Intro to the UVic Law Careers Office LAW CAREERS OFFICE Welcome to UVic Law! This handout is designed to … I encourage you to focus on your studies as much as possible in your first year. You don’t have to start thinking about your law career yet. There will be an information session from the Law Office for first year students in the spring term. During your first year of law it may take you awhile to just get acquainted to the study of law. However, it is never too early to start thinking about your career plans following law school because, as you may have noticed, certain recruitment processes will come up quickly. We strongly encourage you to focus on your studies during first term. The information below is intended to provide you with a brief overview of pathways for a range of legal careers and ideas of employment options for your first summer. If you would like to work in the legal field during the summer following your first year, there are a few options available: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Introduction to Law Careers What to Expect from the Law Careers Office Career Planning & Research Career Options Law School Timeline Upcoming LCO Events 1. Introduction to Law Careers You may have come to law school with a particular legal career in mind or you may be unsure of exactly what kind of employment you want to pursue following graduation. For many students, your career goals will evolve and change during law school. It may seem early to think about your law career but the earlier you begin to explore your career options, the better able you will be to determine and apply for the opportunities that most interest you. Any successful career path requires careful self-analysis and preparation. Try to keep in mind during law school that everyone is going to leave law school following their own unique career path. For some it may be working in a legal aid clinic. For others it may include working as a corporate lawyer with a large national law firm, representing a First Nation in treaty negotiations or pursuing graduate studies in law. Whatever path you do decide to follow, it should be one that is right for you. The best way to find the path that is right for you is to explore all of your options. The following is an outline of the general trends for recruitment and applications to legal employers for summer positions, articling positions, clerkships, and other legal careers. Please Note: Throughout the handout we have used the word “law firm” often interchangeably with a number of offices in which law graduates work. This is to make for ease of reading but to encompass the fact that many law school graduates go on to build careers outside of the traditional “law firm” setting. Please keep this in mind while you are going through the Guide and exploring your options. 2. What to Expect from the Law Careers Office The Law Careers Office (LCO) holds a number of career related events designed to introduce you to a wide range of legal career options. These LCO events draw upon a variety of presenters, including judges, legal recruiters, government advocates, career experts, legal practitioners and members of the Bar engaged in exciting careers. In addition, the LCO is staffed by professionals dedicated to supporting UVic Law students in their careers. We work with your interests, past work experiences, volunteer opportunities and aspirations to help you begin your legal career. This is accomplished through individual career counseling, resume review and development, and valuable career programming throughout the year. Appointments The Law Careers Officer, Alison Cowan, helps students discover which career paths are best for them, either practising law in a variety of fields or using their legal knowledge and skills in other areas. Alison liaises with legal employers across Canada and invites many of them to come to the law school to discuss their professions and talk directly to students about careers in law. Please book a private appointment with the Law Careers Officer for any of the following: job search advice, resume and cover letter review, mock interviews and career coaching (discuss who you are, what you might want to do in your short and long term future and strategies for how to get there). The most effective method of booking an appointment is to drop by the LCO office and speak to Katie Macquarrie, Law Careers Assistant or contact her at careerof@uvic.ca, Tel (250) 7218790. Information Sessions & Events As mentioned above, the LCO holds a number of career related events designed to introduce you to a wide range of legal career options. Please see the “Career Events” page of the LCO website for the most up-to-date list of events, including times and locations: www.law.uvic.ca/lco/career-events.php. Please Note: In addition to these Career Events, there are a number of information sessions and events held by the Law Faculty, the LSS, the student clubs and other guest speakers which may have a career research component or be relevant to your areas of interest. Where there is overlap with the LCO, we attempt to collaborate as much as possible to avoid over-scheduling students. If you are involved with a club that is hosting a talk or conference, please let us know and we can try to work together on scheduling and resources. Law Careers Website The LCO maintains a website: www.law.uvic.ca/lco. This website is intended to be a comprehensive source of information for all UVic law students. It contains an online version of this Guide and provides up-to-date information on LCO workshops and information sessions. All LCO Handouts and job listings can also be accessed through the LCO website. Most of the website is password protected and the password changes from time to time. Please email Katie Macquarrie at careerof@uvic.ca to obtain the current username and password. Law Careers Resource Library The LCO maintains a library that holds several career development books, firm brochures, directories, industry magazines, and other general information about the legal profession. These resources are growing to include information on Canadian, North American and international opportunities as well as creative ideas about how to develop a career plan. Drop by the LCO to explore the resources anytime between 8:00 am and 4:30 pm Monday to Friday. 3. Career Planning & Research It is not easy deciding where to apply for a job in any industry. In law school, the options can seem either curiously constrained or overwhelmingly chaotic. The formal recruitment patterns can give the impression that there are very specific valued positions in law – Big city firms or clerking at the Supreme Court of Canada. There is no doubt that these opportunities are good choices for some students but there are so many options that will suit others even better. Self Assessment You should start your job search process by doing some self assessment about the direction you would like your career to take. Ask yourself: Where would I like to work following articles? What field? What city? What do I value? What motivates me? What skills and experience do I have? Which of these do I/did I enjoy most? What else do I enjoy doing? When am I most successful? What kind of environment do I enjoy working in? What parameters do I have in terms of money, hours, place(s) where I can work, etc. Although most students will want to article after law school, many lawyers move on to interesting and exciting alternatives to practice. Therefore try to think not just about the shortterm, but also about what you would like to do following articles. Also try to be as realistic as possible as this will help you narrow down your search. Please Note: There are several books at the Law Careers Office that will provide exercises and guidance for formulating effective career plans to achieve your own personal goals. In addition, please consider booking an appointment with the LCO to discuss your options. Brainstorm Once you have an idea of your answers to the above questions, determine what is available to you in the broadest possible sense. Consider opportunities that match your parameters above and will enable you to reach your ultimate careers goals (or at least lead you towards something else you might like). This step requires creativity and resources (visit the LCO for resources that may be helpful in this regard). Ultimately you want to create a broad list of places that you think would be a good match for you in terms of location, work environment, pay, hours and other parameters, as well as how much you will enjoy them and how well they will lead you to other jobs you will enjoy. From this broad range, you can begin to narrow in, looking first at the top five areas that you have an interest in (i.e. family law, banking, environmental law, etc.) After that you can narrow in on the firms that might have jobs for you in the city where you would like to live. Be sure to keep this list as broad as possible. Research After you have created a list of places where you might like to work, start building your knowledge base about these organizations. This will help you make decisions regarding opportunities later and also help you to be successful in an interview (and with your resume). You should also start a job search notebook that keeps track of all of the information that you are pulling together. If you stay organized, you can keep track of what you are learning for later interviews and cover letters and also for the future, in case you decide to change your place of employment down the road after articles. General Research You can do some general career research by attending the LCO events including information sessions, Career Options Nights, Vancouver Open Houses and other recruitment events. One of the easiest ways to collect career information is to attend the BC Employer Wine & Cheese Reception and/or the Out-of-Province Wine & Cheese Reception (Calgary & Toronto Employers) both held at downtown hotels in September. Booklets with information on specific participating offices are typically prepared in advance. Take advantage of the preliminary research done by the LCO (and LSS student rep) by downloading the booklet to decide in advance which booths you would like to visit for further research. The advantage of attending the Wine & Cheeses is that you have an opportunity to do your own research on specific offices by visiting individual booths and asking questions about their practice areas, firm culture and expectations regarding students. In addition, the BC Employer Wine & Cheese Reception also includes public interest and government employers. Specific Research Understanding the priorities and objectives of a potential employer enables you to put together an effective application package that is focused and convincing. It should also give you confidence when dealing with recruiters, assist you in preparing for interviews and create the opportunity to explain exactly why you are the best candidate for a position. Therefore, you should research as many offices as possible before you apply. You can start to build your knowledge base by doing web-based research (again, see “Resources” section of this Guide). Many law firms provide the LCO with firm brochures and most law firms will have a website with information about the office, lawyers or clients services they provide. Check out which lawyers have published articles in their practice area (library research, online research), have argued recent cases before the courts (Quicklaw research) and who lecture to the profession in their practice area (law school syllabus, CLE research). Websites can be the most valuable tool for gathering these details. Many offices will post their lawyers’ recent successful cases and lectures directly on their websites. Government offices also frequently provide information to the public on their websites on their structure, recent work and recent news releases on policy developments. You may also wish to directly contact lawyers, student and recruitment officers at the particular office you are interested in. If you do need to contact lawyers or recruiters directly, be sure that you do comprehensive preliminary research to ensure you are asking questions that you cannot answer from your own independent research and prepare what you would like to say before contacting the office (see “Informational Interviewing” below). Informational interviews, mentors and membership in professional organizations are all effective ways of expanding the parameters of your job search and getting the “inside scoop” on unusual opportunities and offices with low-key profiles. Informational Interviewing An informational interview is a short interview that you initiate with lawyers or other professionals in the industry that interests you to learn about the industry, the area of practice, the particular office or the city. One way to develop your own search strategy is to ask these people for information and advice on the challenges, opportunities and best methods of reaching your own goals. Some people you might want to consider arranging an appointment with are your mentor (from the first year CBA Mentorship Program), articling students or recruitment officers at firms that look interesting to you, lawyers that you know, UVic alumni (ask the LCO for a list of those who have expressed that they are willing to talk to students), lawyers that are friends of other people you know. To prepare for an informational interview, do comprehensive preliminary research and ensure you are able to draft questions for the interviewee that you cannot answer from your own independent research. Consider making a script in advance of meeting (see the LCO for a handout with sample questions). It will be rare that you are actually able to follow these notes closely, but it will ensure that you ask all the questions that matter to you and that you introduce yourself properly. When first contacting someone, introduce yourself as a student from UVIC Law School. We recommend that such contact be made by telephone because it is more personal and you can develop the conversation more fluidly. If you do decide to contact someone first by email, do not ask for advice in the email. An email should only be a request to speak on the telephone or meet for coffee. Explain in the email why you have developed an interest in this area of law (or industry) and why you have chosen to interview the person you contacted. Don’t be surprised or take it personally if the lawyer declines speaking with you. They are very busy people. If you are still determined to speak with someone at that particular firm however, you can ask if there is someone formally responsible for recruitment who can answer your questions. Remember to thank the person for taking some time to speak with you. In some cases, a brief thank you note (or email) may be in order. NALP Canadian Directory of Legal Employers The Canadian Directory of Legal Employers provides a comprehensive, searchable directory of Canadian legal employers with summer, articling, and associate positions. You can access the directory at www.nalpcanada.com. The most up-to-date firm information will be found here. This is a relatively new resource, which is intended to replace the National Articling Database. National Articling Database This resource lists and describes firms across the country and provides information on the articling structure of the firms. You can access the database online at http://www.totallegaljobs.ca/Home/Home.aspx. Be cautious when using the articling databse as the information may not be as current as the information found on the NALP Directory. UVic Career Services UVic Career Services is the central campus service for all UVic students and alumni to explore options, find and create work opportunities, and manage their careers. Career consulting and personalized work search assistance including resume and interview expertise are available as are a variety of mixed-mode, in-class/online career self-management workshops. Career Services hosts many events where students and employers can connect, and maintains an extensive array of online resources. The Canadian Bar Association One of the best ways to learn about the various practice areas that may be of interest to you is to join the Canadian Bar Association (CBA). The CBA sponsors a popular Mentorship Program, which provides an excellent opportunity for networking. Every year BC lawyers volunteer to be matched with law students who share their legal or other interests. The lawyers who volunteer for the Mentorship Program range from partners to first year associates, from sole practitioners to members of larger firms and practice everything from corporate to environmental law. The Mentor Program matching happens in September and October with a Reception held in late October where students and mentors can meet. Membership in the CBA For a minimal fee of $20 per year a student can join the CBA. Membership with the CBA includes access to topical Sections of your choice. These Sections are groups of lawyers who practice in that specific area of law and who meet regularly to discuss developments in that field and network. CBABC Sections include: Aboriginal Law Administrative Law Health Law Family Law Air and Space Law Alternative Dispute Resolution Bankruptcy and Insolvency Law Business Law Charities and Not-for-Profit Law Citizenship and Immigration Law Civil Litigation Commodity Tax, Customs and Trade Law Competition Law Constitutional and Human Rights Law Construction Law Criminal Justice Elder Law Environmental, Energy & Resources Law Insurance Law Intellectual Property Law International Law Labour and Employment Law Law Practice Management & Technology Maritime Law Media and Communications Law Military Law Municipal Law Pensions and Benefits Law Privacy and Access Law Real Property Taxation Law Wills, Estates and Trusts To Join To join the CBA, complete the online form at http://www.cba.org/JoinOnline/ or look for the CBA table during Club Days in September. Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 8 4. Career Options Recognizing the scope of careers that become possible with a law degree can be exhilarating and, at times, overwhelming. The options might appear limitless. Students are increasingly becoming interested in pursuing non-traditional careers following law school. The definition of “non-traditional career” varies from student to student, but for the purposes of this Guide, a “non-traditional career” is defined as a career in which an individual does not work in a law firm. The following is a list non-traditional career options that law graduates have explored in the past. The list is not exhaustive and you may find that your law degree is useful in other areas. Private Sector Lawyer – “Private practice” means practicing law at a traditional law firm which consists of lawyers who act for individual clients. Private practice firms can range from sole practitioners through to a law firm that employs 300+ lawyers. The clients may be individual people, corporations or governments. Private practices are generally, but not necessarily, for-profit enterprises. Public Sector – Public sector lawyers work within the provincial, federal and municipal governments. For example, the Department of Justice (DOJ) is part of the federal government and has offices in Vancouver and Ottawa (amongst other places in Canada). The Ministry of the Attorney General (AG) is part of the provincial government with offices in Victoria and Vancouver (amongst other places in BC). Information on the government offices is updated every year and available on their websites. A variety of government departments offer non-traditional careers. The requirements are different for each job so it is essential to determine exactly what is needed for each position. Social Justice/Public Interest – Social justice lawyers work in legal clinics, agencies, non-governmental organizations, at the Human Rights Commissions, or in a private practice where the clients are marginalized or disadvantaged people. They promote access to justice by providing high quality legal support to disadvantaged communities, recognizing the diverse legal needs of low-income individuals and using public funds in the most efficient and effective manner. Non-Governmental Organization (NGOs) – Charitable and non-profit organizations receive funding for projects that assist in social development, environmental awareness, community involvement, advocacy, justice initiatives and action committees. Some of these organizations require legal advice on policies, legislations, lobbying and other legal aspects of its operation. Policy Analyst – Both the public and private sectors require skilled individuals to review and develop policies through research and analysis and provide the company or organization with policies that promote accountability, quality and effectiveness. A legal education provides graduates with the skills and knowledge to write and analyze policy, advise management on legislative processes and legal requirements or restrictions involved in executing projects, restructuring and employee relations. In House Counsel – When lawyers are in-house counsel (sometimes referred to as corporate counsel), they work in a law department inside a corporation such as a bank, an insurance company, a utilities company or any of the mid to large size Canadian corporations. In-house counsel lawyers act as the primary lawyers for the corporation and when matters exceed their office’s mandate, they retain a private practice law firm and become a client to another law office. The attractiveness of working in-house is that Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 9 you can focus on one particular industry and area of law. In-house counsel lawyers also become involved in other functions within their company and frequently comment that they are involved in making business as well as legal decisions. There are very few articling or summer positions in-house. Most companies prefer to hire experienced lawyers for these positions. Investigator – Any organization or company that deals with complaints, claims and compliance of employees, members or clients will likely have investigators on staff or work with investigators in some way. Investigative work is varied and can require both an independent work ethic and strong interpersonal skills. A job as an investigator can be a prestigious, well-paying position with a large organization, or a short-term research contract. There is great potential for law graduates to be employed in this field because of the variety of transferable skills that a legal education provides. Education – A few years ago, only a Master of Laws degree was required to teach at law school. Today, however, candidates for academic positions often hold a Ph.D. Requirements depend on the position and university. In addition, there are many other teaching roles that law graduates can perform besides that of a professor, such as legal education lawyer for a bar association, director of Continuing Legal Education with the Law Society, community college or university lecturer, program coordinator, corporate trainer, or professional development manager. Research – Some graduates manage to make a career out of legal research outside of a traditional law firm setting. Some work for legal research companies or online databases such as Quicklaw or Westlaw. Some also take one or a series of temporary research contracts with different organization and law faculties. Labour/Dispute Resolution – Students interested in this field may work towards becoming an arbitrator or mediator, labour relations officer or labour-management relations officer. Students interested in dispute resolution should be prepared to take additional courses or training following law school. The Continuing Legal Education Society of BC is a popular choice among lawyers for courses in mediation. The Justice Institute of BC also offers a wide variety of excellent courses and information. Sports/Entertainment – Many students dream of working as an agent for professional athletes or actors. In addition, lawyers in these fields sometimes go on to become sports team or theatre managers or stadium development consultants. These careers are competitive and demanding and often require that you have practiced law at a large firm for a number of years as a starting point. If you are interested in pursuing a career in this field, please see the resources in the LCO. In addition, there is a recent article discussing the process of becoming an NHL agent posted at: http://www.canadianlawyermag.com/He-shoots-he-scores.html. Other – Some other areas that law graduates have gone into include Public Offices/Politics, finance/banking, law enforcement, publishing/broadcasting, information systems, public relations communications, human resources, business management/entrepreneurship, etc. Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 10 5. Law School Timeline *This is a very general timeline of Career related steps you can be taking in law school and the events listed are all tentative. Please continue reading the LCO weekly email for the most updated information on career events and also see the updated Calendar of Events on the Law Careers Office website: www.law.uvic.ca/lco Month September Year 1 Welcome! 1st Year Session on Introduction to the Law Careers Office Year 2 Apply for 2nd Year Summer positions in Vancouver, Calgary and Toronto (OCI applications due to LCO by September 9th, 2009 Sign up to volunteer at the BC or Calgary/Toronto Employer Wine & Cheese Receptions Apply for 2nd Year Summer positions outside of the OCI process - applications due directly to law firms by varying dates Attend the BC Employer Wine & Cheese Reception (and/or Calgary/Toronto Law Firm Wine & Cheese Reception) as a volunteer or attendee On-campus interviews (OCIs) for Calgary, Toronto and Vancouver Firms LCO information sessions LCO Info Sessions Start reading LCO emails regularly October *Students interest in working in Calgary during first year summer please see LCO early in September (applications are due very early in September!) Sign up for Lawyer/Student Mentor Program Familiarize yourself with the LCO website and job postings and employer database resources at: www.law.uvic.ca/lco LCO info sessions LCO 2nd Year Info Session on 2nd Year Summer Jobs (OCI and Non-OCI) Attend the BC Employer Wine & Cheese Reception (and/or Calgary/Toronto Law Firm Wine & Cheese Reception) Make sure you are reading LCO emails regularly for important information on careers & job postings LCO info sessions, particularly on Clerking Second-round Summering interviews with law firms in Vancouver and some Calgary firms Year 3 Finalize articling plans for post-graduation Attend LCO Info Session on Searching for Articles in 3rd Year Attend the BC Employer Wine & Cheese Reception (and/or Calgary/Toronto Law Firm Wine & Cheese Reception) Make appointment with LCO if you are searching for articles and ask to be added to the LCO articles listserv (to be sent advertised articling positions) Make sure you are reading LCO emails regularly for important information on careers & job postings LCO info sessions, particularly on Grad Studies Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 11 Attend Mentorship Reception to meet with your Lawyer Mentor November/ December Set up a follow up meeting with your Lawyer Mentor Second-round Summering interviews for law firms in Toronto LCO info sessions Apply for summer internships Apply for summer internships Career Options Night LCO info sessions, including those on Clerking Interviews, BC Judicial Law Clerk Program Look into the timeline for registering for the appropriate Law Society of bar admission course following graduation LCO info sessions Career Options Night Resume Collection for Clerking Applications (1st and 2nd Rounds) Apply for Clerkships January Prepare your cover letter and resume in anticipation of summer applications Career Options Night Apply for summer firm jobs or follow up with summering (Non-OCI) applications from fall Set up a meeting with the LCO info sessions on LCO to discuss career resume and cover letter plans writing (workshop), articling and summering at the BC Apply for First Year AG, and other Government Toronto Law Firm applications Summer positions Continue articles search by applying to more firms and following up with articling applications made in the fall Set up a meeting with the LCO to discuss your articling plans LCO info sessions Set up another meeting with your Lawyer Mentor February LCO info sessions on resume and cover letter writing, upcoming summer positions, summering with the Government Watch LCO emails and the LCO website job postings for summer positions Career Options II Public Interest Work Placement Program (PIWPP) positions posted Rural Education & Access to Lawyers Program (REAL) LCO info sessions and Mock Interviews Workshop Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 12 positions posted LCO info sessions and Mock Interviews Workshop Career Options II LCO info sessions and Mock Interviews Workshop March Watch LCO emails and the LCO website job postings for summer positions Vancouver law firms and Department of Justice Open Houses (in Vancouver) First Year Info Session (on 2nd Year Summer Applications Next Fall) Vancouver law firms and Department of Justice Open Houses (in Vancouver) Info Sessions, particularly 2nd Year Info Session on Articling Applications this spring/summer Attend Nanaimo county Bar Reception **Start preparing your articling applications Watch LCO emails and the LCO website job postings for articling positions Ask LCO to be added to the articles listserv if you are still searching for articles Attend Nanaimo county Bar Reception LCO info sessions LCO Info Sessions April Attend Nanaimo county Bar Reception Watch LCO emails and the LCO website job postings for summer positions Watch LCO emails and the LCO website job postings for articling positions and continue preparing your articling applications (some deadlines start in May and June) May/June Work with the LCO to secure a summer job if you haven’t already Apply for articling positions July/Aug Prepare your cover letter and resume for fall recruitment with Vancouver, Calgary and Toronto firms Set up an appointment with the LCO to discuss your articling options Set up an appointment with the LCO if you have not already met for resume review and to discuss career options Work on your interview skills Interviews for Vancouver and Toronto and many other articling positions Law School is over – Congrats! Make sure you complete the grad survey and get your name added to our alumni listserv and mentorship list! Begin PLTC (or other Licensing Process) through the relevant Law Society in Canada Finish PLTC (or other Licensing Process) and begin articling Law Careers Office UVic, Faculty of Law 13 6. Upcoming Events Wine & Cheese Reception for BC Employers Tuesday, September 29th, 2009 @ Fairmont Empress Hotel (downtown Victoria) - This event happens annually. It is a chance for UVic students to meet with BC legal employers.It is an important event for upper year students looking for summer or articling positions. - As a first year student you are welcome to attend as a guest from 7:00pm to 8:30pm. First year students that choose to attend should realize it is a recruitment event and you are expected to act professionally. - First year often sign up as volunteers to help the Law Careers Office host this event. It is a good way to get to see what the Wine & Cheese is like in a more casual way and to get to meet some employers. Email notices will be circulated closer to the event. Wine & Cheese Reception for Out-of-Province Law Firms (Calgary & Toronto) Tuesday, September 22, 2009 @ Victoria Marriott Inner Harbour Hotel (downtown Victoria) - This event happens annually. It is a chance for UVic students to meet with firm representatives from Toronto and Calgary. - It is an important event for upper year students looking for summer or articling positions, but can also be an important even for first years looking to summer in these cities, as some of the large firms offer 1st year summer positions. - As a first year student you are welcome to attend as a guest from 7:00pm to 8:30pm. First year students that choose to attend should realize it is a recruitment event and you are expected to act professionally. - Again, first year are invited to sign up as volunteers to help the Law Careers Office host this event. It is a good way to get to see what the Wine & Cheese is like in a more casual way and to get to meet some employers. Email notices will be circulated closer to the event. Lists of firm participants for both the Wine & Cheese Reception for BC Employers and the Outof-Province Law Firms will be posted on the main page of the LCO website http://cdo.law.uvic.ca. There is also a link to a list of all other Law Careers Events. Welcome to UVic Law! I look forward to getting to know you better. Don’t hesitate to contact me if you have questions. Alison Cowan Law Careers Officer Email: lco@uvic.ca Phone: 472-4719 Office: 140 (Fraser Building) September 2009