ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Chapter 1 Test Review 9-15-14, Turn in completed before the test for 5 bonus points on
your test!!
Be sure to have looked over the 3 parts to Ch 1 ppt on my school website.
Main Objectives on Test:
Overview of Anatomy and Physiology - (Definitions: Anatomy, physiology, Gross Anatomy and
the relationship between anatomy and physiology)
Levels of Structural Organization - (Be able to give examples within a body system) See video on
my website
Body Systems (See body systems chart)-Know the functions and main organs of the eleven body
systems
Necessary Life Functions (see ppt part 2) – Be able to list, define and explain
Survival Needs (ppt part 2)- Be able to list, define and explain
Homeostasis (see homeostasis review questions from edmodo site) – Define, homeostatic
control mechanisms: compare negative and positive feedback systems.
Directional Terms and Regional Terms (see part 3 ppt, Anatomical locations/directions activity
from edmodo site)- Be able to describe organs in the body using directional terms, identify the
regional terms and the four main points of the anatomical position
Body Cavities and Body Planes/Sections (ppt part 3)- Define and describe where they are located
and organs that lie in or on them.
______________________________________________________________________________
_______
Review
I.Provide the correct term pertaining to the necessary life functions of organisms next to the description.
1.
2.
3.
Keeps the body’s internal environment distinct and separate from the external
environment_______________
Provides new cells for growth and repair (increasing cell size and number)
______________________________________
Chemical reactions within the body; producing energy. Also occurs when constructive activities
occur at a faster rate than destructive
activities__________________________
4.
A sandwich that you have just eaten is broken down to its chemical
blocks_________________________________
5.
Elimination of carbon dioxide by the lungs and nitrogenous wastes by the
kidneys___________________________
6.
7.
8.
9.
Ability to react to stimuli. A major role of the nervous
system____________________________________
Walking and passage of glucose through a cell
membrane____________________________________
All chemical reactions occurring in the body_________________________________
At the cellular level, membranes; for the whole organism, the skin_________________________
II.Correctly identify the survival needs that correspond to the following descriptions.
10. Includes carbohydrates, proteins, fats and minerals__________________________________
11. Essentials for normal operation of the respiratory system and
breathing_______________________
12. Single substance accounting for over 60% of body
weight___________________________________
13. Required for the release of energy from food
stuffs________________________________________
14. Provides the basis for body fluids of all
types_________________________________________________
15. When too high or too low, physiological activities cease...primarily because molecules are
destroyed or become nonfunctional
_______________________________________________________
III.
ANATOMICAL POSITION
1. List the 4 important points of the anatomical position:
IV. REGIONAL TERMS
Please identify the region for the body part listed. Please also describe the terms ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR:
ANTERIOR:_______________________________________ _____
Eye__________________________________________________
Armpit_______________________________________________
Thigh________________________________________________
Genitals______________________________________________
Chest________________________________________________
Groin________________________________________________
Neck________________________________________________
Below the ribs________________________________________
Ankle_______________________________________________
Hip_________________________________________________
Wrist_______________________________________________
Navel_______________________________________________
Breastbone__________________________________________
Point of the shoulder__________________________________
Front of the elbow____________________________________
POSTERIOR:______________________________________ Thigh___________________________________________
Back of the knee__________________________________ Spine___________________________________________
Back of the head__________________________________ Head___________________________________________
Calf_____________________________________________ Buttock_________________________________________
Shoulder blade___________________________________ Curve of the shoulder______________________________
Back of the elbow_________________________________ Heel of the foot___________________________________
Area between the hips_____________________________
V. DIRECTIONAL TERMS: Fill in the following blanks with the appropriate directional terms.
The ears are ______________________________________to the shoulders.
The ears are _________________________________________ to the nose. The heart is
_________________________________________ to the spine.
The heart is _________________________________________ to the lungs.
The elbow is ________________________________________ to the fingers.
The elbow is ________________________________________ to the shoulder.
The neck is ________________________________________ to the chin.
The kidneys are ____________________________________ to the liver.
The nose is ________________________________________ to the cheekbones.
The chest is _______________________________________ to the abdomen.
The skin is _________________________________________ to the skeletal muscles.
The knee is ________________________________________ to the toes.
The brain is _________________________________________ to the spinal cord.
The lungs are _______________________________________ to the stomach.
The thumb is _______________________________________ to the fingers.
VI. BODY PLANES
Identify the following body planes. Please use all terms associated with each plane in your answer.
1.
2.
3.
A cut made along a lengthwise plane, dividing the body (or organ) into front and back sides
A cut made along the horizontal plane, dividing the body (or organ) into top and bottom parts
A cut made along the lengthwise (longitudinal) plane, dividing the body into right and left sides
.
VII. Identify the appropriate body planes
Incision cutting the heart into right and left parts:_______________________________________
Incision cutting the kidney into anterior and posterior parts: _____________________________
Incision cutting the lung into top and bottom parts:_____________________________________
What body surfaces are the following body parts on? (anterior or posterior)
Face:_______________________________________________________________
Buttocks:__________________________________________________________
Palms:______________________________________________________________
Shoulder blades:____________________________________________________
Top of the head:____________________________________________________