Structures and Functions of the
Respiratory System
Respiratory System
Upper Tract
Anatomy
Nose
Physiology
Where air enters and leaves
the respiratory system
-Nose hairs
Trap dirt, dust and the bacteria
that live on them
Respiratory System
Upper Tract
Anatomy
Nasal Cavities
- mucous membrane
Physiology
- -cilia covering membrane
-filter particles and push them
to pharynx
-Produce mucus to provide
warm moisture to the air
entering the body
Respiratory System
Upper Tract
Anatomy
Sinuses
Physiology
-air spaces in skull to reduce
weight
-open into nasal cavities
-also lined with mucous
membrane
*Any mucous membrane can become infected or inflamed. In
your sinuses this condition is know as sinusitis. Sinus headaches
occur when the passage to the sinus is clocked with mucus or
inflamed tissue.
Respiratory System
Upper Tract
Anatomy
Pharynx (Throat)
-nasopharynx
Link
-oropharynx
-laryngopharynx
Physiology
top part of your throat where your nasal
cavities drain, (blocked by soft palate when
you swallow unless you laugh while you are
swallowing- this results in food or liquid
coming out of your nose)
middle part of your throat into which your
mouth opens
the lower part of your throat
Where is the nostril, nasal cavity, pharynx, and sinus?
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Physiology
Larynx
Houses vocal cords “voice box”
Important for swallowing, coughing, vomiting
and defecating
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Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Physiology
Larynx
-thyroid cartilage
“Adam’s apple”
flexibility and protection of larynx
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Larynx
-glottis
-epiglottis
Physiology
opening through which air passes
a flap of tissue that covers your glottis when
you swallow and blocks food from getting into
your larynx
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Larynx
-vocal cords
Physiology
Sound production
Watch the Steven Tyler movie
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Trachea
(windpipe)
Physiology
passage way for air into lungs,
cilia catch impurities
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Bronchial Tree
Physiology
branched airways leading from the trachea
to the microscopic air sacs in the lungs
-Bronchi
carries air into lungs
-Bronchioles
smaller branches off of bronchi
-Alveoli
smallest parts of respiratory system,
involved in gas exchange,
surrounded by capillaries
Respiratory System
Lower Tract
Anatomy
Lungs
-pleural membranes
Physiology
soft, spongy, organs
encase the lungs, involved in regulating
pressure in the lungs
Link
Where is the pleural membrane, primary bronchus,
secondary, bronchus, Tertiary bronchus?
Summary: Where is the bronchus, epiglottis, larynx, trachea,?