Poetry Portfolio Day 1: Riddle Poem Start Here: What is poetry? Poetry makes us think about and see the world in a new way through words, patterns of sound, and appealing to our emotions. The following poem by Emily Dickinson is what we call a riddle poem. A riddle poem makes us think about the world in a different way by describing something without explicitly identifying it. We have to figure out what the poem is about! A narrow fellow in the grass A narrow fellow in the grass Occasionally rides; You may have met him,--did you not, His notice sudden is. The grass divides as with a comb, A spotted shaft is seen; And then it closes at your feet And opens further on. He likes a boggy acre, A floor too cool for corn. Yet when a child, and barefoot, I more than once, at morn, Have passed, I thought, a whip-lash Unbraiding in the sun,-When, stooping to secure it, It wrinkled, and was gone. Several of nature's people I know, and they know me; I feel for them a transport Of cordiality; But never met this fellow, Attended or alone, Without a tighter breathing, And zero at the bone. 1 --Emily Dickinson Did you figure out what the poem is about? ______________________ List three details from the poem that are descriptive: 1. 2. 3. Now, you get to write your own riddle poem! It must have the following: ● ● ● ● be about one specific thing have at least 10 lines be descriptive about how the thing looks, acts, smells like, etc. not name the thing or give too much away! Some things you might write your riddle poem about: car strawberry wave book elephant baby’s rattle umbrella boiling water kitten heartbeat smoke rain music ring sneeze darkness mug moon clock cabinet light bulb arrow whistle sunflower painting laughter river ribbon baseball kite Share out: 1. Get into groups of 4 to share out your poem. 2. Take turns reading your poems and have your group members guess what the poem is about. 3. Pick one poem to share out with the whole class. What is person 1’s poem about? ____________________ What is person 2’s poem about? ____________________ What is person 3’s poem about? ____________________ What is your favorite poem from today? Why? Poetry Portfolio Day 2: Ways of Looking Poem Start Here: What is something that you find beautiful? Why is it beautiful? Yesterday you got practice describing things by writing a riddle poem. Today, you will get to write a poem that describes something in many different ways. 2 Read the following poem by Wallace Stevens that describes a blackbird in 13 different ways. Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Blackbird I Among twenty snowy mountains, The only moving thing Was the eye of the blackbird. II I was of three minds, Like a tree In which there are three blackbirds. III The blackbird whirled in the autumn winds. It was a small part of the pantomime. IV A man and a woman Are one. A man and a woman and a blackbird Are one. V I do not know which to prefer, The beauty of inflections Or the beauty of innuendoes, The blackbird whistling Or just after. VI Icicles filled the long window With barbaric glass. The shadow of the blackbird Crossed it, to and fro. The mood Traced in the shadow An indecipherable cause. VII O thin men of Haddam, Why do you imagine golden birds? Do you not see how the blackbird Walks around the feet 3 Of the women about you? VIII I know noble accents And lucid, inescapable rhythms; But I know, too, That the blackbird is involved In what I know. IX When the blackbird flew out of sight, It marked the edge Of one of many circles. X At the sight of blackbirds Flying in a green light, Even the bawds of euphony Would cry out sharply. XI He rode over Connecticut In a glass coach. Once, a fear pierced him, In that he mistook The shadow of his equipage For blackbirds. XII The river is moving. The blackbird must be flying. XIII It was evening all afternoon. It was snowing And it was going to snow. The blackbird sat In the cedar-limbs. --Wallace Stevens Now you get to write your own poem that describes something in many different ways. Keep your sections short and descriptive. You may use what you wrote your riddle poem about yesterday, about your beautiful thing in your Start Here, or anything else you can think of. Your poem must have: ● ● at least 15 lines at least 3 ways of “looking at” your thing 4 Poetry Portfolio Day 3: Imagery Start Here: If you could only have one of your five senses, which would it be and why? By now you are an expert at writing description in poetry which means you are an expert at writing imagery. Imagery in poetry appeals to our senses: sight, hearing, touch, taste, smell. Look back at your poems from the past few days and answer the following questions. Did you have any appeals to sight? What is one example? Did you have any appeals to hearing? What is one example? Did you have any appeals to touch? What is one example? Did you have any appeals to smell? What is one example? Did you have any appeals to taste? What is one example? Now, read the following poem by Gwendolyn Brooks and answer the questions about her poem. Kitchenette Building We are things of dry hours and the involuntary plan, Grayed in, and gray. "Dream" makes a giddy sound, not strong Like "rent", "feeding a wife", "satisfying a man". But could a dream sent up through onion fumes Its white and violet, fight with fried potatoes And yesterday's garbage ripening in the hall, Flutter, or sing an aria down these rooms, Even if we were willing to let it in, Had time to warm it, keep it very clean, Anticipate a message, let it begin? 5 We wonder. But not well! not for a minute! Since Number Five is out of the bathroom now, We think of lukewarm water, hope to get in it. --Gwendolyn Brooks What is one image that appeals to your sight? What is one image that appeals to your hearing? What is one image that appeals to your smell? What is one image that appeals to your taste? What is one image that appeals to your touch? Now you get a chance to write a new poem with imagery or revise a poem you wrote previously by adding new imagery. Your poem may be on any topic you like. Your poem must have: ● ● at least 15 lines imagery that appeals to each of the 5 senses Poetry Portfolio Day 4: Narrative Poetry Start Here: List 3 stories from your childhood that you would like to tell in a poem. 1. 2. 3. Narrative poetry is poetry that tells a story. The following poem by Gary Soto, about his first date, is an excellent example of a narrative poem. Oranges The first time I walked With a girl, I was twelve, Cold, and weighted down With two oranges in my jacket. December. Frost cracking Beneath my steps, my breath 6 Before me, then gone, As I walked toward Her house, the one whose Porch light burned yellow Night and day, in any weather. A dog barked at me, until She came out pulling At her gloves, face bright With rouge. I smiled, Touched her shoulder, and led Her down the street, across A used car lot and a line Of newly planted trees, Until we were breathing Before a drugstore. We Entered, the tiny bell Bringing a saleslady Down a narrow aisle of goods. I turned to the candies Tiered like bleachers, And asked what she wanted Light in her eyes, a smile Starting at the corners Of her mouth. I fingered A nickel in my pocket, And when she lifted a chocolate That cost a dime, I didn't say anything. I took the nickel from My pocket, then an orange, And set them quietly on The counter. When I looked up, The lady's eyes met mine, And held them, knowing Very well what it was all About. Outside, A few cars hissing past, Fog hanging like old Coats between the trees. I took my girl's hand in mine for two blocks, Then released it to let Her unwrap the chocolate. 7 I peeled my orange That was so bright against The gray of December That, from some distance, Someone might have thought I was making a fire in my hands. --Gary Soto Write down three examples of imagery from the poem that help to tell the story: 1. 2. 3. Take one of the stories you thought about in your Start Here (or any other story you can think of) and write a narrative poem in the style of Gary Soto’s: imitate his short lines and the way he adds imagery to make the reader experience his story. Your poem must have: ● at least 20 lines ● a clear narrative (story) ● at least 5 pieces of imagery that illuminate the story Partner share: Pair up with a friend and read your poems to each other. Listen carefully as your partner reads. When he or she is done reading, tell the story back in your own words. Have your partner reread any parts that you missed or details that you misunderstood. Poetry Unit Day 5: Poems about Relationships Start Here: What is a happy memory you have of something you a parent or parent-figure (aunt, uncle, grandparent, foster parent, etc) do or used to do together? The key to writing a good poem about your relationship with a person is to not say what your feelings are for that person: rather, you must show the nature of the relationship through actions and imagery. For example, this poem by Theodore Roethke explores his relationship with his father by describing how he used to dance standing on his father’s feet. My Papa’s Waltz The whiskey on your breath 8 Could make a small boy dizzy; But I hung on like death: Such waltzing was not easy. We romped until the pans Slid from the kitchen shelf; My mother's countenance Could not unfrown itself. The hand that held my wrist Was battered on one knuckle; At every step you missed My right ear scraped a buckle. You beat time on my head With a palm caked hard by dirt, Then waltzed me off to bed Still clinging to your shirt. --Theodore Roethke How do you think the speaker feels about his father? What are 3 imagery details about the dad? 1. 2. 3. You now get a chance to write a poem about an important adult in your life. Before you get writing, complete the following brainstorm: What are 3 imagery details you will use to describe your parent or parent-figure? 1. 2. 3. What are 3 imagery details you will use to describe what you are doing together (see your Start Here)? 1. 2. 3. 9 Your completed relationship poem must: ● have at least 10 lines ● have at least 6 imagery details as listed in the brainstorm above ● show the relationship and not tell about it Poetry Portfolio Day 6: Poem about Food Start Here: Describe a food that is important to your family. Food is a popular topic for many poets because it involves so many of our senses (a great chance to use imagery) and is an important part of all cultures. Read the following by William Matthews as an example. Onions How easily happiness begins by dicing onions. A lump of sweet butter slithers and swirls across the floor of the sauté pan, especially if its errant path crosses a tiny slick of olive oil. Then a tumble of onions. This could mean soup or risotto or chutney (from the Sanskrit chatni, to lick). Slowly the onions go limp and then nacreous and then what cookbooks call clear, though if they were eyes you could see clearly the cataracts in them. It’s true it can make you weep to peel them, to unfurl and to tease from the taut ball first the brittle, caramel-colored and decrepit papery outside layer, the least recent the reticent onion wrapped around its growing body, for there’s nothing to an onion but skin, and it’s true you can go on weeping as you go on in, through the moist middle skins, the sweetest and thickest, and you can go on 10 in to the core, to the bud-like, acrid, fibrous skins densely clustered there, stalky and incomplete, and these are the most pungent, like the nuggets of nightmare and rage and murmury animal comfort that infant humans secrete. This is the best domestic perfume. You sit down to eat with a rumor of onions still on your twice-washed hands and lift to your mouth a hint of a story about loam and usual endurance. It’s there when you clean up and rinse the wine glasses and make a joke, and you leave the minutest whiff of it on the light switch, later, when you climb the stairs. --William Matthews Matthews writes about how onions are prepared and eaten in addition to merely describing them. Think about the food your wrote about in your Start Here: What is the process of making the food? When do you make the food? Why is it made? What does the food look like, smell like, taste like? What does it sound like while it’s cooking? Now, write a complete poem about your food. Your poem must include: ● at least 15 lines ● imagery about the preparation of the food ● imagery about the smell, taste, look, and sound of the food Poetry Portfolio Day 7: Rhyming Poems Start Here: What is one of your favorite places? List 3 details about the place. 11 1. 2. 3. The key to writing modern rhyming poetry is to deemphasize the rhymes as much as possible. Poems that obviously rhyme often sound sing-songy and this can be contrary to the poet’s intended meaning. Consider the following poem by Philip Larkin. His poetry sounds like ordinary speech, yet is it strictly rhymed and metered. Larkin achieves this by rhyming words with varying numbers of syllables and using a mix of slant and pure rhyme. Church Going Once I am sure there's nothing going on I step inside, letting the door thud shut. Another church: matting, seats, and stone, And little books; sprawlings of flowers, cut For Sunday, brownish now; some brass and stuff Up at the holy end; the small neat organ; And a tense, musty, unignorable silence, Brewed God knows how long. Hatless, I take off My cycle-clips in awkward reverence. Move forward, run my hand around the font. From where I stand, the roof looks almost new Cleaned, or restored? Someone would know: I don't. Mounting the lectern, I peruse a few Hectoring large-scale verses, and pronounce 'Here endeth' much more loudly than I'd meant. The echoes snigger briefly. Back at the door I sign the book, donate an Irish sixpence, Reflect the place was not worth stopping for. Yet stop I did: in fact I often do, And always end much at a loss like this, Wondering what to look for; wondering, too, When churches will fall completely out of use What we shall turn them into, if we shall keep A few cathedrals chronically on show, Their parchment, plate and pyx in locked cases, And let the rest rent-free to rain and sheep. Shall we avoid them as unlucky places? Or, after dark, will dubious women come To make their children touch a particular stone; Pick simples for a cancer; or on some Advised night see walking a dead one? Power of some sort will go on In games, in riddles, seemingly at random; But superstition, like belief, must die, 12 And what remains when disbelief has gone? Grass, weedy pavement, brambles, buttress, sky, A shape less recognisable each week, A purpose more obscure. I wonder who Will be the last, the very last, to seek This place for what it was; one of the crew That tap and jot and know what rood-lofts were? Some ruin-bibber, randy for antique, Or Christmas-addict, counting on a whiff Of gown-and-bands and organ-pipes and myrrh? Or will he be my representative, Bored, uninformed, knowing the ghostly silt Dispersed, yet tending to this cross of ground Through suburb scrub because it held unspilt So long and equably what since is found Only in separation - marriage, and birth, And death, and thoughts of these - for which was built This special shell? For, though I've no idea What this accoutred frowsty barn is worth, It pleases me to stand in silence here; A serious house on serious earth it is, In whose blent air all our compulsions meet, Are recognized, and robed as destinies. And that much never can be obsolete, Since someone will forever be surprising A hunger in himself to be more serious, And gravitating with it to this ground, Which, he once heard, was proper to grow wise in, If only that so many dead lie round. --Philip Larkin What is the rhyme scheme of this poem? What words does Larkin rhyme that... a. Have a variety of syllable lengths? b. Are a pure rhyme? c. Are a slant rhyme? Now it’s your turn to write a rhyming poem in the style of Larkin’s, about an important place. Your poem must include: ● at least 15 lines ● rhyming ● abundant imagery and details 13 Poetry Portfolio Day 8: Poems about Tragedy Start Here: Describe a significant, sad event in your life or the life of someone you know. Now that you’ve had plenty of practice writing description, you’re ready to tackle some more difficult but important material: a tragic event in your life or the life of someone you know. Read the following example by Anne Sexton about the death of her mother and father and the example by Seamus Heaney about the accidental death of his young brother. The Truth the Dead Know For my Mother, born March 1902, died March 1959 and my Father, born February 1900, died June 1959 Gone, I say and walk from church, refusing the stiff procession to the grave, letting the dead ride alone in the hearse. It is June. I am tired of being brave. We drive to the Cape. I cultivate myself where the sun gutters from the sky, where the sea swings in like an iron gate and we touch. In another country people die. My darling, the wind falls in like stones from the whitehearted water and when we touch we enter touch entirely. No one's alone. Men kill for this, or for as much. And what of the dead? They lie without shoes in the stone boats. They are more like stone than the sea would be if it stopped. They refuse to be blessed, throat, eye and knucklebone. --Anne Sexton Mid-term Break I sat all morning in the college sick bay Counting bells knelling classes to a close. 14 At two o'clock our neighbors drove me home. In the porch I met my father crying-He had always taken funerals in his stride-And Big Jim Evans saying it was a hard blow. The baby cooed and laughed and rocked the pram When I came in, and I was embarrassed By old men standing up to shake my hand And tell me they were "sorry for my trouble," Whispers informed strangers I was the eldest, Away at school, as my mother held my hand In hers and coughed out angry tearless sighs. At ten o'clock the ambulance arrived With the corpse, stanched and bandaged by the nurses. Next morning I went up into the room. Snowdrops And candles soothed the bedside; I saw him For the first time in six weeks. Paler now, Wearing a poppy bruise on his left temple, He lay in the four foot box as in his cot. No gaudy scars, the bumper knocked him clear. A four foot box, a foot for every year. --Seamus Heaney Which poem do you like better? Why? The emotional weight of these poems is achieved through the imagery that the poets chose to represent. What is the most powerful image in each of the poems for you? Sexton: Heaney: A major difference between the two poems is that Sexton chooses to focus on her own emotions, while Heaney avoids his own emotions and focuses on the feelings of the people around him. Think about your own tragic event. What details could you show to express how you felt? 1. 2. 3. 15 What details could you show to portray how other people felt? 1. 2. 3. Now it’s time to write about your tragic event. Your poem must include: ● at least 15 lines ● imagery to show how you felt ● imagery to show how other people felt Poetry Portfolio Day 9: The Haiku Start Here: What is something about nature you love? Why does it appeal to you? A haiku is a traditional Japanese poetic form that is characterized by very short lines and dense imagery. The key to a good haiku is to not waste as single syllable: pick every word with care, choosing words that are both accurate in meaning and evoke the images you want through sound and connotation. Haikus are often written about nature, but can potentially be about anything. Consider the haikus below. Notice that they are not all arranged in lines of 5-7-5 syllables and the poems are not always limited to one tercet. Autumn moonlight – a worm digs silently into the chestnut. Snow in my shoe. Abandoned sparrows nest. Jack Kerouac Old pond a frog jumps the sound of water. Matsuo Basho Whitecaps on the bay: a broken signboard banging in the April wind. Autumn wind – mountain’s shadow wavers. Richard Wright Don’t weep, insects – Lovers, stars themselves, Must part. Kobayashi Issa What is the primary image and the corresponding emotion conveyed by each of the haikus? 1. Basho2. Issa3. Kerouac4. Wright- 16 Now it’s your turn to write a haiku. You may choose to stick with the 5-7-5 format or not. You must write in short groups of 3 lines. You can choose to write about nature or something else. Start with a single image: What emotions do you feel when you imagine this image? Your haiku must include: ● at least 3 and no more than 6 lines ● accurate, powerful language ● an implied emotion Poetry Portfolio Day 10: Speaking in Another Voice Start Here: If you could be someone or something else, who or what would you be? In a poem, the voice of the person talking does not have to be the voice of the poet--in fact it rarely is! Sometimes though, the poet writes in a voice that is clearly not their own. For example, “The Kitchen Shears Speak” by Christine Balk. The Kitchen Shears Speak This division must end. Again I'm forced to amputate the chicken's limb; slit the joint, clip the heart, snip wing from back, strip fat from flesh, separate everything from itself. I'm used, thrown down by unknown hands, by cowards who can't bear to do the constant severing. Open and close! Open and close. I work and never tell. Though mostly made of mouth, I have no voice, no legs. My arms are bent, immobile 17 pinions gripped by strangers. I fear the grudge things must hold. I slice rose from bush, skin from muscle, head from carrot, root from lettuce, tail from fish. I break the bone. What if they join against me, uncouple me, throw away one-half, or hide my slashed eye? Or worse, what if I never die? What I fear most is being caught, then rusted rigid, punished like a prehistoric bird, fossilized, and changed into a winged lizard, trapped while clawing air, stuck in stone with open beak. --Christine Balk Answer the following to get yourself started on writing a poem in another voice: Who or what are you? List 3 details about what your world is like: 1. 2. 3. What is important to you? What are you afraid of? What do you want to tell everyone about what it’s like to be you? Your poem must include: ● at least 10 lines ● written in the voice of another person or thing ● imagery about what life is like for that person or thing ● a title that gives us a hint about the speaker of the poem Poetry Portfolio Day 11: Retelling a Story 18 Start Here: What is one of your favorite myths or one of your favorite nursery stories as a child? Poets often retell myths or other common stories in our culture to draw a comparison between the original story and the retelling. Take the following retelling of Hansel and Gretel which examines female stereotypes. Gretel A woman is born to this: sift, measure, mix, roll thin. She learns the dough until it folds into her skin and there is no difference. Much later she tries to lose it. Makes bets with herself and wins enough to keep trying. One day she begins that long walk in unfamiliar woods. She means to lose everything she is. She empties her dark pockets, dropping enough crumbs to feed all the men who have ever touched her or wished. When she reaches the clearing she is almost transparent— so thin the old woman in the house seizes only the brother. You know the rest: She won’t escape that oven. She’ll eat the crumbs meant for him, remember something of his touch, reach for the sifter and the cup. 19 --Andrea Hollander Budy Think about your favorite myth or childhood story. Many of these stories have morals: how can retell this story in a way that questions this moral? Or, you can simply bring an adult perspective to the story. What story are you going to retell? How are you going to change or mature the moral of this story? Your poem must include: ● at least 10 lines ● clear references to the story you are retelling ● a changed moral or message ● as always: imagery! Poetry Portfolio Day 12: Holiday Poem Start Here: What is your favorite holiday? What is your favorite activity on that holiday? After reading the poem “Halloween” by Mac Hammond, write your own poem about your favorite activity of your favorite holiday. Halloween The butcher knife goes in, first, at the top And carves out the round stemmed lid, The hole of which allows the hand to go In to pull the gooey mess inside, out The walls scooped clean with a spoon. A grim design decided on, that afternoon, The eyes are the first to go, Isosceles or trapezoid, the square nose, The down-turned mouth with three Hideous teeth and, sometimes, Round ears. At dusk it's Lighted, the room behind it dark. Outside, looking in, it looks like a Pumpkin, it looks like ripeness 20 Is all. Kids come, beckoned by Fingers of shadows on leaf-strewn lawns To trick or treat. Standing at the open Door, the sculptor, a warlock, drops Penny candies into their bags, knowing The message of winter: only the children, Pretending to be ghosts, are real. --Mac Hammond When you’re writing your poem, go deep into the detail of the event you’re describing like Hammond does with carving the pumpkin. Zoom in on the event and give us all the details. Describe it step by step. Your poem must include: ● at least 15 lines ● descriptions of an important event Poetry Portfolio Day 13: Simile Poem Start Here: Who is a person you would like to write a poem for? What would you say to them in that poem? A simile is a comparison using “like” or “as.” Poets use similes to create images, suggest ideas, and evoke emotions. Many poems have at least one simile, but the poem “Sweet like a Crow” by Michael Ondaatje is made entirely of similes! Sweet Like a Crow Your voice sounds like a scorpion being pushed through a glass tube like someone has just trod on a peacock like wind howling in a coconut like a rusty bible, like someone pulling barbed wire across a stone courtyard, like a pig drowning, a vattacka being fried a bone shaking hands a frog singing at Carnegie Hall. Like a crow swimming in milk, like a nose being hit by a mango like the crowd at the Royal-Thomian match, a womb full of twins, a pariah dog with a magpie in its mouth like the midnight jet from Casablanca like Air Pakistan curry, a typewriter on fire, like a hundred 21 pappadans being crunched, like someone trying to light matches in a dark room, the clicking sound of a reef when you put your head into the sea, a dolphin reciting epic poetry to a sleepy audience, the sound of a fan when someone throws brinjals at it, like pineapples being sliced in the Pettah market like betel juice hitting a butterfly in mid-air like a whole village running naked onto the street and tearing their sarongs, like an angry family pushing a jeep out of the mud, like dirt on the needle, like 8 sharks being carried on the back of a bicycle like 3 old ladies locked in the lavatory like the sound I heard when having an afternoon sleep and someone walked through my room in ankle bracelets. --Michael Ondaatje Think of that person you wrote about in your Start Here and what you want to say to them. Here is your chance to say it, but you must say it entirely with similes! Your poem must include: ● at least 10 lines ● have only similes ● begin with the phrase “Your _______ is like...” Just as Ondaatje uses similes that are funny, strange, beautiful, mysterious, and ridiculous, you too should vary the meaning of your similes. Poetry Portfolio Day 14: How-To Poem Start Here: What is something that you do well? Poems can take on any form of language, including the imperative, which is how we give directions (ex. “Stop there” is imperative, an order). A “how-to” poem is a poem that gives instructions for something, usually in a fantastical way. Take Eve Merriam’s “How to Eat a Poem” for example. How to Eat a Poem Don't be polite. Bite in. Pick it up with your fingers and lick the juice that may run down your chin. It is ready and ripe now, whenever you are. You do not need a knife or fork or spoon or plate or napkin or tablecloth. 22 For there is no core or stem or rind or pit or seed or skin to throw away. --Eve Merriam Today you will write your own how to poem describing something that you can do well in a way that mixes the ordinary and realistic with the creative and unfamiliar. Your poem must include: ● at least 15 lines ● directions on how to do something ● “How To” in the title ● a mixture of practical directions and fanciful advice Poetry Portfolio Day 15: Poems about Poems Start Here: Has your definition of poetry changed at all since the first day? Why or why not? By now you’re quite good at the process of writing poems. The nature and process of writing is something poets often write about. For example, our poem from yesterday “How to Eat a Poem,” and today’s poem, “Introduction to Poetry” by Billy Collins, both are about reading poetry. Introduction to Poetry I ask them to take a poem and hold it up to the light like a color slide or press an ear against its hive. I say drop a mouse into a poem and watch him probe his way out, or walk inside the poem's room and feel the walls for a light switch. I want them to waterski 23 across the surface of a poem waving at the author's name on the shore. But all they want to do is tie the poem to a chair with rope and torture a confession out of it. They begin beating it with a hose to find out what it really means. --Billy Collins Collins wants his students to enjoy poems but they are only worried about what the poem “means.” Think about your experiences with poetry over the last few weeks. Write a poem in which you explore the meaning of poetry. You may write about writing, reading, or write another how-to poem about poetry. Your poem must have at least 15 lines--no other restrictions. 24