Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Calculator We can use a calculator to help us do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division operations. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Calculator Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Centre of rotation A shape with rotational symmetry is rotated about its centre of rotation. Example: The shape is rotated about the black dot. The black dot is the centre of rotation. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Centre of rotation Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Decimal point A decimal point separates the whole number part from the fraction part of the number. Examples: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Decimal point Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Decreasing order Decreasing order means from the greatest to the smallest. Example: The amounts of money are arranged in decreasing order. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Decreasing order Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Denominator In a fraction, the denominator is the number below the line. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Denominator Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Divisible A number is divisible by another number if it can be divided exactly by that number without leaving a remainder. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Divisible Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Divisibility rule We can use the divisibility rule to test if a number is divisible by another number. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Divisibility rule Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equilateral triangle An equilateral triangle has 3 equal sides and 3 equal angles. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equilateral triangle Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equivalent fraction Fractions that have different numerators and denominators, but the same value. Example: 3 5 6 and 10 are equivalent fractions. They both have a value of 0.6. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equivalent fraction Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equivalent ratio Ratios that have different terms, but the same value. Example: If we multiply or divide the terms of a ratio by the same number, we get an equivalent ratio. 4 : 3, 8 : 6 and 16 : 12 are equivalent ratios. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Equivalent ratio Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Estimate A reasonable guess of the actual number. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Estimate Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Hundredths 10 hundredths = 1 tenth Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Hundredths Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Increasing order Increasing order means from the smallest to the greatest. Example: The temperatures are arranged in increasing order. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Increasing order Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Isosceles triangle An isosceles triangle has 2 equal sides and 2 equal angles. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Isosceles triangle Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Negative number A negative number is a number which is smaller than zero. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Negative number Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Number sentence Example: ‘68 – 13 + 21 = 76’ is a number sentence. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Number sentence Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Numerator In a fraction, the numerator is the number above the line. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Numerator Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd One hundred thousand Example: 10 ten thousands = One hundred thousand or 100 000 Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd One hundred thousand Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd One million Example: 10 one hundred thousands = One million or 1 000 000 Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd One million Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Operations Example: Addition, subtraction, multiplication and division are types of operations. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Operations Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Parallel lines Parallel lines are straight lines that are always the same distance apart and will never meet. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Parallel lines Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Perpendicular lines Perpendicular lines are straight lines that meet each other at right angles. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Perpendicular lines Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Positive number A positive number is a number which is greater than zero. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Positive number Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Product When we multiply numbers, the answer is called the product. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Product Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Quotient When we divide a number by another number, the answer we get is called the quotient. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Quotient Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Ratio A ratio is a comparison of quantities. Example: The ratio of the number of toadstools to the number of dragonflies is 6 : 5. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Ratio Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Reflective symmetry A polygon has reflective symmetry if one half of the polygon is a mirror image of the other half. Example: This triangle has reflective symmetry. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Reflective symmetry Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Remainder Remainder is the amount that is left over when a number is divided by another number. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Remainder Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Right-angled triangle A right-angled triangle is a triangle with 1 right angle. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Right-angled triangle Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Rotate Example: We rotate the rectangle in a clockwise direction to make one complete turn. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Rotate Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Rotational symmetry A shape has rotational symmetry if it can fit exactly onto itself more than once during a complete turn. Example: This square has rotational symmetry. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Rotational symmetry Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Round to 1 decimal place When we round a number to 1 decimal place, we look at the digits in the hundredths place. (a) If the digit < 5, we round it to the smaller tenth. (b) If the digit > 5, we round it to the bigger tenth. (c) If the digit = 5, we round it to the bigger tenth. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Round to 1 decimal place Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Round to the nearest whole number When we round a number to the nearest whole number, we look at the digits in the tenths place. (a) If the digit < 5, we round it to the smaller one. (b) If the digit > 5, we round it to the bigger one. (c) If the digit = 5, we round it to the bigger one. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Round to the nearest whole number Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Scalene triangle A scalene triangle is a triangle with 3 sides of 3 different lengths. It has no equal angles. Example: Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Scalene triangle Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Simplest form We get the simplest form of a ratio when we cannot divide the terms further by any other common factors, except 1. Example: 4 : 3 is the ratio in its simplest form. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Simplest form Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Tenths 10 tenths = 1 one Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Tenths Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Terms The numbers in a ratio are known as terms. Example: The ratio of the number of toadstools to the number of dragonflies is 6 : 5. The numbers 6 and 5 are terms. Maths SMART Grade 5 © 2012 Alston Publishing House Pte Ltd Terms