By: Justynne Stenner
&
Sally Matthews
Carbohydrates
• body breaks it down into simple sugars
• major source of energy for the body
• two major types:
– simple
– complex
• simple carbohydrates found in refined sugars
• complex carbohydrates include grain,
crackers, pasta, rice
Fibre
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good for bowels
can lower blood cholesterol
clean intestines
fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
2 kinds of fibre:
– soluble
– insoluble
Water
• without water, body would stop working
properly
• makes up half of your body weight
• water also called “lymph”
• need water to digest food
• each cell needs water to function normally
Fats
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component in food
nuts, oils, butter, and meats like beef
important part of a healthy diet
helps brain and nervous system develop
correctly
• main trans fats:
– unsaturated
– saturated
• fuel body and help absorb some vitamins
Protein
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many foods contain protein
builds up, maintains, replaces tissues in body
used to make protein molecules
used to build cardiac muscle
protein from vegetables and animal sources
Simple and Complex
Carbohydrates
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simple carbohydrates:
also called simple sugars
found in refined sugars
complex carbohydrates
also called starches
bread, crackers, pasta, and rice
gives you energy
Fibre
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cleans out intestines
helps your digestive system work well
helps you feel full
good for you
very important too eat daily
found in plants
Vitamin A
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improves vision for colours and night vision
helps you grow
gives you healthier skin
in Carrots, spinach & sweet potatoes
The B Vitamins
• helps make energy and releases it
• helps make red blood cells
• in whole grains, seafood, meats, dairy, etc.
Vitamin C
• keeps body tissues in good shape
– gums
– muscles
• helps cuts or wounds heal & resists infection
• citrus fruits
Vitamin D
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needed for strong bones
forms strong teeth
helps absorbs calcium
milk, fish, egg yolks, and liver etc.
Vitamin E
• maintains body tissues
– eyes
– skin
– liver
• protects lungs from polluted air
• important for the formation of blood cells
• whole grains, leafy green vegetables, egg
yolks
Calcium
• helps nerve function, muscle contraction, blood
clotting
• creates healthy and strong bones and teeth
• milk, cheese, yogurt
• leafy green vegetables, canned salmon, & orange
juice
Iron
• essential for the transfer of oxygen (from your lungs
to the rest of you body)
• helps in formatting red blood cells
• in nuts, eggs, green leafy vegetables, meat
Magnesium
• helps for the functioning of muscle & nervous tissue
• essential for healthy bones
• in eggs, fish, milk, nuts
Copper
• found in
– red blood cells
– blood plasma
• to make connective tissue in the body
• which is needed for
– strong blood vessels
– cartilage and bones
• copper is mined throughout the world
Sodium
• controls the volume of fluid in body
• maintains the acid balance in body
• controls the functions of the
– muscles
– nerve tissues
• most food has sodium in it especially
– fish
– nuts
Vitamin K
• heals cuts
• creates clotting:
– to prevent infection
– stop bleeding
• leafy green vegetables, dairy products,
broccoli
Bibliography
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http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/fat.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/protein.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/carb.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/nutrition/food/water.html
http://kidshealth.org/kid/word/f/word_fiber.html
http://www.ivy-rose.co.uk/humanbodyscience/minerals.php