“HOW TO…” SPEECH
Process speech:
• Tells how to do something (how-to speech)
• How to do something (perform a soccer-style place kick)
• How to make something (prepare healthy snacks)
• How something works (how a helicopter flies)
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE ‘HOW TO’
SPEECH:
Select and limit an appropriate topic
Clearly state a specific purpose
Gather information from a variety of sources
Ask: does the topic relate to my audience’s
experiences?
Organize the material
Ask: is the information new or can I offer new insights?
You will use audio/visual materials in your presentation
– power point, posters, etc.
1.5 minutes minimum – shouldn’t exceed 5 minutes.
We will have time in the writing lab to work.
Requirements for the ‘how to’ speech:
• Select and limit an appropriate topic. Have your topic approved by me.
• Clearly explain how to…
• Use a visual in your presentation – PowerPoint, poster, prop, etc. NO
VIDEOS. Check with me if you have questions.
• Organize your speech – begin with a grabber…end with a closing
statement. Do Not simply read off your visual. The visual should be used
to aid your presentation. The information comes from you…the visual
serves to emphasize and support your speech.
• Minimum 1.5 minutes. Maximum 5 minutes.
• Speeches will be presented on Thursday!!!
• If you did a PowerPoint…e-mail it to me
( ppugliese@sewanhaka.k12.ny.us )or save it to a flash drive.
• You will hand in the full written copy of
your speech after you present!!!
CHOOSING A TOPIC FOR
THE ‘HOW TO’ SPEECH…
Select a topic you are interested in
Select a topic you have prior knowledge
about
Limit your topic
Why is it
important
to limit
your
topic?
 Narrow your broad topic to a few specific topics
 Choose the one you are more knowledgeable about, or
most interested in
 Ex: TOPIC: Making lunch
SPECIFIC TOPIC: sandwich
LIMITED TOPIC
How to make a PB&J sandwich
 It is important to limit your topic. Your speech should
be dedicated to 1 topic and not a general overview of
your topic.
Make a list of speech topics for process (how to)
speeches. Limit your topics.
PROCESS Speech Topics:
1. How to get on American Idol
2. How to survive on a deserted isle
3. How to survive a zombie attack
4. How to eat …
5. How to play cricket
6. How to identify structure mirrors content
7. How to hotwire a car
8. How to commit the perfect murder
9. How to get into your dream college
10. How to survive high school
POSSIBLE SOURCES
Internet
Library
Interviews
Personal Experiences
Surveys
How do reliable sources make our speeches credible?
INTRODUCTION AND ORGANIZATION
FOR INFORMATIVE AND PROCESS
Which of these methods of organization works
SPEECHES
best for expository speeches? Process speeches?
Introduction:
 Attention getter: Start off
with
 Organization
 Chronological: details, events are
arranged in order, usually for
expository speeches
 A question – your audience is  Topical order: topic is broken
forced to listen and think
down into parts and then arranged in
 A shocking statement – surprise an order by speaker, most common
for expository speeches
your audience
 A story – or anecdote, hook the  Spatial order: details arranged
according to their position in space,
audience with a relevant story
for descriptions.
 Quotation: make sure it’s
 Climatic order: arranges items
relevant
according to their importance, least to
 Personal reference: relate to the greatest
audience’s experience
 Cause and Effect: show
 Focus attention on the
causes/conditions and the
effects/results of those causes /
subject
conditions
 Gain audience’s good will
 Comparison/Contrast: show
similarities and differences
PLANNING THE BODY
Determine the main points to stress. (There should be three
for the informative speech).
Organize the main points in a consistent pattern the audience
can follow.
Outline all material you plan to use in the speech.
PLANNING THE
CONCLUSION
Emphasize the key
Techniques for
idea(s) of the speech.
Conclusions:
Intensify the emotions, Summary - short restatement
or feelings of the
of information
audience.
Recommendation - tell the
audience the kind of behavior
you would like them to follow
Stirring ending: use a vivid
quotation, tell a story, give an
illustration, or relate a personal
story. Your aim is to intensify the
emotions or feeling that you
want the audience to experience.
PREPARING YOUR
SPEECH
Introduction:
Gains the attention and goodwill of the audience
Develops interest in the topic
Body:
Presents the main points in an organized pattern
Gives supporting information for the main points
Conclusion:
Emphasize key ideas of the speech
Leaves the audience with a greater interest in the
topic.
HOW DO WE ADAPT OUR SPEECH TO OUR
AUDIENCE?
A. Experience: topics relate to audience’s
knowledge
B. Familiarity: poll audience
C. Technical knowledge: adapt technical
language to the level of understanding (ex: I
know nothing about football, so you
should…)
D. Details: especially for process
E. Essential steps: especially process
Answer: How do these 5 components help
our audience gain information from our
speech?
THREE METHODS FOR AIDING
RETENTION OF INFORMATION
Mnemonic devices: help memory by providing easy-toremember associations (ex: acronyms: USA)
Audio-visual materials: tapes, graphs, charts, etc.
Demonstrations: especially for process speech
How do these methods help make our speech
interesting and effective?
WHAT NOW?
Create/brainstorm an example for each of the three methods
for your speech
Figure out which method will work best for your speech.
Continue/complete writing your speeches.
You may do all of these things with a partner.