Oracle Applications 11i
Concepts I
Brian Hitchcock
OCP 11i DBA -- OCP 10g DBA
Sun Microsystems
brian.hitchcock@sun.com
brhora@aol.com
Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
www.brianhitchcock.net
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Presentation is Available
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Contents
 Oracle Applications Concepts I
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What is Oracle Applications?
11i Architecture
Oracle Application Tiers
Login to Oracle Applications
Online Oracle Application environments
 Oracle Applications Concepts II
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11i Applications Filesystem
Applications DBA utilities
Database DBA vs 11i DBA
Backups
Resources
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Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008
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Focus
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Generic Oracle Applications concepts
Not tied to specific installation(s)
Provide background for how Apps works
Help with support tasks in general
Technical
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how it works
how to make it go
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What is Oracle Applications?
 Oracle Applications is:
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Also called Oracle E-Business Suite (EBS)
Huge, takes 100Gb just to install
 Doesn’t include database data or staging area
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Multiple business applications
System of record
 Can’t remove users for example
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Built on top of Oracle database (RDBMS)
A mess, you’ll never control it
Great job security
 You don’t have to be crazy, but you soon will be…
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Why Use Oracle Applications?
 Businesses have (or had)
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Multiple business application systems
 Peoplesoft for HR
 Siebel for CRM (Customer management)
 Other apps for orders, manufacturing etc.
 ERP (Enterprise Resource Planning)
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Provide single system for all business apps
One system of record
 Latest trend is a single global instance
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What is ERP?
 From wikipedia
Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems attempt to integrate
all data and processes of an organization into a unified system. A
typical ERP system will use multiple components of computer
software and hardware to achieve the integration. A key ingredient
of most ERP systems is the use of a unified database to store data
for the various system modules.
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Oracle EBS Products
 Each business application is a ‘product’
Oracle Assets
Oracle General Ledger
Oracle Payables
Oracle Receivables
Oracle Cash Management
Oracle Bills of Material
Oracle Capacity
Oracle CRM
Oracle Advanced Planning & Scheduling
Oracle Purchasing
Oracle Business Intelligence
Oracle Engineering
Oracle HRMS
Oracle Inventory
Oracle MRP
Oracle Order Entry
Oracle Order Fulfillment
Oracle Payroll
Oracle Project Costing
Oracle Project Billing
Oracle Purchasing
Oracle TMS
Oracle Work in Process.
Oracle Process manufacturing.
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Oracle Applications Modules
 Business applications
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Referred to as module or product
Have two or three letter short names
General Ledger – GL
Accounts Receivable – AR
Advanced Pricing – QP
Configurator – CZ
Each has a database schema
 Db schema name is application short name
 Db user for each application
 Db user APPS has access to all applications schemas
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Oracle Applications
 Older applications
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Oracle calls them “Professional”
Based on Oracle Forms
Need JDK plugin to render forms
 Newer applications
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Oracle calls them “Self-Service”
Browser based
 Eventually, all apps will be browser based
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Technical vs Functional Person
 No one knows all of Oracle Applications
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Don’t say you do in an interview
 Technical
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Database, configuration, patching
Infrastructure
How to stop/start the applications tier processes?
 Functional
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Business process of a product/module
How does General Ledger handle period close?
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History of Oracle Applications
 Major Versions
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10.7
 Character based client, no java, database 7.3.4
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11.0.x
 GUI client, no java in database (8.0.5)
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11.5.x (known as 11i)
 GUI client, java, database 8.1.6 thru 10g
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12.x
 Latest version, java, database 10g/11g
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History of Oracle Applications
 Versions, number of products, number of objects
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10.7 40 products, 25,000 objects
11.0.x 50 products, 30,000 objects
11.5.5 161 products, 200,000 objects (first version of 11i)
11.5.6 175 products, 240,000 objects
11.5.7 179 products, 280,000 objects
11.5.8 191 products, 278,000 objects
11.5.9 191 products, 308,000 objects
11.5.10 209 products, 268,000 objects
11.5.10.2 211 products, 284,000 objects
From Installing, Upgrading and Maintaining Oracle E-Business Suite Applications 11.5.10+, Barbara Matthews et al
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Where Do You Fit In?
 11.5.10.2 -- 211 products, 284,000 objects
 Each product is a business application
 All products need patching
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Patching becomes a full-time job
 Each product has new features
 Many products are shared
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Multiple dependencies
Order management linked to General Ledger
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11i Architecture
 At a high level we have Tiers
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(you will cry a lot while you support them)
 Desktop Tier
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User client
 Application Tier
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Lots of servers, more later
 Database Tier
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Oracle RDBMS
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Tiers
Client Desktop Tier
Application Tier
Database Tier
Web Server
Forms Server
Web Browser
Concurrent
Processing Server
Database Server
Reports Server
Admin Server
Discover Server
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Single Node
Client Desktop Tier
Single Server – Single Node
Application Tier
Database Tier
Web Server
Forms Server
Web Browser
Database Server
Concurrent
Processing Server
Reports Server
Admin Server
APPL_TOP
Discover Server
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Two Server – Dual Node
Two NodesApp Tier Server
Application Tier
Db Tier Server
Database Tier
Web Server
Database Server
Forms Server
Client Desktop Tier
Web Browser
Reports Server
Application Tier
Admin Server
Discover Server
APPL_TOP
Concurrent
Processing Server
APPL_TOP
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Two Nodes – Shared APPL_TOP
App Tier Server
Application Tier
Db Tier Server
Database Tier
Web Server
Database Server
Forms Server
Client Desktop Tier
Web Browser
Reports Server
Application Tier
Admin Server
Concurrent
Processing Server
Discover Server
APPL_TOP
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Desktop Tier
 Browser
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HTML for newer self-service applications
Java applet for forms-based applications
Must not block popup windows
 Applet
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Forms client applet
Requires JVM to run inside browser
Oracle JVM implemented as browser plug-in
 JInitiator
 Must have specific plug-in/JRE version
- Configured at installation or through patching
- Mozilla versus Firefox
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Application Tier
 Multiple servers
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Web Server
 Based on Apache
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Forms server
Reports server
Concurrent Processing server
Admin server
Discoverer server
 optional
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Application Tier
 For each of these servers
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start/stop scripts
Log files
Configuration files
Software patches
Version information
Troubleshooting procedures
Bugs (no! really?)
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Application Tier Servers
 Web server
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Must be running to serve
 Web-based self-service applications
 Oracle Applications login screen (web page)
 Forms server
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Must be running to serve forms-based applications
 Reports server
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Handles user requests for reports
Retrieves data from db and formats report
Sends report output to client browser
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Application Tier Servers
 Concurrent Processing server
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Glorified batch processing
Process long running queries in background
Schedule jobs
 Work shifts
 Conflict resolution
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Concurrent requests
 Execute concurrent programs
 Executed by concurrent managers
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Types of Concurrent Managers
 Internal concurrent manager
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Controls all other concurrent managers
 Standard concurrent manager
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Process most concurrent requests
 Specialized concurrent manager
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Modified for special needs
Assigned to selected concurrent programs
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Application Tier Servers
 Admin server
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Not really a server
Collection of Applications DBA tools
 Hence the AD in the names of the utilities
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Adadmin
 Set maintenance mode required for patching
 Recompile applications database schemas
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Adpatch
 Apply applications patches
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Adconfig
 Apply configuration changes to multiple products
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Application Tier Servers
 Discoverer server (isn’t Disco dead?)
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Part of Oracle Application Server
Part of Oracle business intelligence (BI)
Hides complexity of database
 Maps db schemas to business user terms
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Supports ad-hoc query reporting
 Users can bring system to a crawl…
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Predefined reports
 Standardize reporting across organization
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Database Tier
 Oracle database
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APPS database user
 Can access all product data
 Doesn’t own product tables, indexes, sequences
 Has grants synonyms to product schemas
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Applications users
 Separate and distinct from database users
 FND_USER table, DBA_USERS table
 Change passwords carefully
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Applications Database
APPS database user has grants synonyms to database schemas APPLSYS, GL, INV, AP and all other products
APPLSYS
GL
GL tables
GL indexes
GL sequences
AOL tables
AOL indexes
AOL sequences
INV
INV tables
INV indexes
INV sequences
ALR tables
ALR indexes
ALR sequences
Grants and synonyms
AD tables
AD indexes
AD sequences
APPS
AOL code objects
ALR code objects
AD code objects
etc,
GL packages
GL views
GL procedures
GL functions
GL triggers
AP
AP tables
AP indexes
AP sequences
INV packages
INV views
INV procedures
INV functions
INV triggers
AP packages
AP views
AP procedures
AP functions
AP triggers
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Applications Db Tablespaces
 Before 11.5.10
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Each product had two tablespaces
 Tables, indexes
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200 products, 400 tablespaces
 As of 11.5.10
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Oracle Applications Tablespace Model (OATM)
12 tablespaces total
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Applications Db Tablespaces
APPS_TS_TX_DATA -- transactional data
APPS_TS_TX_IDX – transactional indexes
APPS_TS_SEED – seed data, reference data
APPS_TS_INTERFACE – interface tables
APPS_TS_SUMMARY – summary objects
APPS_TS_NOLOGGING – temporary objects
APPS_TS_QUEUES – advanced queuing
APPS_TS_MEDIA – graphics, spatial data
APPS_TS_ARCHIVE – obsolete tables for compatibility
UNDO – undo tablespace
TEMP – temporary tablespace
SYSTEM – system tablespace
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Tiers and Servers
 Single tier installation
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App tier servers and database on single machine
 Multiple tier installation
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Database on one machine
App tier servers on one or more machines
Load balancing
HA
More complicated
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Traditionally
 Concurrent processing, db on same server
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Concurrent processing uses database heavily
Reduce network latency
 Other servers on apps tier server
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May have multiple apps tiers for load balancing
 Today
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Network performance is better
Apps tier, db tier servers in datacenter
Concurrent processing can be on apps tier server
 Only need to patch once
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What Does It Look Like?
 Login to Oracle Applications
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See user responsibilities
Select responsibility
Bring up
 Form based application
- Users form
 Web based application
- Oracle Applications Manager
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
HTML Based
Forms Based
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Login to Oracle Applications
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Solution Beacon
 Provides Oracle Applications environments
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You can access for free
Must create an account with CSI number
www.solutionbeacon.com
 Works from IE7
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Had to de-install all Java, JRE etc.
Had to de-install Windows Media Player
 Metalink Doc Id. 430359.1
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When you click on form
 JInitiator downloaded and installed
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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Solution Beacon
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