Word List
Timeline
Mu‘awiya ibn
Abi Sufyan
660-750 Umayyad
caliphate.
Umayyads
660-80 Caliphate of
Mu‘awiya.
Marw/Merv
706-9 Bukhara taken.
711-12 Samarqand taken.
Map Link: The Muslim Conquests:
<http://faculty.polytechnic.org/gzetlian/images/maps/
muslimconquestsmap.gif>
Word List
Timeline
Berbers
711-16 Most of Spain
taken.
Visigoths
Jabal Tariq
(Gibralter)
Charles Martel
716-17 Last attack on
Constantinople.
732 or 733 Franks defeat
Muslims at Tours/
Poitiers.
Word List
Timeline
‘Abd al-Malik
685-705 Caliphate of
‘Abd al-Malik.
qadi (judge)
jizya (poll tax)
Word List
Timeline
mawali (non-Arab
converts)
hadith
680 Death of al-Husayn
at Karbala’.
‘ilm (knowledge/divine guidance)
imam (prayer/spiritual leader)
kharijis
shi‘is
‘Ali ibn Abi Talib
al-Husayn
Karbala’
Ja‘far al-Sadiq
Ibn al-Hanafiyya
Word List
Timeline
Sunni Islam
c. 745 ‘Abbasids send
(“mainstream” Islam) Abu Muslim east to raise
revolt.
Marwan II
747 Abu Muslim raises
‘Abbasids
revolt in Khurasan.
Hashim
Abu Muslim
‘Abd Allah ibn al-‘Abbas
Khurasan
Timeline
749 Battle of the Lower Zab. Abu’l-‘Abbas
al-Saffah acclaimed caliph in Kufa.
750 Battle of the Upper Zab. Marwan II
and other Umayyads killed. ‘Abd al-Rahman
escapes to Spain.
Object List
Great Umayyad Mosque, Damascus, from the air. (Sacred Sites:
<http://www.sacredsites.com/>.)
Plan of Prophet’s Mosque, Medina. (F)
The Great Mosque at Damascus: ‘Umayya Mosque’. 8th c AD. Plan. (F)
Courtyard, Great Umayyad Mosque, Damascus. (A)
The Great Mosque at Damascus, exterior view: colonnade. 8th c AD. (F)
Prayer Hall, Great Umayyad Mosque, Damascus. (Al Mashriq:
<http://almashriq.hiof.no/>.)
Mihrab, Great Umayyad Mosque, Damascus. (A)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Mihrab and minbar, Great Umayyad Mosque, Damascus. (Al Mashriq:
<http://almashriq.hiof.no/>.)
The Great Mosque at Damascus, interior view: Mihrab niche and part of
Minbar. 8th c AD. (F)
Mosaics from the Great Mosque of Damascus; 8th c AD. Architecture
and decorative band. (F)
Mosaics from the Great Mosque of Damascus; detail of mosaics, river
landscape. 8th c AD. (F)
Mosaics from the Great Mosque of Damascus; 8th c AD. Architecture.(F)
Mosaics from the Great Mosque of Damascus; 8th c AD. Buildings and
tree. (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; exterior view; front view. 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; exterior view; aerial view of Mount
Moriah. 7th c AD. (F)
The Noble Sanctuary viewed from Mount Scopus. (Alistair Duncan, The
Noble Sanctuary (London: Longman, 1972), p. 9.)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; interior view; The Double Ambulatory.
7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; cutaway plan. Mosaics on the interior.
7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; interior view; The Sacred Rock surrounded
by a portico. 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; interior view of decoration and inscription. (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; exterior view; close aerial view. 7th c AD.
(F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; interior view; Detail. 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; ornamental detail. 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; ornamental detail; Vase with acanthus
scroll. 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; ornamental detail; Jar with floral motif,
mosaic and glass, 7th c AD. (F)
Dome of the Rock, Jerusalem; ornamental detail; mosaic and glass floral
motif. 7th c AD. (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Mosaic crown and breastplate in the Dome of the Rock. (Richard
Ettinghausen and Oleg Grabar, The Art and Architecture of Islam,
650-1250 (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994), p. 33.)
Al-Aqsa Mosque, Jerusalem. 7th c AD. (F)
Plan of Mshatta, Syria c. 750 AD. (F)
Section of façade of Mshatta Palace, 8th c. (Volkmar Enderlein
et al., Museum für Islamische Kunst (Mainz: Verlag Philipp
von Zabern, 2001), pp. 122-23.)
Object List
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Closer view of Mshatta Palace Façade, 8th c. (Niall Christie, Personal
Collection: <http://www3.telus.net/nchristi/HIST2252slides/
mshatta1.jpg>.)
Façade of Mshatta Palace, 8th c. (Volkmar Enderlein et al., Museum
für Islamische Kunst (Mainz: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 2001),
pp. 118-19.)
Façade of Mshatta Palace, 8th c. (Niall Christie, Personal Collection:
<http://www3.telus.net/nchristi/HIST2252slides/
mshatta2.jpg>.)
Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi. Exterior view. 8th c AD. (F)
Gaia and Marine Centaur from Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi. 8th c AD. (F)
Detail from Qasr al-Hayr al-Gharbi. 8th c AD. (F)
Qusayr ‘Amra; exterior of the baths, ca. 715. (F)
Qusayr ‘Amra. Plan. (A)
Qusayr ‘Amra; cupola of bath. 8th c AD. (F)
Qusayr ‘Amra. Fresco of the zodiac in the caldarium vault. (A)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Qusayr ‘Amra. Detail of a transverse arch in the entry hall. (A)
Qusayr ‘Amra. Fresco detail. (A)
Mural paintings from bath of Qusayr ‘Amra. 8th c AD. (F)
Khirbat al-Mafjar, 8th c. (Islamic Architecture:
http://www.islamic-architecture.info/)
Detail of stucco from Khirbat al-Mafjar, Jordan. 8th c AD. (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Khirbat al-Mafjar, dome, 8th c. Six heads in flower. (Richard Ettinghausen
and Oleg Grabar, The Art and Architecture of Islam, 650-1250
(New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994), p. 61.)
Khirbat al-Mafjar, 8th c. Female attendant, and dancing figure in
pendentive. (Richard Ettinghausen and Oleg Grabar, The Art
and Architecture of Islam, 650-1250 (New Haven: Yale
University Press, 1994), p. 62.)
Khirbat al-Mafjar, 8th c. Standing caliph in Persian style. (Islamic
Architecture: <http://www.islamic-architecture.info/>.)
Mosaic pavement from the audience room of Khirbat al-Mafjar.
Jericho. C. 740 AD. Al-Walid II? (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Coin of Mu‘awiya. (Bernard Lewis, The Middle East (London:
Phoenix, 1996), betw. pp. 82-83.)
Semissis of Heraclius, 610-613. (Byzantine Coins Home Page:
<http://www.byzantinecoins.com/>.)
Persian Coin altered by Muslims. (Robert Hillenbrand, Islamic Art and
Architecture (London: Thames and Hudson, 1999), p. 19.)
Umayyad Coin, 8th c. AD. (F [with three figures])
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Solidus of Heraclius, 641. (Byzantine Coins Home Page:
<http://www.byzantinecoins.com/>.)
Umayyad Coin, 8th c. AD. (F [with caliph and armless cross])
Umayyad Coin, 8th c. AD. (F [with Arabic script])
King on a hunt; gilt silver, 19 cm diameter. Iran. 7th-8th c AD. (F)
Earthenware unglazed ewer with incised décor. Iraq: early 8th c. (F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet
Object List
Brass ewer cast and engraved: Fayyum, Egypt. Mid-8th c? 41cm.
Museum of Islamic Arts, Cairo. (F)
Two pieces of red woven silk (Caliph Marwan II): Syria: mid-7th c AD.
(F)
Woven hanging of wool and undyed linen. Egypt or Palestine (detail).
8th c AD. (F)
Woven tapestry of the “Victorious Emperor”. 8th c AD. Egypt. Wool
and linen. 25.4 x 22.9cm. Victoria and Albert Museum, London.
(F)
F = Ferret, A = Archnet