1st Semester Final
Jeopardy Review
This European power, the first to
explore new water routes to Asia,
was disinterested in colonization.
 Portugal
Which English colony was
founded by a Roman Catholic
and practiced religious
toleration?
Maryland
What was John Rolfe’s
contribution to colonial America?
 He
developed tobacco as a cash crop,
ensuring the survival of Jamestown, VA.
What was the last of the Colonial
Wars, which resulted in the
dominance of Anglo-Americans in
North America?
 The
French and Indian War (1763)
In the 1700s, Massachusetts and
Virginia were both Royal Colonies
with domestic representative bodies.
What was the name of the
representative body of Virginia?
 House
of Burgesses
This was issued, often without
probable cause, to authorize a
search for smuggled goods.
A
Writ of Assistance
This religious denomination
believed that people destined for
heaven were chosen before they
were born.
 Calvinists
This dissident from
Massachusetts Bay formed a new
colony based on separation of
Church and State.
 Roger
Williams
This was the first American
university. It prepared Puritan
ministers for their calling.
 Harvard
Separatist Puritans agreed to
abide by the rule of the majority in
this landmark civil pact.
 The
Mayflower Compact
This 1740’s religious movement
shook the foundations of the
congregational churches of America.
 The
Great Awakening
Freedom of the press was first
established in a colonial legal
case involving this man.
 Peter
Zenger
In the triangular trade system,
what key product came from the
New England leg of the triangle?
 Rum
Colonies exist for the benefit of the
Mother Country. This is the
premise of what economic policy.
 Mercantilism
Why did American colonists resent
the Sugar Act of 1764 so strongly?
 It
was a revenue raising measure, rather
than a tax to control trade.
The primary reason for this 1765
act of Parliament was to raise
money to pay for the defense of
the colonies.
 The
Stamp Act of 1765
The Boston Tea Party led to these
punitive acts of Parliament.
 The
Intolerable (Coercive) Acts
More than anything else, this
result of the fighting between the
British and French in America led
to stricter commercial laws in the
colonies.
A
huge national debt in England
This was the most effective
weapon that colonists used
against British taxation.
 Non-consumption
(boycotts)
This English philosopher’s ideas
were central to the Declaration of
Independence.
 John
Locke
He was Britain’s finance minister in
1763. He stepped up enforcement
of trade laws, angering colonial
merchants used to being left alone.
 Lord
George Grenville
Britain closed the port of Boston to
trade after this event, provoked by
the Sons of Liberty.
 The
Boston Tea Party
The Navigation Acts were rarely
enforced prior to 1763. What was
this approach known as?
 Salutary
Neglect
Place the following Revolutionary
War battles in order.
 Yorktown
 Trenton
 Saratoga
 Bunker
Hill
Bunker Hill, Trenton, Saratoga, Yorktown
How many terms could a president
serve under the Articles of
Confederation?
 One
of the many weaknesses of the
Articles was that it did not provide for an
executive branch of government.
This rebellion by western farmers
underscored the weakness of the
central govt. under the A of C.
 Shays’
Rebellion
The Philadelphia Convention was
held in this year in order to revise
the Articles of Confederation.
 1787
James Madison, John Jay, and
this man wrote the Federalist
Papers in an effort to win
ratification of the new Constitution
in New York state.
 Alexander
Hamilton
This state refused to send
delegates to the Constitutional
Convention and was last to ratify
the document.
 Rhode
Island
The Virginia and New Jersey
Plans were wed to create this
compromise.
 The
Connecticut (Great) Compromise
When the new Constitution went
into effect, what was significant
about the census as it related to
African slaves in the South.
 Slaves
would count as 3/5 of a person
for representation purposes
What issue threatened to derail
ratification of the Constitution?
 Lack
of a Bill of Rights
It was in this year that the
government under the U.S.
Constitution went into effect.
It was another two years
before the Bill of Rights was
added.
1789
What is the ultimate source of
political power according to the
Constitution?
 The
People
Having the support of creditors
because of an on-going national
debt was the policy of this man.
 Hamilton
Which political party favored
states’ rights in 1794?
 Democratic-Republicans
(Jeffersonians)
During whose administration were
the Alien and Sedition Acts
passed to silence criticism of the
govt.?
 John
Adams
The first mention of nullification
was put forth in these
pronouncements by Jefferson and
Madison.
 The
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions
This president cautioned against
establishing permanent alliances.
 George
Washington
What was the clearest example of
Hamilton’s belief in the implied
powers within the Constitution?
 His
creation of the Bank of the U.S.
The defeat of this uprising
demonstrated the new strength of the
new Federal government.
 The
Whiskey Rebellion
What two political parties existed
as of 1789?
 No
real political parties existed, only
factions within the government.
What type of society did Jefferson
envision as persisting in America,
especially after purchasing
Louisiana.
 An
Agricultural Society
How long did it take for South
Carolina to threaten to secede
after passage of the Tariff of
1816?
 16
years - the 1816 tariff was viewed as
a reasonable protective tariff by most later tariffs will arouse Southern anger.
This Supreme Court case affirmed
the high court’s right to judicial
review.
 Marbury
v. Madison
Even though this action was
considered a huge failure for
Jefferson, it did foster
manufacturing in the U.S.
 Embargo
Act of 1807
The impressment of American sailors
into the British Navy and freedom of
the seas were key reasons for the
declaration of this war.
 War
of 1812
This meeting was politically
damaging for the Federalists,
partly because it came just as the
U.S. “won” the War of 1812.
 The
Hartford Convention
Chief Justice Marshall was
popular with businessmen, due in
part to the Court’s decision in this
case, which upheld the sanctity of
contracts.
 Dartmouth
v. Woodward
What concession did South
Carolina win in the nullification
crisis of 1832-33?
 The
Compromise Tariff of 1833
What inspired Texans to rebel
against Mexico?
 Santa
Anna’s revocation of Mexico’s
Constitution
State banks favored by Jackson as
depositories of federal money were
known by this term.
 Pet
Banks
The Trail of Tears is a clear
example of this U.S. Indian policy.
 Removal
This president was the staunchest
opponent (other than Jefferson) of
the Bank of the U.S.
 Andrew
Jackson
First of the Whig presidents,
his “log cabin and hard cider”
campaign was appealing to the
masses. So much so that the
“Hero of Tippecanoe” did not
have to run on any real issues.
William
Henry Harrison
This “Manifest Destiny President”
wanted California by whatever
means necessary.
 James
Polk
Had it passed, this proposal would
have banned slavery in the
Mexican cession
 The
Wilmot Proviso
This 1848 treaty deprived Mexico
of about 1/2 of its territory and
increased the U.S. by 1/3.
 The
Treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo
This political party’s platform was
anti-immigration.
 Know-Nothings
(American Party)
Washington Irving (Sleepy
Hollow) and this author of the
Leatherstocking Tales established
American literature abroad
antebellum.
 James
Fenimore Cooper
She was a crusader to improve
the care of the insane.
 Dorothea
Dix
The Seneca Falls Convention
was called, largely because
women were not being allowed to
participate in this more pressing
movement.
 Abolition
On the issue of slavery, he said “I
will be heard!”
 William
Lloyd Garrison
Perceived British reliance on U.S.
cotton led Southerners to refer to
cotton by this nickname.
 King
Cotton
In reality, what was the position of
most people who were against
slavery?
 Free-soil
This 1831 uprising caused
widespread hysteria in the South
about slave revolts.
 Nat
Turner’s Rebellion (Insurrection)
Webster’s 7th of March (1850)
speech was instrumental in
securing passage of this omnibus
(presented in many parts) bill by
Henry Clay.
 Compromise
of 1850
What was the only real “victory”
for the South in the Compromise
of 1850?
 Passage
of tougher Fugitive Slave Laws
This completely sectional party
was a conglomeration of freesoilers, conscience Whigs, and
others.
 The
Republicans
Stephen Douglas was interested in
the development of a western
railroad. What legislative act did
he support in hopes of furthering
this goal?
 The
Kansas-Nebraska Act
This Supreme Court decision
nullified the Missouri Compromise
and weakened popular
sovereignty.
 Dred
Scott
This was the pro-slavery
constitution written for Kansas.
Free-soilers wrote their own.
 Lecompton
Constitution
He was nearly beaten to death on
the floor of the Senate after he
berated pro-slavery
Congressmen.
 Charles
Sumner
John Brown’s raid on this
place served to polarize the
North and South and
ultimately led to his death.
Harper’s
Ferry
Lincoln and the Republicans
opposed this last ditch effort to
avoid war because it proposed a
Constitutional amendment
protecting slavery.
 The
Crittenden Compromise
He was the Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court that ruled against
Dred Scott.
 Roger
B. Taney
In the Lincoln-Douglas debates,
Douglas was forced to reconcile
his position on popular sovereignty
with the Dred Scott decision. What
did his response come to be known
as?
 The
Freeport Doctrine
In the Civil War, with whom did
the common British citizen tend to
side?
 The
North
Two key Civil War battles took
place July 2-3, 1863. Which
were they?
 Gettysburg
 Vicksburg
How did the border states
respond to having to free their
slaves because of the
Emancipation Proclamation?
 The
slaves in the border states were not
subject to the proclamation
He was “a failure in all but war and
marriage.”
 U.S.
Grant
He said he would “make the
South howl,” and did, offering
Savannah, GA to Lincoln as a
Christmas present.
 Gen.
William T. Sherman
This two-time commander of the
Army of the Potomac tended to be
overly cautious in battle.
 George
McClellan
What was Lincoln’s stated
purpose in 1862 for fighting the
Civil War?
 Preservation
of the Union
He was the originator of the
concept that came to be known as
popular sovereignty.
 Lewis
Cass
How many states seceded
following the election of Lincoln?
How many additional states joined
the Confederacy following the
attack on Ft. Sumter?
7
4
This is the law that Johnson broke,
resulting in his impeachment.
 Tenure
of Office Act
Which European power violated
the Monroe Doctrine while the
U.S. was embroiled in it’s Civil
War?
 France
(in Mexico)
White volunteers of this
organization faced danger from
the KKK because they were
assisting freed slaves.
 The
Freedmen’s Bureau
The goal of these laws was to
preserve blacks as a labor force in
the South.
 The
Black Codes
Without the black vote in the
South, this man may not have
defeated Horatio Seymore in
1868.
 U.S.
Grant
This was the real victory for the
South in the Compromise of 1877.
 Removal
of troops from the South
This was a common postwar
Republican political tactic to
deflect criticism by Democrats.
 “Waving
the Bloody Shirt”