Chapter 7 Test Study Guide
1. List the five scientists discussed in 7.1 and their contributions to the Cell Theory.
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2. List the three principles of the Cell Theory.
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3. What advance in technology made the discovery of cells possible?
4. Compare and contrast prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
5. Provide an example of a prokaryotic and eukaryotic organism.
 Prokaryotic-
 Eukaryotic-
6. Identify each of the cell structures indicated in the figure below.
Use these terms: nucleus, mitochondrion, ribosome, cell membrane, smooth endoplasmic reticulum,
rough endoplasmic reticulum, nucleolus, Golgi apparatus, cytoplasm.
7. The cell membrane contains channels and pumps that help move materials from one side to the other.
What are these channels and pumps made of? _________________________
8. What type of cell is in the image below? _________________ Label A, B, C and D. What is the function of C?
9. Describe the function of each of the following organelles:
 Nucleus Lysosome Rough ER Smooth ER Golgi Apparatus Cytoskeleton Mitochondria Chloroplast Ribosome Vacuole Cell membrane Cell wall10. Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
a. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
b. ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
c. endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
d. ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
11. During diffusion, when the concentration of molecules on both sides of a membrane is the same, the
molecules will
a. move across the membrane to the outside of the cell.
b. stop moving across the membrane.
c. continue to move across the membrane in both directions.
d. move across the membrane to the inside of the cell.
12. An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
water to move ______________ (into/out of) the cell. The fresh water surrounding the cell would be
considered _________________ (hypertonic/hypotonic/isotonic).
13. When submerged in a hypertonic solution, an animal cell will react by _________________
(bursting/shriveling) because water will move __________________ (into/out of) the cell.
14. What is the main difference between passive and active transport?
15. What is ATP?
16. Describe the process of diffusion.
17. This type of passive transport involves the assistance of a membrane protein-______________________
18. Diffusion will occur across a membrane until ________________________ is reached.
19. Describe osmosis.
20. What are aquaporins?
21. Two main types of active transport are endocytosis and exocytosis. Compare and contrast each type.
22. What are the two types of endocytosis? Describe each.
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23. Once equilibrium is reached, the solutions on both sides of a cell membrane would be considered
_____________________ (hypertonic/hypotonic/isotonic).
24. Define homeostasis:
25. Which means of particle transport is shown in the figure below? ___________________________
26. Which means of particle transport is shown in the figure below? _________________________
27. The cells of multicellular organisms are ______________________ to perform different tasks.
28. Describe each of the terms below and provide an example of each.
 Tissue Organ Organ system Cell29. Which list represents the levels of organization in a multicellular organism from the simplest level to
the most complex level?
a. cell, tissue, organ system, organ
b. organ system, organ, tissue, cell
c. tissue, organ, organ system, cell
d. cell, tissue, organ, organ system
30. Cells within a multicellular organism communicate by chemical signals. In order to receive and
respond to a certain chemical signal, a cell must have a ________________ for that chemical.
31. Most of the time, the cell’s genetic information is found as threadlike _________________________ in the
cell’s nucleus.