Lecturing 1 Chapter Chapter 1: Introduction to lecturing Screen What is lecturing? Duration 3 mins Rationales for lecturing 10 mins Topics What is a ‘traditional’ lecture? Different types of lecture Lecturing conventions Different ways of using lectures Activities Click to view: Different types of lecture Notemaking: What does a ‘lecture’ mean to you? Notemaking: The aim of the last lecture you gave/attended Click to view (Insights): Lecturers’ aims Video/Audio Video 1: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University How do you approach lecturing? Do you lecture in a different way now to when you started? Video 2: Professor John Rogers, Yale University How do you approach lecturing? Do you lecture in a different way now to when you started? Video 3: Dr Gabriela Medero, Heriot-Watt University How do you approach lecturing? Video 4: Professor Graham Gibbs, Oxford Learning Institute How do you approach lecturing? How do you link your lecturing to what the students do after the lecture? How lectures link to learning outside the lecture 4 mins Chapter review 6 mins Lecture time and study time Relating lectures to study over a number of weeks Using scarce lecture time wisely Your attitudes to lectures Your experience of lecturing Lecturing in context Click to view: Supporting study time Click to view (Steps): Using lectures to brief and debrief weekly assignments Tick or cross: Your experience of being lectured to Notemaking: How your Chapter 2: Evidence about lecturing The effectiveness of lectures – personal experience 6 mins What lectures are capable of achieving The effectiveness of lectures – the research 4 mins Research into the experience of being lectured to has affected your attitude to lectures Tick or cross: Your experience of lecturing Notemaking: Attitudes to lectures and lecturing Notemaking: The effectiveness of lectures True or false: What lectures Video: Lectures: The student experience Rohana Kropilova, University of Michigan Bobby Reedy, University of Michigan Jane Evans, Heriot-Watt University Ryan Shore, University of Michigan Callum Nicolas, Heriot-Watt University evidence Student attention over an hour 4 mins Information overload 2 mins How teachers affect student learning 20 mins effectiveness of lectures Implications of the evidence Passive vs. active attention Attention graphs What this means for lecturers Assessing attention Directing and holding attention What is ‘information overload’? How to avoid overloading students Pacing and breaks What is ‘effective’ teaching? Some surprising evidence The evidence about teachers’ knowledge The evidence about one-way are effective for Click to view (Steps): How attention varies Reflection: Getting students’ attention Matching: Causes of and cures for information overload Classification: Impact of various factors on student learning Notemaking: Comments on the video case study Video: Case study: Cleopatra Taught by: Dr Marcel Cohen, Imperial College London Chapter 3: Structuring lecture content Case study 3 mins Chapter review What students know before the lecture 1 min 6 mins Structures and overviews 1 7 mins communication Reflections from an experienced teacher Summary Finding out what students already know Using what students already know Avoiding pitfalls Changing existing conceptions Students with varied backgrounds Presenting complex information in a clear structure Advance organisers Click to view: Extract from Leonora Ritter’s account Ranking: Ways to remind students of what they already know Notemaking: Common pitfalls of lecturing Click to view (Steps): Changing existing conceptions Click to view (Steps) with audio: Presenting the London Underground Click to view (Steps): Visual and non-linear structures (adapted from Bligh, 1998) Click to view (Steps): Advance Structures and overviews 2 2 mins Signposting transitions 2 mins Summarising and closing 4 mins Chapter 4: Lecturing using questions and technology Chapter review The importance of questions and answers 2 mins 4 mins Asking questions and eliciting answers 5 mins Learning objectives/outco mes The value of learning outcomes and objectives Techniques for signposting What not to do Some useful techniques Students summarising the lecture Summary Why use questions? Why students don’t answer questions Types of questions How to elicit answers Responding to students’ answers organisers Flashcards: Types of objective Click to view: Techniques for signposting Book: How to close lectures Click to view: Why use questions? Click to view (Insights): Why students don’t answer questions Notemaking: Question types and their strengths and weaknesses Eliciting and answering students’ questions 2 mins Asking and answering questions using technology 10 mins Closing Active and quiet students Why students don’t ask questions Answering students’ questions Using questions in lectures Tools to promote engagement Types of questions Harnessing other technology in your lectures 4 mins What technologies might students be using? Chapter review Course summary 1 min 2 mins Summary Lecturing: Relevant and effective Context is key Next steps Reflection: Why students don’t ask questions Click to view (Table): Qualities and characteristics of PRS and SMS Flashcards: Reasons for using voting systems in lectures Interactive graphic: Using students’ technology in lectures Video: Using clickers in higher education Professor Eric Mazur, Harvard University Lecturing 2 Chapter Chapter 1: Presentation skills Screen What not to do Duration 3 mins Simple presentation skills to engage your audience 5 mins Making the most of the available tools 7 mins Chapter review 1 min Topics Activities Charisma and Notemaking: technique What makes a poor How to make a presentation? dreadful presentation Two engaging Click to view: lecturers: Visual Good practice for engagement and presentations mental stimulation Relaxing Be natural to be varied Bypassing your personality Making the most Reflection: of your voice Harnessing the potential of Making the most PowerPoint of visual aids Flashcards: Presenting Common pitfalls information when using electronically PowerPoint Death by PowerPoint A note on using third party content Avoiding pitfalls Skilled use of Video/Audio Chapter 2: Increasing student engagement during lectures Gaining and holding attention 8 mins Introducing activity to lectures 7 mins Briefing for activities in lectures 4 mins Discussion in lectures Tips for making discussion in lectures work Briefing for 3 mins Content vs. process Introducing activity Examples Introducing discussion as one form of activity technology Assessing your skills Holding attention Changing mental demands Click to view: Techniques for holding attention Click to view (Insights): Ways to engage students Reflection: The importance of activity in lectures Book: Structures for discussion Tick or cross: Dos and don’ts for making discussion work Click to view Video: Gaining and holding attention Professor Walter Lewin, Massachusetts Institute of Technology Video: How I introduce activity in my lectures Professor Graham Gibbs, Oxford Learning Institute Dr Sarah Richardson, University of Warwick Professor Perry Samson, University of Michigan Briefing and debriefing learning between lectures 12 mins activities in lectures Checking what is going on during an activity Getting control back after an activity Checking if the activity worked Examples Linking learning inside and outside lectures Case study 5 mins Chapter review 2 mins Introduction to the case study The lecture plan A note on discussion Linking work between lectures Activity feedback Individual preferences Presentation (Steps): Providing a clear brief Click to view (Insights): Briefing students and monitoring their engagement Notemaking: Techniques for linking lectures to other parts of the course Click to view (Checklist): Further ideas Interactive graphic: The lecture plan Sequencing: Preparing a lecture Audio: Student and lecturer perspectives Chapter 3: Supporting student note taking Traditional note taking 1: What’s the point? 3 mins Traditional note taking 2: How to help students 4 mins style The process of the lecture Introduction to note taking Problems students face when taking notes What are notes for? The role of notes and handouts Explaining what you are doing Click to view (Insights): Problems with note taking Click to view (Slider): Pros and cons of handouts Reflection: Explaining what you are doing Click to view (Checklist): Further tips on note giving Classification: Note taking vs. note making Click to view (Insights): Student-led recordings Click to view (Checklist): Technologyenhanced lecture Technology-enhanced lecture notes 4 mins ‘Note making’ and ‘note taking’ Purposes and approaches of lectures and lecture notes Student-led recordings The overall picture Chapter 4: Supporting students with special needs in lectures Chapter review 5 mins How best to support note taking Supporting students with special needs 4 mins Finding out about the special needs of your students What you can do, in anticipation Students explain their special needs Case study and summary 10 mins Chapter 5: Handling problems during lectures Tackling ‘incidents’ with students 5 mins Your experience of incidents – and how to take pre-emptive action Making the ground rules notes Notemaking: How best to support note taking Click to view (Steps): Preparing lectures to be accessible Book: Tips on dealing with special educational needs Click to view/Video: Case study 1: Kelly Click to view/Video: Case study 2: Tom Classification: Planning and presenting accessible lectures Reflection: Your experiences of handling incidents Click to view (Insights): Advice on handling Click to view/Video: Case study 1: Kelly Click to view/Video: Case study 2: Tom Planning to avoid problems and coping with them when they occur Lecturing to very large classes 5 mins 30 mins approach work Dealing with incidents when they do occur Avoiding problems in lectures Coping with slipups Exploring large classes incidents Chapter 6: Evaluating and improving lectures Case study: The issue of 3 mins ‘control’ in the classroom Chapter review Eliciting help from colleagues 1 min 4 mins Briefing and debriefing colleagues 4 mins Case study: Emeritus Professor John Cowan at Heriot-Watt University Summary Learning from colleagues A peerobservation experience Briefing Debriefing Click to view (Steps): Avoiding problems in lectures Reflection: Coping with slipups Notemaking: Lecturing to a large class Reflection: Challenges posed by large lectures Classification: Ways to elicit colleagues’ help Book: Eliciting help from colleagues Reflection: Briefing a Video: Teaching large classes Professor Graham Gibbs, Oxford Learning Institute Video: A peerobservation experience Dr Conor Carroll, University of Limerick Discuss your plans for change Case study: Observing teaching 4 mins Eliciting help from students 1 3 mins Eliciting help from students 2 6 mins Case study: Emeritus Professor John Cowan at Heriot-Watt University Student views on teaching Show of hands: Checking how things are going Discussion in class Gathering feedback and suggestions Focus groups Lecture feedback questionnaires Advice on eliciting student feedback colleague Click to view (Checklist): A structure for debriefing Sequencing: A debriefing conversation Click to view (Insights): Student perspectives Click to view (Steps): Incorporating discussion into the lecture Video: Advice on eliciting student feedback Bhart-Anjan Bhullar, Harvard University Finding out what students have learned 4 mins Using video 6 mins Chapter review: Deliberate practice Closing Course summary 2 mins Evaluating and acting upon student feedback Knowing what students know Longer-term feedback Getting a good video Viewing your video: Options First impressions Logging Viewing with a trusted colleague or friend Viewing with students Viewing with a consultant Improving through deliberate practice Summary Next steps Click to view: What have students learnt? Interactive graphic: Practicalities of getting a good video Flashcards: Questions to consider Tick or cross: Steps to develop your lecturing Resources to enhance student learning Chapter Chapter 1: Planning student learning resources Screen Defining your context Duration 15 mins Topics Context: Students, learning outcomes, and availability of resources Describing your curriculum Different types of learning resources 7 mins Learning resources and their attributes Making the choice: The basics 7 mins Your own priorities when choosing resources The bigger picture Activities Video/Audio Notemaking: Your context Click to view (Pyramid): Questions to ask about your course Click to view (Checklist): Finding out about the larger context of your course Click to view (Insights): How to choose and use learning resources Click to view (Checklist): Questions to consider when assessing resources Sequencing: Factors to consider when preparing course materials Reflection: Introduction to accessibility 2 mins Access to resources Physical access to resources 6 mins Course settings: Opportunities and constraints Intellectual access to resources 6 mins Stages of knowing Learning about your students Emotional access to resources 5 mins Applications of emotional access Understanding your students Learning inside and outside the teaching session Click to view: Physical, intellectual and emotional access Click to view: Questions to ask about physical access to resources Sequencing: Questions to ask about physical access to resources Matching: Four stages of knowing Sequencing: Four stages of knowing Click to view (Checklist): Student literacies Classification: Applications of emotional literacy Flashcards: Resources relevant to your Chapter review 8 mins Review of major issues Chapter 2: Locating and selecting learning resources Case study: Seeking and assessing 12 mins Introduction to finding resources students Click to view: Advice for your situation Reflection: Developing your thoughts Notemaking: Key points from the video interviews Video 1: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University How do you find and choose your resources? Who in the institution helps you identify materials? How do you use film resources in your course? Video 2: Professor Andrew McMichael, Western Kentucky University How much freedom do you have to add materials to your course? Intellectual property basics 7 mins Importance of understanding intellectual property What is intellectual property? Click to view: Intellectual property True or false: Intellectual property What strategies do you use to work with materials you have been given? What deadlines do you have to consider when choosing resources for students? What materials do you look for to use in your course and why? How do you decide if a resource is a worthwhile choice for the course? Textbooks 7 mins Finding a textbook Using textbooks A note on timing Digital resources 7 mins Web-based resources 12 mins Case studies: Audio 20 mins What are multimedia resources and how might they be used? What are interactive resources and how might they be used? Digital resources: The pros and cons Locating digital resources Selecting digital sources Finding websites The purposes of recommended websites Searching efficiently Citing and evaluating websites Social networking tools A note on quality What do you know about podcasts? Case study: Is the Notemaking: How might you go about finding a textbook? Book: Using textbooks for learning Classification: Advantages and disadvantages of digital resources Reflection: Using web-based resources Interactive graphic: Example of good practice Reflection: Inclusion/exclusi on of web-based materials True or false: Podcasts and their uses Video: Problems when searching with Google Notemaking with audio: Value of audio content Chapter 3: Designing effective learning resources audio useful? Chapter review 9 mins Locating/accessing resources General principles for preparing learning resources 12 mins Developing learning materials Principles of design File formats and accessibility Where to start? Selecting items for your reading list Engaging students with the reading list A brief note on web reading lists Reading lists 10 mins Notemaking with audio: Value of audio content Reflection: Locating/accessin g resources Flashcards: Questions about PowerPoint slides Click to view (Table): Options for electronic documents Notemaking: Creating or updating your reading list Click to view (Steps): Issues of scholarship, diversity and timing Video: Dr Gabriela Medero, Heriot-Watt University How do you organise your reading lists? How do you introduce materials to students? Do you ask students to develop their own reading lists? How do you make sure the items on your list are Study guides 6 mins Pros and cons of study guides Manuals and workbooks 9 mins Multimedia and interactive resources 8 mins Engaging students with content Additional ideas for creating applied learning resources Distribution issues (print and digital) Personal response systems (clickers) Multimedia as a learning tool Example of video used to convey a process Designing images Creating video Designing interactive media Harnessing your students’ help accessible? How do you cater for distancelearning students? Notemaking: Pros and cons of study guides Sequencing: Approaches to creating study guides Click to view (Steps): Ideas for developing an applied learning resource Click to view: Basic principles of designing images Video: Creating video Case studies: Creating videos 7 mins Chapter review 10 mins Accessibility Case study 1: Virtual field trips at the University of Edinburgh Case study 2: Quick and easy video clips at Pennsylvania University Basic principles of learning resource design Video 2: Larry Ragan, Director of Instructional Design and Development, Pennsylvania University Chapter 4: Using and improving learning resources Guiding students’ use of resources 7 mins Helping students engage with resources Facilitating studentdirected searching Supporting student information literacy Dealing with 2 mins Competing for limited Video 1: Virtual field trips to support teaching Classification: Your interest in developing learning resources Classification: Developing your practice Click to view (Pyramid): Helping students to engage with and analyse learning resources Click to view (Insights): Strategies for engaging students in their own searches problems Evaluation of learning resources 5 mins Closing Chapter review 5 mins Course summary 5 mins resources Plagiarism Do the learning resources match your students’ needs? Making changes to your resources in line with feedback Key aspects of using learning resources with your students Summary Next steps Click to view (Steps): Sources of feedback on your materials Reflection: Using learning resources with your students Making the most of discussion Chapter Chapter 1: Preparing yourself and preparing your students for discussion Screen An introduction to discussion Duration 12 mins Making a plan 12 mins Deciding whether to assign marks for student participation 7 mins Topics Activities How do discussions Notemaking: Key work? purposes and benefits of What are discussion discussions for? Click to view: The The benefits of benefits of discussion discussion What can go Reflection: wrong? Problems that can lead to a disappointing discussion experience Preparation Click to view (Steps) with Physical rating: Work arrangments involved in preparing for discussion Flashcards: Room layouts for discussion Pros and cons of Classification: assigning marks for Pros and cons of participation assigning marks for participation How to incorporate marks Click to view (Steps): Factors to consider when creating marking Video/Audio Video: The benefits of discussion Professor Jo Fox, Durham University Dr Daniel Quigley, New York Institute of Technology Clarifying students’ expectations and responsibilities 10 mins Planning for studentled seminars 5 mins Introduction to student-led seminars Chapter review 5 mins Key tasks in preparing for discussion Question for reflection Introducing yourself Learning students’ names Chapter 2: Creating a comfortable environment Preconceptions you may encounter Student-generated guidelines Generating your own guidelines and advice Introducing yourself and learning students’ names Getting acquainted 9 mins 10 mins Communicating and 9 mins Students’ questions for each other Welcoming students on the first day of class Creating an criteria True or false: Common assumptions about discussion Click to view (Steps): Studentgenerated guidelines Click to view (Insights): Student-led seminars Flashcards: Students’ questions Reflection: Strategies for learning students’ names Book: Ten ways to introduce students Click to view: Video: How to make the best of student-led seminars Video: Welcoming students on the first day of class Dr Corly Brooke, Iowa State University Video 1: How do you fostering respect inclusive environment Dealing with offensive remarks Being even-handed and conscious of diversity Students with disabilities Creating an inclusive environment Reflection: Dealing with offensive remarks Click to view (Checklist): Ensuring students feel respected and fairly treated create an inclusive classroom? Professor George Siedel, University of Michigan Video 2: What do you do if a line is crossed during a discussion class? Professor John Rogers, Yale University Video 3: How do you create a comfortable environment for class discussion? Professor Graham Gibbs, Oxford Learning Institute Chapter 3: Starting a discussion Case study 6 mins Case study in inclusive teaching Chapter review 7 mins Creating a comfortable environment Creating a good beginning 5 mins Orienting students Opening questions Reflection: Thoughts on the case study Notemaking: Your approach to creating a comfortable environment Click to view (Steps): Building your list of questions Click to view Video: Opening questions Dr Daniel Quigley, New York Institute of Technology Understanding what questions do 5 mins Using effective questioning strategies 10 mins Open and closed questions Other categories of questions Questions and levels of cognitive processing Best practice in using questions Wait time Changing the pace Using structured discussion techniques 3 mins Activities to challenge and engage students (Insights): Strategies for opening a discussion Reflection: Using open and closed questions Matching: Different question types Click to view (Pyramid): Bloom’s (1956) taxonomy Click to view (Steps) with ratings: Incorporating questioning strategies into your discussion sessions Flashcards: Strategies for shifting the pace Notemaking: Improving poor questions MCQ and click to view: Structured discussion activities for different groups Chapter 4: Guiding a discussion Chapter review 5 mins Strategies to get discussions started Keeping a discussion on track 9 mins 9 mins How to identify and fix a discussion that is faltering Expert advice Basic etiquette Helping students answer their own questions When you don’t know the answer Special cases Student participation Getting students to speak – and stop! Over-dominant students Other interventions Fielding students’ questions Stepping in and providing leadership when needed 6 mins Case study: Managing discussion for students at different levels 7 mins Discussions at different levels Closing a discussion 2 mins Strategies for closing a discussion and settings Notemaking: Different question types Reflection: Getting a discussion back on track Reflection: Challenging situations Video: Keeping a discussion on track Professor Jo Fox, Durham University Video: What to do when you don’t know the answer True or false: Student participation in discussions Classification: Encouraging shy students and discouraging dominant students Video: Case study: Managing discussion for students at different levels Click to view (Insights): Strategies for Chapter 5: Managing online discussions Chapter review 3 mins Teacher interventions Using appropriate technology 8 mins The benefits of online discussion Message boards Beyond message boards How to decide? What is social presence? Demonstrating social presence Structured tasks A visual plan Creating a social presence online 5 mins Giving thought to structure 6 mins Moderating the discussion effectively 7 mins The importance of the moderator closing a discussion Reflection: Teacher interventions Click to view: Tools for online discussion True or false: Discussion technologies in your context Click to view (Steps): Three elements of social presence Classification: Strategies for demonstrating social presence Click to view (Steps): Essential elements of etivities Sequencing: Helping students understand an online activity MCQ: Expert advice on social presence Video: The benefits of online discussion Dr Daniel Quigley, New York Institute of Technology Video: The ideal online tutor: What students want from their online tutors Professor Gilly Chapter 6: Evaluating and improving discussion Chapter review 5 mins When online discussions work well Self-evaluation 7 mins The value of feedback Self-evaluation Feedback from students 1: Gathering 5 mins Questionnaires Group discussion Informal feedback Persuading students to Reflection: Managing online discussions in your context Notemaking: Evaluating a student discussion session Ratings: Selfassessment activity Interactive graphic: Example questionnaires Flashcards: Encouraging student Salmon, University of Leicester Jenny Mackness, independent education instructor Dr Bill Ashraf, University of Sussex Professor Eric Mazur, Harvard University Feedback from students 2: Analysing 2 mins Analysing feedback Presenting feedback to students Feedback from colleagues Video recording the discussion 1 min 3 mins Tips for colleague observations Analysing the recording Student consent and input Evaluating your performance and the effectiveness of your discussion sessions Question for reflection Core content Continuing to enhance your skills Next steps Chapter review 8 mins Closing participate Getting meaningful feedback Course summary 10 mins participation Click to view (Steps): Getting meaningful feedback Click to view (Checklist): Questions to ask when analysing feedback Click to view (Steps): Tips on analysing your recording Notemaking: Eliciting feedback from different sources Click to view (Steps): Checklists of key points Notemaking: Steps towards a good discussion Supervising projects and dissertations Chapter Chapter 1: Preparing for supervision Screen The purposes of projects and dissertations Duration 2 mins The purposes of supervision 7 mins Organising supervision meetings 4 mins Topics Independent learning Different purposes of projects and dissertations Different purposes of supervision Supervisor’s views Guiding principles for supervision meetings Logistical Activities MCQ: Different purposes of projects and dissertations Classification: Undergraduate vs. postgraduate supervision Click to view (Insights): Students’ experiences of supervision Video/Audio Video: Professor Sir Robert Burgess, University of Leicester What should the supervisor try to achieve? Key differences between the purposes of dissertations at different levels How do the students at each level respond to being supervised? aspects Different types of supervision Tools for collaboration and communication 6 mins The technologies available Selecting the appropriate technology Keeping records 4 mins Supervising part-time students 5 mins The importance of recordkeeping Different types of records Case study: Example records Challenges faced by part-time students meetings Click to view (Checklist): Questions to consider when planning your supervisions Interactive graphic: Different supervision scenarios Reflection: A request for feedback Flashcards: The technologies available Matching and notemaking: Which technology to use and why Click to view: Different types of records Video: Supervising part-time students Dr Estelle Phillips, Author of ‘How to get a PhD’ What are some interesting research findings on supervising part-time students? What are the key challenges faced by parttime students? What are your top tips for supervisors of part-time students? Chapter 2: Getting students started Chapter review 5 mins Factors to consider when preparing for supervision Guidelines and expectations 5 mins Establishing guidelines Identifying potential questions Preparing your answers to potential questions Delivering your Reflection: Preparing for different supervision scenarios Interactive graphic: Questions a student might ask Click to view (Steps): A process for delivering your answers The student-supervisor relationship 2 mins Identifying feasible topics and projects 6 mins Framing a good research question 2 mins Case studies: Feasible projects and questions 7 mins answers Why is the relationship different? How much help to give? Identifying a research topic Ensuring the research topic is feasible When does all this happen? What makes a good research question? Helping students find the right phrasing Four case studies Notemaking: How you might help your students Notemaking: Ways to help students identify suitable research topics Click to view: Is it feasible? Reflection: Strengths and weaknesses of research questions Notemaking: Tips from the case studies Video 1: Professor Denise Bower, Leeds University Scope and feasibility Video 2: Dr Helen Walkington, Oxford Brookes University Feasibility examples Video 3: Professor Sally Kuhlenschmidt, Western Kentucky University Video 4: Professor Sir Robert Burgess, University of Leicester Ethical considerations Designing the initial project tasks Providing feedback 3 mins 4 mins Ideas for tasks Engaging students in the task Principles of good feedback Students’ reactions to feedback Case study 1: More than one student Case study 2: More than one supervisor Is joint supervision for you? Helping students in the early stages of their Case studies: More than one student; more than one supervisor 6 mins Chapter review 3 mins Sequencing: Ideas for tasks Click to view: How one supervisor engages students in early project tasks Classification: Principles of good feedback Click to view (Insights): Student experiences of feedback Click to view (Insights): More than one student Reflection: Getting students started in Audio: More than one supervisor Student perspective Supervisor perspectives projects Chapter 3: Keeping students going Reviewing progress 4 mins Handling students’ emotions 1 4 mins Handling students’ emotions 2 4 mins Helping students with writing 4 mins Benefits of reviewing students’ progress regularly Breaking the time down Exploring your own context How student emotion affects work and progress Situations to be sensitive to What can supervisors do? Respecting students’ privacy Common challenges with writing Overcoming writers’ block Case example: Helping students with writing Students with special needs different scenarios Click to view (Slider): Main student activities at different stages MCQ: Student activities at different stages Reflection: Your feelings at different stages of a research project Reflection: Scenarios involving positive and negative feelings Tick or cross: Practical tips for overcoming writers’ block Click to view (Checklist): Tips for supporting students with special needs Audio: Student experience of a recent supervision Developing presentation skills 4 mins Chapter 4: The final stages of supervision The benefits of presentation Overcoming anxiety and developing good presentation skills Encouraging positivity Dealing with problems 5 mins The range of potential problems Chapter review 3 mins Managing the final push 4 mins Supporting students’ progress A note on deadline flexibility Reading and commenting on drafts The final tasks Ways of assessing Assessments and vivas 5 mins Notemaking: The benefits of presentation Matching: Different types of presentation and their benefits Click to view (Steps): Helping students overcome anxiety and develop good presentation skills Reflection: Common problem scenarios MCQ: Supporting students’ progress Sequencing: Stages of reviewing a draft Notemaking with audio: Key stages to allow time for in the final staged of the dissertation Flashcards: Forms of Notemaking with audio: Key stages to allow time for in the final staged of the dissertation After the viva 2 mins Case study: Students and supervisors reflect on the process 12 mins projects and dissertations Preparing students for a doctoral viva Decisions and amendments After the viva Beyond the doctorate Two case studies on the supervision process assessment Click to view: Preparing for a viva Flashcards: Common decisions by examiners Notemaking: Tips from the video case studies Video 1: Jennifer Nock Case study: PhD at Open University (UK) – the student perspective Video 2: Professor Vicky Lewis Case study: PhD at Open University (UK) – the supervisor perspective Closing Chapter review 3 mins Course summary 2 mins Preparing students for assessment Summary Next steps MCQ: Preparing students for assessment Marking and giving feedback Chapter Chapter 1: Introduction to marking Screen Your teaching context Duration 5 mins The course context 9 mins Topics A range of teaching contexts Expectations of you Matching learning outcomes, teaching and assessment 4 mins Teaching a coherent course How others use our course information What makes for a coherent course? Putting your own course to the test Activities Click to view (Insights): Different teaching contexts Click to view (Table): Expectations of students, departments and institutions Interactive graphic: Learning outcomes, assessment and teaching Click to view (Insights): Learning outcomes, assessment and teaching Notemaking: Key principles of good practice Tick or cross: Coherent courses Click to view (Steps): Critiquing the coherence of Video/Audio Selecting marking criteria 12 mins Using rubrics to mark accurately and reliably 10 mins Case study: Applying marking criteria to student work 5 mins Matching marking criteria to learn outcomes Interpreting the wording of the assignment effectively Communicating with students Using wording to help with marking The need for consistency What is a rubric? Creating your own rubric Sharing rubrics with students Some advanced help with types and levels of components for your rubrics Bloom’s taxonomy of educational objectives Biggs and Collis’s SOLO taxonomy Case study: Operant conditioning your own course Matching: Meanings of commonly used assignment words Notemaking: Commonly used assignment verbs in your course Click to view (Steps): Creating your own rubric Click to view (Pyramid): Bloom’s taxonomy Flashcards: Biggs and Collis’s SOLO taxonomy Interactive graphic: Example rubric Being fair and consistent 8 mins Tips to help with consistency Tips to help avoid bias How might rubrics be used by different markers? Reflection: Using and evaluating the example rubric Video 1: Professor Bill McKeachie, University of Michigan Working with others on rubrics How has your approach to applying marking criteria changed through the course of your career? How do you ensure a consistent approach when several different people are marking the same thing? Who do you need to consult and why? Video 2: Dr Helen Walkington, Oxford Brookes University Working with others on rubrics How has your approach to applying marking criteria changed through the course of your career? How did that differ as you got promoted to being in charge of a course? How do you ensure that you are marking at the right level? Dealing with large numbers of assignments 3 mins Using technology in 12 mins Efficiency in marking student work Maximising the quality of your marking whilst minimising effort Using technology Click to view: Ensuring you mark as efficiently as possible Classification: marking Case studies: Tricky examples 8 mins to make marking more efficient Case study 1: Computer-aided summative assessment Case study 2: Using technology to facilitate peer-topeer feedback Case study 3: Multiple choice question writing Online assessment – the student experience Insights from teachers How would you handle tricky situations? Electronic tools for assessment Click to view (Steps): Multiple choice question writing at the University of Auckland MCQ: The use of technology in marking Reflection: Typical marking dilemmas Video 1: Dr Sarah Richardson, Warwick University Have you encountered any difficult situations when marking and grading? Video 2: Dr Sarah Richardson, Warwick University Did you use marking criteria? Video 3: Dr Sarah Richardson, Warwick University Have you ever found yourself being biased in your marking? Video 4: Dr Sarah Richardson, Warwick University Do you mark ‘blind’? Video 5: Dr Sarah Richardson, Warwick University How do you cope with marking when it calls for subjective judgements? Video 6: Bhart-Anjan Bhullar, Harvard University Have you encountered any difficult situations with marking and grading? Video 7: Bhart-Anjan Bhullar, Harvard University Have you ever found yourself being biased in your grading? Chapter review: Accurate and effective marking 5 mins Your course’s priorities and issues Chapter 2: Dealing with plagiarism Introduction to plagiarism 6 mins Dealing with suspected 2 mins plagiarism Deterring plagiarism 6 mins Why is dealing with plagiarism so important? The basics of plagiarism Using technology to recognise plagiarism: Proprietary tools, free tools Finding out about the plagiarism policies in your institution Whose job is it anyway? Minimising academic dishonesty Helping students Click to view (Checklist): Your course’s priorities and issues MCQ: Key concepts Reflection: The basics of plagiarism Sequencing: Stages in dealing with suspected plagiarism Click to view (Insights): Teachers’ roles Flashcards: Deterring plagiarism at different stages Chapter 3: Giving students feedback Chapter review 2 mins The importance of feedback to students 8 mins The qualities of good feedback 4 mins avoid plagiarism Reducing temptation A synopsis of suggestions on dealing with plagiarism What is feedback? Types of feedback Why is feedback so important? Feedback from the student’s perspective Your personal context and characteristics What do good feedback practices look like? How much and what kind of feedback? 15 mins Giving too much feedback Possible schedule for giving feedback Prioritising your feedback Classification: Helping students to write without plagiarising MCQ: Checking your understanding of plagiarism Click to view (Insights): Student perspectives on feedback Notemaking: Factors to consider when giving feedback Click to view: Qualities of good feedback Matching: Feedback principles and practices Reflection: Giving too much feedback Click to view (Table): Feedback for different activity types Phrasing positive and negative feedback 10 mins Dealing with large numbers of students and long assignments 3 mins Technology-enhanced feedback 8 mins What do good and bad feedback comments look like? Getting the information across Practise creating your own feedback comments Focus on the bigger picture Example of ‘bigger picture’ feedback Giving overall feedback to the group Other ideas for dealing with large numbers of students and long assignments How electronic feedback saves time Case study 1: Using comments and MCQ: Feedback in different scenarios Tick or cross: Examples of strong and weak feedback Rating: Criteria for good feedback Reflection: Creating feedback in different scenarios Click to view (Steps): Process for creating audio feedback Video 1: Case study 1: Using comments and track changes Video 2: Dr Daniel Quigley, New York Encouraging students to make use of feedback Case studies: Difficult conversations 3 mins 6 mins track changes Case study 2: Using audio tools to make feedback personal Considerations when using technology to enhance feedback Looking forward A question of motivation Institute of Technology Technology-enhanced feedback Book: Motivating students to use feedback Video 1: Dr Daniel Quigley, New York Institute of Technology Two case studies: How lecturers handle difficult conversations Video 2: Professor Nancy Chism, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Peer-to-peer feedback 8 mins Peer feedback: The blind leading the blind Coaching students to give peer feedback The logistics: Making up hard copies and using the virtual learning environment (VLE) Notemaking: Benefits of peerto-peer feedback Click to view (Steps): Incorporating peer feedback into your course Evaluating the effectiveness of your feedback 10 mins Chapter review 8 mins Closing Course summary 3 mins Helping them say it Getting feedback on your own practices Gathering feedback from students Example Assessment Experience Questionnaire (AEQ) The practices of good feedback and developing your skills A synopsis of suggestions on giving feedback Key points about good feedback Reflective question The importance of good feedback Next steps Classification: Sources of feedback Reflection: The principles of good feedback and developing your skills Click to view (Checklist): Key points about good feedback Checklist: Key points from the course Understanding the principles of course design Chapter Chapter 1: Contextualising the course Screen The importance of context Duration 5 mins Topics Establishing the context for your course Types/levels of context Activities Matching: Types/levels of context Video/Audio Video 1: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University What rules and regulations must you comply with in your institution? Video 2: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University Is there any content on your course which must comply with institutional objectives? Video 3: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University How much of the course do you have the freedom to change and how much is set? Video 4: Professor Jo Fox, Durham University How would you describe your student context? The institutional context 3 mins The course context 4 mins The student context 5 mins Policies and regulations Implications for your course Your course: Purpose, level and practicalities How does your course fit with the wider programme? Establishing the intended course learning outcomes What kind of camel will you be teaching? The dromedary: Designing for a homogenous group Notemaking: Institutional policies Click to view (Checklist): Factors to consider Book: Possible course and programme structures Click to view/Notemakin g: Worked examples of learning outcomes and lecturer expectations Click to view with audio: What kind of camel will you be teaching? Reflection: Designing for a heterogeneous Click to view with audio: What kind of camel will you be teaching? Your personal context 3 mins Chapter 2: Designing a course that promotes learning The Bactrian: Designing for a heterogeneous group Logistical and personal considerations Benefitting from others’ experience Chapter review 1 min Health warning: Radical ideas Introduction 1 min Seven principles for good practice 6 mins Making decisions about course design based on research literature Chickering & Gamson (1987) How do these principles apply to your course? Approaches to learning 4 mins Surface approach vs. deep approach What determines group Click to view (Checklist): Reflecting on your personal context Click to view (Insights): Personal considerations Sequencing: Your understanding of the four types of context Interactive graphic: Seven principles for good practice Tick or cross: Applying the seven principles to your course Click to view (Insights): Student approaches to High-impact activities 9 mins Chapter review 3 mins students’ approaches to learning? Factors beyond your control Factors within your control Your course design First-year seminars Writing-intensive courses Common intellectual experiences Collaborative assignments and projects Learning communities Service learning Undergraduate research Study abroad Internships Capstone courses and projects Comparison of the three bodies of research literature Four key questions Health warning: learning Classification: Surface approach vs. deep approach Notemaking: Common aspects of high-impact activities Classification: Activities to add to your course Classification: The three bodies of research literature Video: Professor Graham Gibbs, Oxford Learning Institute Which highimpact approaches do you use to encourage student engagement? How did you integrate these approaches into your course? What benefits have you seen from these activities? Chapter 3: Ensuring your course is aligned Bloom’s taxonomy 4 mins Identifying and writing learning outcomes 8 mins Case study: Aligning your course 10 mins Ensuring quality Why course alignment is important Bloom’s taxonomy Bloom’s taxonomy of the cognitive domain Anderson & Krathwohl’s (2001) revised taxonomy Misusing Bloom’s taxonomy Defining terms Levels of outcome Identifying outcomes Writing good learning outcomes Specifying the verb Specifying the context Specifying the standard Three steps for designing an aligned course Aligning your course Designing learning and assessment activities Click to view (Pyramid): Anderson & Krathwohl’s (2001) revised taxonomy Flashcards: Definitions of key terms Reflection: Examples of learning outcomes Sequencing: The process outline in the case study Click to view (Steps): Aligning your course Interactive graphic: Task- Video: Course alignment Professor John Cowan, Open University Who did you consult? How did you write the oriented question construction wheel Task-oriented question construction wheel based on Bloom’s taxonomy Chapter 4: Building your course Chapter review 1 min Structuring your course 5 mins Key points on alignment Choosing and organising content Common pitfalls Designing opportunities for feedback 2 mins Requirements of good feedback Designing a blended course 15 mins Using technology outside the classroom Blended activities Encouraging participation Blending in-class and online activities: Video case studies MCQ: Key points on alignment Click to view: Choosing content MCQ: Common pitfalls Classification: Ways to incorporate feedback Reflection: Using technology to enhance activities Notemaking: Technology enhanced vs. online activities learning objectives? How did you link your learning objectives with assessment? The process fo filling in the middle Video 1: Designing a blended course: Assessment approaches Dr Sandra Dunsmuir, University College London Course background How did you take a blended approach to assessment in the course? Video 2: Designing a blended distancelearning course Marion Waite, Oxford Brookes University How did you approach the task of designing the course? What was the student feedback on the course? What has worked well? Chapter 5: Evaluating your course Chapter review 2 mins Why evaluate? 3 mins Sources of information 3 mins Key points on building your course Reasons to evaluate Formative and summative evaluation Types of data A note on reliability Possible sources of data Acting on the MCQ: Building your course Slider: Types of data Interactive graphic: Triangulation of sources Closing Chapter review 2 mins results Evaluating your course Course summary 1 min Core content Reflection: Evaluating your course Next steps Developing your teaching Chapter Chapter 1: Developing your teaching identity Screen Why invest in teaching development? Duration 9 mins How does the development of teaching happen? 6 mins Topics McKeachie’s focus on your learning as a teacher Reasons for teaching development Areas for development The cycle of development in teaching Example of a switch to interactive lecturing Activities Click to view (Insights): Teachers’ experiences of potential development Notemaking: Key reasons for engaging in teaching development Rating: Areas for development Click to view (Steps): The cycle of development in teaching Click to view (Steps): Example of a switch to Video/Audio Video: Why is it important to invest in teaching development? Professor Bill McKeachie, University of Michigan What would you characterise as the key motivations to change as a teacher? How would you advise a teacher to focus on the development of their teaching skills? Exploring your thinking about teaching 8 mins Teaching styles and approaches 12 mins Balancing change and stability What supports your growth? Your thinking about teaching Challenging your assumptions Your thinking about human nature Style Approach Identifying your own style and approach interactive lecturing Rating: Teaching characteristics of former teachers and your learning preferences Matching: Assumptions behind every day teaching practices Click to view (Insights): Approaches to teaching Video 1: Teaching styles Dr Conor Carroll, University of Limerick Dr Suki Ekaraine, University of Bath How would you characterise your teaching style? Are there any practices you favour? What is your biggest weakness as a teacher and how do you compensate for it? Video 2: Teaching styles Dr Conor Carroll, University of Limerick Dr Suki Ekaraine, University of Bath What policies do you highlight for students on the first day of class? Do you think it is important to penalise late work? How do you handle class absences? Understanding student learning 10 mins Exploring individual differences in learning 6 mins Theories of learning: An introduction Promoting ‘deep’ approaches to learning Introducing ‘learning styles’ A variety of strategies for learning Click to view (Steps): The learning process Sequencing: The learning process in action Audio: Different student perspectives Describing your teaching environment and resources 7 mins Your environment and colleagues Case study: Beginning to put it all together 12 mins Video case study Starting to reflect on your teaching philosophy Reflection: Sources of support and resources Video 1: Jane reflects on her teaching philosophy Video 2: Jane meets Dr Sorsneeze Video 3: Jane reflects on her meeting Chapter 2: Getting and using feedback Chapter review: Starting to voice your identity 7 mins Guidelines for a philosophy of teaching Types and purposes of feedback 4 mins Introduction to feedback Ways of gathering feedback from multiple sources Formative and summative assessment/evalua tion Data types Formative vs. summative data Observing teaching Types of student Formative and summative feedback 10 mins Feedback from students 1 8 mins Flashcards: Developing your teaching identity and philosophy of teaching Flashcards: Data collection methods and uses Click to view (Table): Types of assessment Interactive graphic: Controlling the feedback Student ratings surveys Feedback from students 2 8 mins Feedback from colleagues 1: Whom should you consult? 6 mins Feedback from colleagues 2: How to consult them 7 mins Uses of student ratings Types of information elicited by ratings Getting the best colleague support What makes a helpful colleague? Developing your ideas Do senior colleagues give good feedback? Focusing the peerfeedback process: Content How to get the feedback learning environment Click to view (Checklist): Research findings about student ratings Reflection: Factors which affect student ratings Flashcards: Types of information elicited by ratings Click to view: Other methods for getting student feedback Tick or cross: What makes a helpful colleague? Click to view: Obtaining feedback Click to view (Checklist): Chapter 3: Strategies for development Model feedback session 6 mins Chapter review: Your feedback plan 5 mins Sources of information on your teaching Staff development centres 7 mins What teaching and learning centres (TLCs) provide Your teaching questions What if you don’t have access to a TLC? What is a teaching portfolio? Building up your portfolio Your commentary Teaching portfolios 5 mins Case study: Learning from model portfolios 20 mins Example plan for obtaining colleague feedback Focusing the peerfeedback process: Time Communicating with your colleague Case study: Peerfeedback session Case study: Kevin Lee Finding your own models Video: Example of a peer-feedback session Professor Nancy Chism and colleagues Reflection: Formulating a plan for collecting information Video: What your teaching and learning centre can do for you Book: Teaching portfolio Sequencing: Building up a teaching portfolio Reflection: Analysing model portfolios Chapter 4: Continuous teaching development Reading to enhance teaching 4 mins Networking 7 mins Chapter review: Development strategies plan Exploring student learning as a developmental activity Teaching networks How will you network in the future? Strategies for development 8 mins Reasons for investigating student learning Conducting investigations into teaching practice Reflecting on your teaching Scholarship of teaching and learning Skills required for scholarship of teaching and learning A multi-section 6 mins Case study: Teacher 4 mins Becoming a teacherscholar Analysing model portfolios Locating relevant resources 15 mins Click to view: Locating relevant resources Reflection: Networks and teaching development Classification: How will you network in the future? Tick or cross: Your strategies for development Reflection: Conducting investigations into teaching practice Classification: Skills required for scholarship of teaching and learning Reflection: Video: Case study: enquiry Maintaining vitality in teaching 8 mins dilemma: A case study in examining learning Benefits of research into teaching and learning Your context: Personal life and institutional environment Motivation to Responses to the case study Click to view (Checklist): Possible benefits of research into teaching and learning Click to view: Sources of support Classification: Your motivators Being a teacherscholar Dr Suki Ekaraine, University of Bath What prompted you to consider research on teaching and learning? How did you go about your investigation? How did it help student learning? Did you share results with colleagues? Are you planning any further related research? Has your work been accepted as evidence of scholarship? Expanding your teaching roles 7 mins change Stage of career Options for expanding your teaching role Planning for role changes Short- and long-term goals 20 mins Chapter review: Refining development plans 15 mins Short- and longterm goals Ongoing planning Reflecting on teaching development Closing Course summary 5 mins Key points on teaching development Next steps Classification: Different stages in your teaching career Notemaking: Options for expanding your teaching role Click to view (Insights): Examples of teachers expanding their roles Reflection: Expanding your role Rating and notemaking: Short- and longterm goals Click to view: Advice for Alice and Jennifer Rating: Your development plan Flashcards: Key points on teaching development Audio 1: Alice’s experience of teaching development Audio 2: Jennifer’s experience of teaching development Teaching with patients Chapter Chapter 1: Before teaching with patients Screen The importance of social learning Duration 3 mins What others learn from patients 10 mins Topics Social learning Preparing patients for student learning 3 mins Preparing learners 7 mins Settings for learning 4 mins Activities What makes learners different? How differences affect learning with patients How differences affect how you teach Research on learning with patients Building a relationship with your patients Coping with the unexpected The importance of good preparation Settings for teaching: Programmed vs. opportunistic Settings for teaching: Seminar vs. bedside Common settings Click to view: What makes learners different? Rating: You as a learner Click to view (Steps): Building a relationship with patients Sequencing: Making the patient experience comfortable Notemaking: Thoughts on the video scenarios Click to view (Table): Seminar vs. bedside teaching Interactive Video/Audio Video: Clip from the 1954 film ‘Doctor in the House’ Video 1: First encounters with patients Video 2: First encounters with patients – one hour later Video 1: Preparing learners and settings – Scenario 1 Video 2: Preparing learners and settings – Scenario 2 with patients for teaching with patients Clinical teaching in the curriculum 4 mins Thinking about best use of resource Encouraging active learning 15 mins Developing clinical reasoning 4 mins Chapter review: The fundamentals of teaching with patients 3 mins The SNAPPS framework The value – and challenge – of What do you need to understand about clinical reasoning in order to teach it? A schema for clinical reasoning The patient-tutorstudent triad Case study: An graphic: Common settings for teaching with patients Reflection: Potential of settings for teaching with patients Reflection: Endof-life care Click to view: Teaching with a dialysis patient Notemaking: A curriculum for teaching with a dialysis patient Video: Preceptor Flashcards: The orientation to SNAPPS: SNAPPS A learner-centred framework model for outpatient presentation cases Click to view (Steps): Understanding clinical reasoning Click to view (Insights): The patient-tutor- Chapter 2: Whilst teaching with patients Teaching in a logical sequence 2 mins Encouraging student independence 7 mins Opportunistic learning 4 mins Peer-facilitated learning with patients 1 Peer-facilitated learning with patients 2 2 mins 4 mins Extending your interprofessional teaching 4 mins example plan Sequencing your teaching The importance of creativity Student communication: The reality The one-minute preceptor technique Remembering the patient The value of peerfacilitated learning Supervising peerfacilitated learning Consent Helping students work with checklists Peer-to-peer feedback To extend or not to extend The value of interprofessional student triad Sequencing: Sequencing your teaching Video: Learning by mistakes Click to view (Steps): The oneminute preceptor technique True or false: The one-minute preceptor technique True or false: Attributes of a good checklist Notemaking: Reviewing peerfacilitated learning Notemaking: Working with other disciplines Matching: What learning Assessment for observation 10 mins Chapter 3: After teaching with patients Chapter review: Reflections on practice of teaching with patients Student debriefing and feedback 3 mins 5 mins What are the tools for workplacebased assessment? What is the value in workplacebased assessment? Which assessment tools are the most appropriate? Key points on teaching with patients Sources of feedback Characteristics of effective feedback Structuring your feedback Feedback from students and colleagues other disciplines can contribute to teaching with patients Classification: Interprofessional vs. uniprofessional Reflection: Which Video: Mini Clinical assessment tools Evaluation Exercise are the most appropriate? Reflection: Key points on teaching with patients Matching: Characteristics of effective feedback Click to view (Checklist): Tips on modelling how to receive feedback Video: Michigan State University Medical School – Feedback session between a clinician and a medical student Patient feedback 5 mins Making good use of patient feedback Quality improvement 4 mins Chapter 4: Developing further your teaching with patients Chapter review: Completing the cycle 3 mins Special patient situations 15 mins Monitoring and improving the quality of your practice Gathering feedback Quality assurance vs. quality improvement Responding to feedback The importance of feedback Introduction to special patient situations Click to view (Insights): Making good use of patient feedback True or false: Using patient feedback Notemaking: Monitoring and improving the quality of your practice Reflection: The importance of feedback Video 1: Teaching with special patients in practice: Paediatrics Dr Colin McDougal What’s different about teaching with children as patients? How do you prepare students for talking with child patients? Do families enter willingly into a teaching situation? What about consent issues? Who has to consent to teaching? Do you think most doctors can teach with children? Video 2: Teaching with special patients in practice: Psychiatry Dr Matthew Broome What are the key challenges when teaching with psychiatric patients to medical students? What are the advantages of teaching psychiatry to medical students? Do you think all medical students should be taught psychiatry? How do your students learn from teaching with delusional patients? How do you get permission from the patient to use them in your teaching practice? What are the challenges posed in terms of discussing objective reality? Video 3: Teaching with special patients in practice: Accident & Emergency Dr David Foroughi What challenges do medical students face when learning in the A&E environment? What do students learn from teaching with unconscious patients? How do you get permission from the patient to use them in your teaching practice? How do you make sure that respect is shown for patients who cannot speak or are unconscious? Video 4: Teaching with special patients in practice: An example of teaching with a patient with learning difficulties Professor Ed Peile Problems and how to avoid them 5 mins Closing Potential problems in teaching with patients Avoiding problems Chapter review: The rounded clinical teacher 4 mins Developing your teaching with patients Course summary 5 mins Your preparedness for teaching with patients Next steps Click to view (Scenarios): Potential problems in teaching with patients Reflection: How might you develop your own teaching with patients? Click to view (Checklist): Your preparedness for teaching with patients