 I. Early National Period
 II. Two Party System
 III. Election of 1800
 IV. Early Supreme Court Cases
 V. Louisiana Purchase
 VI. War of 1812
 The United States underwent many changes between
1800 and 1845
 Territory expanded from the Atlantic Ocean to the
Pacific Ocean, and from Canada to Mexico
 The Power of the Federal government was defined
during this period
Popularity
is overrated!
 The divisions between Northern and Southern states
widened, and eventually led to war
 After 2 terms (8 years), George Washington decided
not to run for president again
 In 1796, the Federalist candidate, John Adams, won the
presidency
 After 4 years in office, Adams became unpopular
 Controversy over the Federalists’ support for the Bank of
the United States
 Anti-Federalists afraid gave more power to the Central
government
 The Jay Treaty
 Tied United States to Britain
 Democratic-Republicans liked supporting France
 Undeclared war on France led to the beginning of an
opposition party
 After 4 years, John Adams was up for re-election
 The Federalists, led by Alexander Hamilton, chose
John Adams to run again
 They wanted a strong central government
 Advancement of industry
 Businesses and Bankers of Northeast
 Positive relationship with the British
Oh yeah, I
know why
you want to
be my
friend, I am
one hot
tamale grrr
 The Democratic-Republicans chose Thomas Jefferson and
Aaron Burr to run
 They wanted a weak government
 Strict interpretation of the Constitution
 Economy to be based on agriculture
 Farmers, artisans, and frontier settlers in the South
The ‘White’
House
Thomas Jefferson narrowly won the election of 1800
The election of 1800 was the first peaceful transfer of
power from one political party to another
 Three Court cases established the Supreme
Court’s authority
 Marbury vs. Madison- 1803
 Judicial Review- Supreme Court can rule laws
unconstitutional
We find the Dred
Scott decision
unconstitutional
because according
to the
Constitution ALL
men are created
equal!
 McCulloch vs. Maryland- 1819
 States cannot tax the federal bank
 “The power to tax is the power to destroy”
Interstate means that it
goes through more than
one state! Like 95 the
bane of our existence.
 In 1803, Thomas Jefferson bought the Louisiana territory from
France doubling the size of the U.S.
 Lewis and Clark were sent by Jefferson to explore Louisiana
Territory – a lot west of the Mississippi River
 Sacajawea, a native American woman, served as their guide
and translator
 Many Americans began moving west
 Manifest Destiny- belief that the United States should
encompass the land between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans,
resulted in violent conflicts with Native Americans
American merchant
Great Britain
I hate you,
French dude!
You boys can
keep on
killing each
other. If either
of y’all need
anything, just
give us
Yankees a
holler!
Je
vous
hais
plus!
France
Causes of the War of 1812
Great Britain
• In 1803, Britain and
France went to war
again.
• Both
countries
seized U.S.
ships sailing
towards the
ports of their
enemy.
France
Causes
 The British and French were at war.
 British blocked American ships from trading with
France
 Impressments- American sailors were forced to serve
in the British navy
War
 James Madison declared war on the British
 Treaty of Ghent ended the war; prewar boundaries
between the British and U.S. were restored
 Federalists opposed the treaty, talked of secession
and proposed constitutional amendments, which
were not acted upon
Washington, D.C is Attacked
• In 1814, the British set
Washington, D.C. on fire,
including the White House.
The city was completely
unprepared for the
invaders, but one woman
took immediate action.
Even as people were
fleeing the city in droves,
First Lady Dolley
Madison refused to leave
without some of the
nation's most important
treasures-including the
famous Gilbert Stuart
portrait of George
Washington.
The Star-Spangled
Banner
• The British attacked
Fort McHenry at
Baltimore.
• Francis Scott Key
watched the battle from
a British ship, where he
was trying to convince
the British to release an
American prisoner.
• When the smoke cleared, “our flag was still there”.
• In response, Key wrote the poem “Defence of Fort
M'Henry”, which later was put to music and renamed “The
Star-Spangled Banner”.
Treaty of Ghent
• While it ended the war, the treaty did not resolve any of the
problems between Britain and the U.S.
Battle of New Orleans
• Led by Gen. Andrew Jackson, the U.S. defeated the British
two weeks after the Treaty of Ghent was signed.
• Casualties: Britain – 2,030; U.S. – 7