
Picture
Community-definition
Picture
Ecosystem-definition
Picture
Biosphere-definition
Picture
WORD
SEARCH
TIME
Make your own Word search:
Include the following words:
Biotic
Habitat
Abiotic
Ecology
Organism
Producer
Population
Consumer
Community
Decomposer
Ecosystem
Food Web
Biosphere
Food Chain
Extra info:
Food webs
• All organisms need FOOD to survive!
• Food webs show what eats what.
Eat or be eaten
• Here are some important
terms that will help you
describe interactions in a
food web.
1. Producer (autotroph)
– can make its own food
– forms the base of the food
web
Mmmmm…delicious.
2. Consumer (heterotroph)
– cannot make its own food
There are several words that describe consumers…
– Prey: the hunted
– Predator: the hunter
– Herbivore: eats plants
– Carnivore: eats animals
– Omnivore: eats both plants and animals
Hey, you gonna eat that?
3. Decomposer
– Breaks down dead organisms
– Examples: bacteria, maggots, fungi, worms
– Complete the circle of life by returning
nutrients to the soil
Your mission…
• Label the organisms on the coloring sheet
you don’t know. (use the next slide to help
you)
• Color in the organisms.
• On the back, WRITE some examples of how
the organisms might interact. Use
vocabulary words from your notes.
daisy
r
flounder
sea urchin
raccoon
monarch
butterfly
clam
hermit crab
whitetailed
deer
puffer
spider
crab
rat snake
gull
horseshoe
crab
screech owl
oak
whelk
mussels
egret
cardinal
harbor seal
bass
cattail
red-winged
blackbird
sea star
skate
right
whale
oriole