Lesson 11
Book ３
Silent spring
Rachel Carson
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Lesson 11
Book ３
Contents
Part One: Warm-up
Part Two: Background Information
Part Three: Text Appreciation
Part Four: Language Study
Part Five: Extension
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part One
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On Environment
1. What do you know about environmental
pollution?
Pollution refers primarily to the fouling of air, water,
and land by wastes. Thus litter, billboards, and auto
junkyards are said to constitute visual pollution;
noise excessive enough to cause psychological or
physical damage is considered noise pollution; and
waste heat that alters local climate or affects fish
populations in rivers is designated thermal pollution.
The 20th century has seen pollution approach crisis
proportions throughout the world.
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For
reference
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On Environment
2. What environmental problems do we have
nowadays?
Air pollution
Air pollution is contamination of the air by
noxious gases and minute particles of solid and
liquid matter in concentrations that endanger
health. The major sources of air pollution are
transportation engines, power and heat
generation, industrial processes, and the burning
of solid waste.
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reference
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On Environment
Global warming
Global warming is the gradual increase of the
temperature of the earth's lower atmosphere as
a result of the increase in greenhouse gases.
Some longer-term results of global warming
include melting of polar ice, with a resulting rise
in sea level and coastal flooding; disruption of
drinking water supplies dependent on snow
melts; profound changes in agriculture due to
climate change. Among factors that may be
contributing to global warming are the burning of
coal, petroleum products, and deforestation.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
On Environment
Noise pollution
Human created noise harmful to health or
welfare. Transportation vehicles are the worst
offenders, with aircraft, trucks, buses,
automobiles, and motorcycles all producing
excessive noise. Apart from hearing loss, noise
can cause lack of sleep, irritability, heartburn,
indigestion, high blood pressure, and possibly
heart disease. Noise-induced stress creates
severe tension in daily living and contributes to
mental illness.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part Two
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Background information
I.
Author
II. Silent Spring
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Author
Rachel Carson (1907—
1964) was an American
biologist and writer. She
was a quiet, private person,
fascinated with the
workings of nature from a
scientific and aesthetic
point of view.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.



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Author
grew up on a small Pennsylvania farm, went
to the Pennsylvania College, majored in
zoology, and then went to John Hopkins for a
master’s degree in genetics.
published Under the Sea-Wind, then The Sea
Around Us and The Edge of the Sea, and
finally Silent Spring in 1962. In the wake of
Silent Spring, she was attacked personally
and as a scientist by many. While she was
working on Silent Spring, she was seriously
ill, a niece died and left a young son whom
she adopted, her mother died, and she
learned she had breast cancer.
died two years after Silent Spring was
published, at age 56.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Author
Quotes from Rachel Carson
It is the public that is being asked to assume the
risks that the insect controllers calculate. The public
must decide whether it wishes to continue on the
present road, and it can do so only when in full
possession of the facts.
We still talk in terms of conquest. We still haven't
become mature enough to think of ourselves as only
a tiny part of a vast and incredible universe. Man's
attitude toward nature is today critically important
simply because we have now acquired a fateful
power to alter and destroy nature.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Author
Quotes from Rachel Carson
But man is a part of nature, and his war against
nature is inevitably a war against himself. The
rains have become an instrument to bring down
from the atmosphere the deadly products of
atomic explosions. Water, which is probably our
most important natural resource, is now used and
re-used with incredible recklessness.
Now, I truly believe, that we in this generation,
must come to terms with nature, and I think
we’re challenged as mankind has never been
challenged before to prove our maturity and our
mastery, not of nature, but of ourselves.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Author
Quotes from Rachel Carson
The more clearly we can focus our attention on
the wonders and realities of the universe about us,
the less taste we shall have for destruction.
Those who dwell, as scientists or laymen, among
the beauties of the earth are never alone or weary
in life… Those who contemplate the beauty of the
earth find reserves of strength that will endure as
long as life lasts.
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The end of Author.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Author
Quotes from Rachel Carson
The more clearly we can focus our attention on
the wonders and realities of the universe about us,
the less taste we shall have for destruction.
Those who dwell, as scientists or laymen, among
the beauties of the earth are never alone or weary
in life… Those who contemplate the beauty of the
earth find reserves of strength that will endure as
long as life lasts.
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The end of Author.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Silent Spring
received a letter from a friend
in the summer of 1957, saying
that an airplane hired by the
state spraying DDT to control
mosquitoes.
shocked by how extensive the
pesticide situation was; decided
to write about it and let people
know.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Silent Spring
Summary of the book
The book starts with a fable of a lovely rural town
that suddenly suffers blight, sickness, and death.
Its people finally realize they had poisoned
themselves. She presented scientific evidence that
this was happening all over the country. She
explained in plain terms how the strongest bugs
survive, making stronger pesticides necessary, and
that DDT, though scarce in the water, becomes
concentrated as it works its way up the food chain.
She advocated integrated management: using a
minimum of chemicals combined with biological and
cultural controls.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Silent Spring
Significance of the book
It roused a new public awareness that nature was
vulnerable to human intervention. She proposed that, at
times, technological progress is so fundamentally at
odds with natural processes that it must be curtailed.
Conservation had never raised much broad public
interest, for few people really worried about the
disappearance of wilderness. But the threats She had
outlined—the contamination of the food chain, cancer,
genetic damage, the deaths of entire species—were too
frightening to ignore. For the first time, the need to
regulate industry in order to protect the environment
became widely accepted, and environmentalism was
born.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Silent Spring
Significance of the book
Thomas Paine's Common Sense galvanized radical
sentiment in the early days of the American
revolution.
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom's Cabin roused
Northern antipathy to slavery in the decade leading
up to the Civil War.
Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, which exposed the
hazards of the pesticide DDT, eloquently questioned
humanity's faith in technological progress and
helped set the stage for the environmental
movement.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Silent Spring
The book that her efforts resulted in was about the
spraying and what it did to the birds and other
creatures. But that does not begin to describe its
scope or account for its impact. One might just as
well say that Darwin wrote about turtles and the
Pacific islands where they were found. (Esquire
magazine)
With the publication of Silent Spring in 1962, Rachel
Louise Carson, the essence of gentle scholarship, set
off a nationally publicized struggle between the
proponents and opponents of the widespread use of
poisonous chemicals to kill insects. Miss Carson was
an opponent. (THE New York TIMES)
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The end of Silent Spring.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part Three
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Text Appreciation
I.
Text analysis
1. Theme
2. Structure
II. Writing devices
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Diction
Antithesis
Alliteration & assonance
Rhetorical question
Metaphor
Parallelism
III. Sentence paraphrase
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Text Analysis
Theme of the story
Out of his ignorance
and lack of concern for
the integrity of nature,
man is tampering with
nature by abusing
chemicals, causing
irrecoverable harms
on environment and
people.
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The end of Theme.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Text Analysis
Structure of the text
Part 1 (paras. 1—2) about:
beauty and harmony enjoyed
by both nature and all its life
Part 2 (paras. 3—5 ) about:
evil spell
transitional paragraphs, directing
readers’ attention to the very
Part 3 (paras. 6 — 9) about: cause of the nationwide disaster— a
white powder, the chemical
explanation of how the ecological
Part 4 (paras.10—23 ) about: disasters were created
Part 5 (paras. 24—25 ) about: proper solution to the disasters
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The end of structure.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Text Analysis
Before & after
the use of chemicals
Before
the use
all life in harmony with its surrounding
people’s life: the town in the midst of prosperous
farms; fishing the streams
plants: blooming flowers; growing on green field;
oak, maple, birch flaming and flickering with life
animals: birds feeding on the berries and on the
seed heads of the dried weeds rising above the snow;
floods of migrants pouring through; sweet singing of
birds
After
the use
loss of life: mysterious diseases sweeping the flock
of chickens; sickening and killing cattle and sheep and
fish; several and unexplained deaths of adults and
children; birds trembling violently and being unable to
fly; soundless birds; browned and withered
vegetation
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Scan the text
and list out
the related
information.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Text Analysis
Before & after
the use of chemicals
colorful nature:
in spring:white clouds of bloom , green fields,
Before in autumn: oak and maple and birch setting up a
blaze of color that flamed and flickered
the use
in winter:white snow
Through much of a year: laurel, ferns,
wildflowers
After
the use
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colorful nature: brown, withered
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Discuss
in groups.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Text Analysis
Before & after
the use of chemicals
Before
the use
active nature:
Sound: barking of the fox, birds’ chorus in the
morning
Movement: drift, flame, flicker, silently cross
the fields, fly and feed, pour through, observe,
flow, lie, raise houses, sink wells, build barns
After
the use
silent nature:
Sound: stillness, a spring without voices
Movement: backyards deserted, birds trembled
violently and could not fly, fish died
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Discuss
in groups.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Polysyndeton
Stress each
details
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set
up a blaze of color that flamed and
flickered across a background of pines.
(1)
… only silence lay over the fields and the
woods and marsh. (4)
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Polysyndeton:
repetition of
conjunctions in
close succession,
which has an
cumulative effect
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Polysyndeton
… the physical form and the habits
of the earth’s vegetation and its
animal life have been molded by
the environment. (10)
Chemicals sprayed on croplands or
forests or gardens lie long in soil, …
(11)
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Emotive words:
words that
connote people’s
feelings about
things or ideas
Diction
Emotive & specific words
The town lay in the midst of prosperous
farms, where, in spring, white clouds of
bloom drifted above the green fields. (1)
Impress and move
feelings
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set
up a blaze of color that flamed and
flickered across a background of pines. (1)
Colorful
description of
nature
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
… where countless birds came to feed on the
berries and on the seed heads of the dried
weeds rising above the snow. (2)
Along the roads, laurel, great ferns and
wildflowers delighted the traveler’s eye... (2)
Specific words stressing abundance and
variety of species
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
Then foxes barked in the hills and deer
silently crossed the field. (1)
Others came to fish the streams, which
flowed clear and cold out of the hills and
contained shady pools where trout lay. (2)
… and when the flood of migrants was
pouring through in spring… (2)
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Specific words
make the
description vivid
and lively.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Emotive & specific words
… mysterious diseases swept the flocks of chicken;
the cattle and sheep sickened and died. (3)
The few birds seen anywhere trembled
violently and could not fly. (4)
… that had once throbbed with the dawn chorus
of scores of bird voices there was now no sound;
only silence lay over the fields and woods and
marsh. (4)
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Qualifying phrases
To a large extent, the physical form and the
habits of the earth’s vegetation and its animal
life have been molded by the environment. (10)
Considering the whole span of earthly time, the
opposite effect, in which life actually modifies its
surroundings, had been relatively slight. (10)
Only in the present century has one species—
man—acquired significant power to alter the nature
of this world. (10)
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Qualifying
phrases stress
precision.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Diction
Concrete words
Pure factual
description
Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or
gardens lie long in soil, entering into living
organisms, passing from one to another in
a chain of poisoning and death. Or they
pass mysteriously by underground
streams until they emerge and combine
into new forms that kill vegetation, sicken
cattle, and work unknown harm on those
who drink from once pure wells. (11)
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Tht end of Diction.
Concrete words
describe
identifiable
qualities of
particular things,
feelings or events.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Antithesis
The rapidity of change follows the impetuous
pace of man rather than the deliberate pace
of nature. (13)
a pair of antitheses
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“drastic and rapid pace of man”
vs.
“slow and careful pace of nature”
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Antithesis: the
relation between
successive units
that are put in
contrast
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Antithesis: more examples
 This imagined tragedy may
easily become a harsh reality
we all shall know. (8)
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The end of Antithesis.
Try to find
more examples
in the text.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Alliteration & assonance
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a
blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a
background of pines. (1)
…, and many real communities have already
suffered a substantial number of them, ... (8)
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Alliteration is the
repetition of the
same consonant
sounds or of
different vowel
sounds at the
beginning of words.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Alliteration & assonance:
more examples
There had been several sudden and unexplained
deaths, not only among adults but even among
children. (3)
Others came to fish the streams, which flowed
clear and cold out of the hills and contained
shady pools where trout lay. (2)
The use of alliteration and assonance helps
achieving sensory impressions.
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The end of Alliteration & assonance.
Assonance is
the repetition of
identical or
similar vowel
sounds.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Rhetorical question
Can anyone believe it is possible to lay down such
a large number of poisons on the surface of the
earth without making it unfit for all life? (16)
How could intelligent beings seek to control a few
unwanted species by a method that contaminated
the entire environment and brought the threat of
disease and death even to his own kind? (18)
Rhetorical question is often used
in argument & persuasion.
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The end of Rhetorical question.
Rhetorical question
is a question asked
to imply a definite
answer.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Metaphor
The town lay in the midst of prosperous farms,
where, in spring, white clouds of bloom drifted
above the green fields. (1)
metaphor: a figure of speech
containing an implied comparison
in which one thing is described in
terms of another.
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More examples
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Metaphor: more examples
In autumn, oak and maple and birch set up a
blaze of color that flamed and flickered across a
background of pines. (1)
Metaphor used together with
alliteration stressing the striking
display of colors
The countryside was, in fact, famous for the
abundance and variety of its bird life, and when
the flood of migrants were pouring through in
spring and fall people traveled from great
distances to observe them. (2)
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Metaphor
is used to
heighten
effect
and
clarity.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Metaphor: more examples
On the mornings that had once
throbbed with the dawn chorus of
scores of bird voices there was
now no sound; … (4)
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The end of Metaphor.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Writing Devices
Parallelism
These chemicals are now applied almost
universally to farms, gardens, forests, and homes,
killing every insect, the “good” and the “bad”, to
still the song of birds and the leaping of fish, to
coat the leaves with a deadly film, and to linger on
in soil… (16)
Clear and
effective
Chemicals sprayed on croplands or forests or
gardens lie long in soil, entering into living
organisms, passing from one to another in a
chain of poisoning and death. (11)
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The end of Writing Devices.
Parallelism
involve s
balancing
t
h
e
structural
elements of
a sentence.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 1
The rapidity of change follows the impetuous
pace of man rather than the deliberate pace of
nature. (13)
The rapid change of the
environment takes
place as a consequence
of man’s drastic and
reckless alteration of
nature. It does not
occur as a result of slow
and careful working of
nature.
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More examples
Parallel structure:
introduced by
correlative
conjunctions, such as
either…or, both…and,
not only…but also,
whether…or, rather
than
go to 2
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 2
Given time—time not in years but in
millennia—life adjusts, and a balance has been
reached. (12)
If life is given time
More examples
Participle phrase used as
adverbial of conditions
It takes thousands of years for life to adapt itself
to environment. Actually it so happens that life
adapts and a balance has been reached.
go to 3
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 3
And even this, were it by some miracle possible,
would be futile, for the new chemicals come
from our laboratories in an endless stream.
(14)
Unreal conditional
If it were…possible clause in which “were”
is placed at the
beginning of the
clause
Even if life did adjust to the chemicals by some
miracle, it would be useless, because the new
chemicals are continuously created and produced .
go to 4
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More examples
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 4
The chemicals are the synthetic creations
of man’s inventive mind, having no
counterparts in nature. (13)
Man-made products
Man’s
creative
power
There are no such things as
chemicals in nature.
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go to 5
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 5
The whole process of spraying seems caught up
in an endless spiral. (17)
Never-ending process
of increasing abuse of
chemicals
Get involved in
The whole process of spraying chemicals to kill
insects is a vicious cycle of chemical abuse.
The more deadly chemicals are used, the more
resistance they meet from the insects. go to 6
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part Four
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ENTER
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 6
Thus it is no accident that our most
troublesome insects are introduced species. (23)
It is certain, unavoidable
“it” used as an
anticipatory subject
That’s why the most troublesome insects in
our country are brought in from other places.
go to 7
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 7
I am saying, rather, that control must be geared to
realities, and that the methods employed must be
such that they do not destroy us along with the
More examples
insects. (19)
Be adapted to
Formal structure
so…that
On the contrary I am saying that the control
should be determined by the actual
environment and that the methods should not
be harmful to humans that they die along with
go to 8
the insects .
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 8
… instead we need the basic knowledge of animal
populations and their relations to their surroundings
that will “promote an even balance and damp down
the explosive power of outbreaks and new invasions”.
(24)
Instead we need the basic knowledge of
animal populations and their relations to their
surroundings. This knowledge contributes to
retaining an equal balance and reducing their
mass-breeding and invading power.
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go to 9
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 9
we have subjected enormous numbers of
people to contact with these poisons,
without their consent and often without
their acknowledge. (25)
make sb. experience, suffer
We have made enormous numbers of people
contact with these poisons.
go to 10
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 10
Can anyone believe it is possible to lay down such a
large number of poisons on the surface of the earth
without making it unfit for all life? (16)
Rhetorical
question
store for
future use
Such a number of poisons stored on the surface of
the earth will surely make it unfit for all living
things.
go to 11
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
III. Sentence Paraphrase 11
Such a system set the stage for explosive
increases in specific insect populations. (20)
Such a way of farming creates favorable
conditions for the rapid increase of
particular insects.
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The end of Sentence Paraphrase.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part Four
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Language Study
I.
Word Study
II. Phrases and Expressions
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
1. abundance
n. a great or plentiful amount, fullness, affluence
Examples:
Carpets are available in abundance.
abundant a.
This area is abundant in petroleum deposit.
abound v.
Streams abound with fish.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
2. assault
v./n. violent physical or verbal attack
(usually implies sudden, intense violence)
Examples:
Muggers often assault their victims on dark
streets.
increases in violent assaults over the past
decade
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
3. colossal
a. enormous (a hugeness that elicits awe)
Examples:
Even by modern standards, the 46, 000
ton Titanic was a colossal ship.
colossal crumbling ruins of an ancient
temple
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
4. confine
v./n. keep within bounds, restrict
Examples:
Please confine your remarks to the issues at
hand.
The sick child was confined to bed.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
5. consent
v./n. agree, accept, approve of
Examples:
• Mary's parents refused their consent to her
marriage.
• Has the minister consented to having his
speech printed?
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
6. contaminate
Word formation
v. a. make impure or unclean by contact or
mixture
b. expose to or permeate with
radioactivity
Examples:
The river was contaminated with waste.
Don't be contaminated by bureaucracy.
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n. contamination
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
7. contend
v. a. strive in opposition or against
difficulties; struggle
b. compete, as in a race; maintain
Examples:
The armies in the two countries are
contending for control of the strategic
territory.
They had to contend with long lines at the
airport.
The defendant contended that the evidence
was inadmissible.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
8. deliberate
a. a. intentional
b. arising from or marked by careful
consideration
Examples:
He mistook the oversight for a deliberate
insult.
He told us a deliberate lie.
They took a deliberate action yesterday.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
9. flicker
v./n. a. move waveringly
b. burn unsteadily or fitfully
• shadows flickering on the wall
• a flicker of doubt
• leaves flickering in the wind
•The candle flickered in the wind.
•flames that flickered in the night
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墙上摇曳的影子
一丝疑虑
在风中摇晃的树叶
蜡烛在风中闪烁不定。
黑夜中闪烁的火光
Translation
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
10. harmony
n. a. agreement in feeling, interests, and
opinions, etc.
b. pleasing combination of related
things
racial harmony
domestic harmony
Everyone lives in harmony.
Tourism should develop in
harmony with environment.
harmonious relationships
harmonize different approaches
into unified strategies
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 种族和睦
 家庭和睦
 每个人和睦生活在一起。
 旅游业应与环境同步发
展。
 和睦的关系
 将不同的方法统一起来
使其成为统一的策略
Translation
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
11. impetuous
a. impulsive and passionate (forceful
impulsiveness or impatience)
Examples:
impetuous, heaving waves
impetuous promise
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奔腾汹涌的浪花
冲动的许诺
Translation
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
12. indiscriminate
a. a. unselective; widespread; wholesale
b. confused; chaotic; unrestrained
Examples:
indiscriminate taste in music
无特殊音乐品味
indiscriminate violence
大规模的暴力事件
the indiscriminate use of pesticides 杀虫剂的广泛使用
the indiscriminate policies of
前任内阁令人困惑
the previous administration
的政策
 indiscriminate spending
无节制的挥霍




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Translation
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
13. intensify
v. make intense or more intense
Translation
More examples
Examples:
放大像
intensified image
The press has intensified its 新闻界已增强了对他
背景的调查。
scrutiny of his background.
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To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
14. modify
v. a. change in form or character; alter
b. make less extreme, severe, or strong
Examples:
The equipment may be modified to produce
VCD sets.
refuse to modify her stand on the issue
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More examples
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
I.
Word Study
Synonyms
15. suppress
v. put an end to forcibly, prohibit the
activities of (suggesting the exercise of
force that drastically inhibits or crushes)
Examples:
suppress anger/annoyance/delight
suppress a sneeze
suppress the urge
The virus suppresses the body’s immune
system.
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repress
stifle
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
List:
1. be caught up in
5. lay down
2. be geared to
6. life-and-death
3. within bounds
7. a limit on
4. immune to
8. set the stage for
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
1. be caught up in
Cf.
v. a. captivated
b. If you get caught up in sth. you become
involved in it often without wanting to.
Examples:
I was caught up in the mood of the evening.
He got caught up in the drugs business.
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catch up with
catch up on
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
catch up with, catch up on
Examples:
You start first, walk on and I'll catch up
with you later.
I have to catch up on my work so I can't
go out.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
2. be geared to
v. adjust or adapt so as to make suitable
Examples:
Education should be geared to children's
needs.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
3. within bounds
being under legal or moral obligation
out of bounds
a. If a place is out of bounds, people are not
allowed to go there.
b. If something is out of bounds, people are not
allowed to do it, use it, see it, or know about it.
Examples:
All our trading activities are within the bounds
of the law.
This area is out of bounds to persons not
concerned.
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
4. immune to
a. a. not affected by a given influence
b. not subject to an obligation imposed on
others
Examples:
immune to persuasion 不能被说服的
immune from taxation 免于纳税
immune from criminal prosecution 免于刑事诉讼
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
5. lay down
v. a. give up and surrender
b. specify
Examples:
lay down their arms
lay down the rules
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
6. life-and-death
a. a. involving or ending in life or death
b. vitally important
.
Examples:
a life-and-death battle
a life-and-death struggle between union and
management
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
7. a limit on
n. 限度，极限
Examples:
What’s the limit on how many bottles of
wine you can bring through customs?
attempt to set a limit on customer waste
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
II.
Phrases and Expressions
8. set the stage for
v. prepare for
Examples:
The president’s recent death set the stage
for a military coup.
Will this agreement merely set the stage for
another war?
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The end of Phrases and Expressions.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Part Five
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ENTER
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz
List:
1. Quiz 1
2. Quiz 2
3. Quiz 3
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Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 1
1. modify
2. consent
3. tremble
4. spell
5. abundance
6. tamper
7. assault
8. intended
9. evolve
10. immune
11. destructive
12. undergo
13. invariably
14. suppress
15. outbreak
16. contention
17. largely
18. potent
19. integrity
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a. powerful
b. mainly
c. charm
d. always
e. free
f. interfere
g. ruinous
h. experience
i. outburst
j. argument
k. develop
l. stifle
m. deliberate
n. completeness
o. plenty
p. shake
q. attack
r. agree
s. alter
The end of Quiz 1.
Match the
items in the
two columns.
Key
1s, 2r, 3p, 4c, 5o, 6f,
7q, 8m, 9k, 10e, 11g,
12h, 13d, 14l, 15i,
16j, 17b, 18a, 19n
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
1. only___ those conditions can we live __ each
other.
a. under, in peace and harmony with
b. by, in peace and harmony with
c. with, under peace and harmony with
d. under, in peace and harmony for
a
2. ___ we seem to have conquered nature. But this is
not true. Many scholars actually say that we
should stop __ nature before it is too late.
a. On the surface, tampering to
b. On the surface, tampering with
c. On the appearance, tampering with
d. In the surface, interfering with
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b
Lesson 4 - Wisdom of Bear Wood
Quiz 2
3. The other day I came across a book, which
came out quite recently. It argued that
education should not be too closely ___ market
needs.
a. geared with
b. geared to
c. link to
d. connect with
4. We were ___ a great dilemma. But then Wei
Ming came ____ a brilliant idea.
a. facing to, up
b. faced with, up with
c. thrown into, across
d. confronted with, to
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b
b
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
5. __ New York is a world in itself because many
different races and ethnic groups ___ each
other.
a. In a certain extent, intermingle with
b. In a certain degree, live with
c. In a certain way, are mixed up with
d. To a certain extent, intermingle with
6. The reform and opening policy has changed
our life ___.
a. in every way
b. for the way
c. on every way
d. in many ways
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d
a
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring -
Quiz 2
7. We have already ___ the terms, but the
contract will have to be ___ higher
authorities for approval.
a. settled on, subjected for
b. settled on, subjected to
c. agreed on, taken for
d. agreed with, referred to
8.
Don’t let us put it ____ until tomorrow. Let’s
get it ____ the way.
a. aside, out of
b. off, out of
c. away, off
d. off, outside
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b
b
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
9.
One problem is the lack of strict inspection.
People actually either know or ____ those who
___ garbage.
a. know of, raise their pigs in
b. know about, feed their pigs to
c. know of, feed their pigs on
d. know, raise their pigs with
10. What happened that day had a great ____ on
people’s lives. Now they all know that no
country can be completely ____ terrorist attack.
a. effect, immune to b. impact, immune from
c. influence, free to
d. result, free from
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c
a
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
11.
Products tend to sell well that are packed in
____ catch the consumer’s eye.
a. such ways as to
b. such way as to
c. ways so as to
d. a way that
12. True friends do not abandon each other ____
of danger.
a. at all times
b. at one time
c. in no time
d. in times
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a
d
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
13. ____ he gets an operation, the boy may lose
his hearing forever.
a. If
b. Given
c. Even though
d. Unless
d
14. His remarks were ____ annoy everybody at
the meeting.
a. so as to
b. such to
c. such as to
d. as much as to
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c
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
15. At the top of the cliff____the deep valley
stood
a ten-foot pine tree.
a. there
b. overlooking
c. where
d. towering
16. ___ his poor health he had to retire at the
age
of 50.
a. Thanks to
b. Because
c. Owing to
d. For
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b
c
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
17.There are times when children feel that
they could manage very well ___ their
parents would leave them alone.
a. only when
b.only if
c. when only
d. if only
d
18. People who speak and write well are
generally ____ educated and intelligent
and give a good impression.
a. being seen
b. to see
c. seen
d. see
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c
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 2
19. The heat in the summer is no less____ in
this mountain region.
a. concentrated
b. extensive
c. intensive
d. intense
20. Obviously, the chairman’s remarks at the
conference were _____ and not planned.
a. substantial
b. synthetic
c. simultaneous
d. spontaneous
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The end of Quiz 2.
d
d
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 3
1.
2.
I love my parents so much that I would
intentionally
not _________hurt
their feelings. (intend)
possessive towards
Some fathers are too _________
their daughters. They wouldn’t let them
out of their sight. (possess)
3.
appointment
I am sorry that I can’t keep the ________
because I will have a meeting this
evening. (appoint)
4.
devotion of too much time to sports
The _______
leaves too little time for studying. (devote)
Considering
________ his age, the little boy reads
5.
very well. (consider)
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To be continued 0n the next page.
Fill out the
blanks with
the proper
form of the
given
words.
Lesson 11 – Silent Spring
Quiz 3
6.
indiscriminate use of
He is worried about the ____________
antibiotics. (discriminate)
7.
intensified its scrutiny of the
The press has _______
candidate's background. (intense)
8.
Technology without morality is barbarous; morality
without technology is impotent
______. (potent)
9.
radiant with joy. (radiate)
She was _______
10.
substantial
They won by a__________margin.
(substance)
11.
12.
synthetic
This _________
dress material does not crush.
(synthetics)
invariably wet when I take my holidays. (vary)
It's _______
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The end of Quiz.