CUSTOMER_CODE
SMUDE
DIVISION_CODE
SMUDE
EVENT_CODE
OCTOBER15
ASSESSMENT_CODE BBA205_OCTOBER15
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
14973
QUESTION_TEXT
Explain in detail the various types of databases.
Explanation of
Flat files with an example (2 marks)
Hierarchical database (2 marks)
Network database (2 marks)
Relational database with example (4 marks) (explanation-2 marks,
example-2 marks)
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
The database is broadly classified in to four levels. They are
∙ Flat file
∙ The Hierarchical database
∙ The network database
∙ The relational database
Flat Files: These are made of sets of strings in one or more files that
can be parsed to get the information they store. But this can be
completed only when you try to replicate more complex data
structures. The data can be separated by a simple comma for a small
data store and we can use tab if data is complex. The main problem
with flat file is , it is prone to error. The locking mechanism is not
there which is inherent that can detect when a file is deleted or
modified. For instance, a flat model database includes only zip codes.
Within the database, there will be only one column and each new
row within that one column will be a new zip code.
The Hierarchical Database: It resembles a tree structure. In this
database, each link is nested to an order to keep data organized in a
particular order on a same level list. For instance, a hierarchal
database of sales may list each day's sales as a separate file. Within
this nested file are all of the sales (same types of data) for the day.
The Network Database: In this type of database, a record is stored
with a link to other records - in effect, networked. They are
sometimes referred to as a pointer, that means, it can be a variety of
different types of information such as node numbers or even a disk
address.
The Relational Database: The relational model represents the
database as a collection of relations having a set of rows and
columns each of which is assigned a unique name. Relation consists
of a relational schema [structure of table] and relational instance
[data in a table at a particular time]; there is a close correspondence
between the concept of table and the mathematical concept of
relation.
In relational model we use certain conventions. For instance, a row
is called a tuple and a column is termed as an attribute. The domain
of a relational schema is a pool of legal values.
Student [Reg. No, name, Addr , Phone, D-birth, GPA]
In this example, Student is a relation and the attributes [columns]
are Reg. No, Name, Addr , Phone, D-birth. A possible tuple for the
Student relation is ['MBA02C110T, ' Nupur Rastogi ', '440, 1-main,
2nd cross, Airport Road, Kodenahalli , Bangalore-560008',
25256789, 11-Jan-1986].
The domain of each attribute is as follows:
Reg.No : 10 alphanumeric characters
Name characters
Addr Alphanumeric characters
Phone : 7 digits
D-birth Date
Characteristics of a relation:
1. The tuples in the relation need not be ordered.
2. Each tuple in the relation is an entity.
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
14974
QUESTION_TEXT
What is meant by polymorphism, inheritance & template in business
systems?
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Polymorphism means the behavior of the object differently to different
messages.
Inheritance is the mechanism of acquiring properties of one object by
another object class. The object from which inherits properties is called
derived class and the properties from which properties are derived are
called base class.
Template refers to a mechanism of implementing a class object wherein
any type of data can be accepted (10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
72675
QUESTION_TEXT
Explain the various approaches of decision support system.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
1. Behavioural Models
Behavioural models are useful in understanding the behaviour amongst
the business variables. The decision-maker can then make decisions
giving due regard to such behavioural relationships.
The trend analysis, forecasting, and the statistical analysis models belong
to this category. Trend analysis indicates how different variables
behaved in trend setting in the past and hence, also in the future. A
regression model shows the correlation between one or more variables. It
also helps in identifying the influence of one variable on the other. These
types of models are largely used in process control, manufacturing,
agricultural sciences, medicines, psychology and marketing. Behavioural
analysis can be used to set the points for alert, alarm and action for the
decision-making.
2. Management Science Models
Management science models are developed on the principles of business
management, accounting and econometrics. In many areas of
management, the proven methods of management control are available
which can be used for the management decisions. There are also several
management systems, which can be converted into the Decision Support
System models.
The budgetary systems, the cost accounting systems, the system of
capital budgeting for better return on the investment, the ABC analysis,
the control of inventory through the maximum-minimum levels, the
MRP systems, etc., are the examples of the use of the management
science in the Materials Management. Production planning and control,
scheduling and loading systems are the examples in Production
Management. Manpower planning and forecasting are the examples in
relation to Personnel Management.
3. Operations Research (OR) Models
The Operations Research (OR) models are mathematical models. These
models represent a real-life problem situation in terms of the variables,
constants and parameters expressed in algebraic equations. Since the
models are mathematical; there are solutions to these problems. In
arriving at the solution, methods of calculus, matrix algebra, probability
and set theory are used. (10 marks)
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
72677
QUESTION_TEXT
How can business use management information system for competitive
advantage?
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
Businesses can use strategic information systems to gain an edge over
competitors. Such systems change organizations’ goals, business
processes, products, services or environmental relationships, driving
them into new forms of behavior.
Information systems can be used to support strategy at the business, firm
and industry level. At the business level of strategy, information systems
can be used to help firms become low-cost producers, differentiate
between products and services, or serve new markets. Information
systems can also be used to “lock in” customers and suppliers using
efficient customer response and supply chain management applications.
Value chain analysis is useful at the business level to highlight specific
activities in the business where information systems are most likely to
have a strategic impact.
At the firm level, information systems can be used to achieve new
efficiencies or to enhance services by tying together the operations of
disparate business units so that they can function as a whole or by
promoting the sharing of knowledge across business units. At the
industry level, systems can provide competitive advantage by facilitating
cooperation with other firms in the industry, creating consortiums or
communities for sharing information, exchanging transactions or
coordinating activities. The competitive forces model, information
partnerships and network economics are useful concepts for identifying
strategic opportunities for systems at the industry level. (10 marks)
QUESTION_T
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
YPE
QUESTION_ID 124252
QUESTION_T
As per porter, how is it possible to attain above- average performance?
EXT
Under porter’s framework, enterprises have 4 generic strategies available to
them
Lower
cost
SCHEME OF
a. Broad Target
EVALUATION
b.
Narrow target
Differentiation
QUESTION_TYPE
DESCRIPTIVE_QUESTION
QUESTION_ID
156300
QUESTION_TEXT
Discuss few disadvantages of MIS.
SCHEME OF
EVALUATION
ANS: The following are some of the disadvantages of MIS:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
MIS is highly sensitive: MIS is very helpful in maintaining and
logging the information of an authorized user. This needs to be
monitored constantly. (2 marks)
Quality of outputs is governed by quality of inputs. (1 mark)
MIS budgeting: There is difficulty in maintaining indirect cost and
overheads. Capturing the actual cost needs to have an accrual
system having true costs of outputs which is extremely difficult. It
has been difficult to establish definite findings. (2 marks)
MIS is not flexible to updating itself to changes. (1 mark)
The changes in the decisions of top level management decrease its
effectiveness. ( 2 marks)
Information accountability is based on qualitative factors and
factors like morality, confidence or attitude will not have any base.
(2 marks)