DISSECTION PRACTICE PRACTICAL REVIEW
*ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN YOUR JOURNAL!
FUNCTION – Identify the structures based on the description of its function (SPECIFIC!).
1.
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18.
Final stage of digestion and water absorption in the rat – Large intestine
Transmits sensory information in the earthworm – Ventral Nerve Chord
Pumps and receives blood for the earthworm – Aortic Arch/Hearts
Reproductive structures inside the earthworm – Seminal Vesicle/Receptacles/Testis/Ovaries
Stores glycogen, transforms waste, and produces bile for the rat – Liver
Covers the opening to the trachea to keep food and liquid out – Epiglottis
Grinds up food in the earthworm – Gizzard
Eliminates waste in the earthworm – Nephridia, anus
Chambers of the heart that pump blood throughout the body in the rat – Ventricles
Destroys blood cells, stores blood, and helps the immune system – Spleen
Transports food to be digested in both organisms – Esophagus
Allows the rat to break down cellulose – Caecum
Gas exchange for the rat – Lungs
Separates the abdominal cavity from the thoracic cavity and draws air into the chest cavity – Diaphragm
Sac in the earthworm that stores food until it enters the gizzard – Crop
Filters liquid wastes out; main excretory organ for the rat – Kidney
Carries gases to and from the lungs – Trachea
Absorbs nutrients in the earthworm - Intestine
SYSTEMS – List the following structures under their appropriate system. (14 Total)
Structures – clitellum, esophagus, nephridia, crop, ventral nerve cord, glottis, spleen, pancreas, colon, atria,
kidneys, seminal vesicles, trachea, pharynx.
Reproductive
Digestive
Circulatory
Excretory
Nervous
Immune
Respiratory
Clitellum
Seminal Vesicle
Esophagus
Crop
Pancreas
Pharynx
Atria
Nephridia
Colon
Kidney
Ventral N.C.
Spleen
Trachea
Trace the pathway of food as it travels through the earthworm:
Mouth1Pharynx 2Esophagus  3Crop 4Gizzard 5 Intestine  anus
6. What is largest organ of the ones you listed above? How does that relate to its function?
Intestine. Absorbs Nutrients
7. Why are the atria so much smaller than the ventricles in the rat? (Relate structure to function)
Atria receive blood and ventricles pump blood
8. What is the largest organ in the rat’s anatomy? Why?
Liver, because it has many functions
EARTHWORM/RAT PRACTICAL
*IDENTIFY THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURES (ON THE ACTUAL TEST ON MONDAY BE PREPARED TO ALSO KNOW
THE FUNCTIONS AND SYSTEMS FOR EACH STRUCTURE!)
1(Hearts)
2 (Reproductive)
3 Crop
4 Gizzard
5(Intestine)
6(Dorsal Blood Vessel)
7(MUSCLE THAT
SEPERATES THE 2
CAVITIES)
9(ALL THE
COILED TUBE)
8
10
11(SACK
FOR DIG. IN
HERBIVORES)
7. Diaphragm
8. Liver
9. Small intestine
10. Spleen
11. Caecum
12
13(GLAND IN
THE
MESENTARY)
12. Stomach
13. Pancreas
14(TUBE ON
15(TUBE UNDER
TOP W/RINGS)
NO RINGS)
17(CHAMBER
& SIDE)
18(JUST
16(CHAMBER
& SIDE)
19
14. Trachea
15. Esophagus
16. Right Atria
17. Left Atria
18. Ventricles
19. Right lung
20. Left lung
CHAMBER)
20
21
21. Kidney