Let’s sit back and take a ride back
in time. See and hear where the
music we love came from. Enjoy!!
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Middle Ages
Pre 1420s
Music
-chant
-first written music
-instrumental music
-Troubadours
-Sacred music; motes and Mass
Musicians
• Guido de Arezzo
• Hildegard of Bingen
•
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xk1W22yHLJQ (:45)
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Renaissance
1420-1600
Music
-polyphonic
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=739R9G0qDH8
-dance music
-instrumental music
-English Madrigal
-Sacred music; motes and Mass
Musicians
•
•
•
•
•
Josquin des Prez
Giovannie Da Palestrina
William Byrd
Thomas Morley
Michael Praetorius
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Renaissance…
• Historical Themes…
• Invention of printing press, music more accessible
• Beginning of the change from the feudal system to the
modern state
•
•
•
•
•
Shakespearian plays
Era of Michelangelo’s paintings and sculpture
Music moving outside of the confines of the church
Luther began Protestant Reformation
Columbus and Magellan expand view of the world
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Baroque
1600-1750
• Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TZCfydWF48c
(1:06)
~ Operas source of
entertainment
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ortorio
Concerto
Harpsichord
Formalized dances
Voices and instruments mixed
Instrument forms of concerto,
sonata
• Musicians
•
•
•
•
Johann Sebastian Bach
Antonio Vivaldi
Donenico Scarlatti
George Fredric Handel
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Baroque…
• Historical Themes…
• Scientists, Galileo and Newton used observation and
experiments to develop hypotheses about why things
happen.
• Got its name from the ornate style of architecture
of the time.
• Monarchs(kings) began to employ composers of
their courts.
• Development of holdings in the New World by
English , French and Spanish.
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• Music:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Classical
1750-1820
Dances
Symphonies
Sonatas
Minuets
Gavotte
String quartets
Piano main instrument for
composers
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OP9SX7V14Z4
(:35)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5bUQRPRHTI8
(6:38)
• Musicians:
• Franz Joseph Haydn
• Wolfgang A. Mozart
• Franz Schubert
7
Classical…
• Historical Themes…
• Industrial revolution led to increases in material
goods and wealth.
• Art and architecture cleaner and uncluttered
modeling that of the classical Greeks.
• Aristocracies began replacing monarchs and the
church as music patrons.
• Writers such as Rousseau and Voltaire spread ideas
of the philosophy of enlightenment.
• Time of the American Revolution.
8
Romantic
1820-1900
• Music
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsZGM9vagsY
•
•
•
•
Operas and program music
Romances from Mid Evil times
Poetry and stories of heroes
Dynamics wider, tempos more
extreme
• Musicians
•
•
•
•
•
Felix Mendelssohn
Robert Schumann
Frederic Chopin
Franz Liszt
Johannes Brahms
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Romantic…
• Historical Themes…
• The revolutions of the 18th century brought
about a new social order
• Italy and Central Europe freed from foreign
control
• Charles Darwin introduces his theory about the
origin of species
• Specialized music training institutions developed
• Invention of new instruments of the orchestra
10
th
20 Century
• Music
• All sounds are possible
• Mixes elements from multiple
•
•
•
cultures
Many new insturments
Complex rhythms
Jazz, blues, folk, rock-n-roll,
country
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kDmfNsSI1ao
(:45)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jY6b1DdSCwk
(7:08)
• Musicians
•
•
•
•
•
Scott Joplin
Arnold Schoenbery
Igor Stravinsky
Serge Prokofiev
Duke Ellington
11
th
20 Century…
HISTORICAL THEMES:
~Progression of travel from earliest cars, jets, and
space travel, with the development of technology
creating global communication.
~Decline of totalitarian cultures, Adolph Hitler and
Germany, Russian and Chinese revolutions, and
movements for freedom and democracy in Poland,
and South Africa.
~World Wars I and II, Korean and Vietnam conflict,
and Desert Storm.
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Credits Page.
Information gathered from various books and websites as follows…
www.ipl.org/exhibit/mushit/
www.essentials of music.com/main.html/
The Composer’s Specials by Betsy Henderson
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