Confederation Constitutional
Convention
Era
Early
Republic
Foreign
Policy
Grab Bag
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The first
government of
the United
States – 1776
to 1787
Articles of
Confederation
Why did the
Framers create a
weak national
government?
They feared
creating
another
tyranny
Plan to survey
and sell land in
Northwest
Territory
Land
Ordinance of
1785
Plan to organize
western
territories into
new states
Northwest
Ordinance of
1787
What were the
3 steps from
territory to
statehood?
1. Territorial
governor
2. 5,000 landowners
= assembly
3. 60,000 pop. =
apply for
statehood
Which branches
of government
were missing
from the Articles?
judicial and
executive
Name at least 2
successes of the
Confederation
government
• Won American
Revolution
• Treaty of Paris
• Managed Northwest
Territory
Name at least 3
weaknesses of
the Articles of
Confederation
1. No power to tax
2. No courts
3. No control over trade
4. Difficult to pass laws
5. States could make
own currency
What was Shays’
Rebellion?
1787 - MA
farmers
revolted over
high taxes
What did the
Framers
decide to do
after Shays’
Rebellion?
Meet to revise
the Articles of
Confederation –
fix weaknesses
When and
where was the
Constitutional
Convention?
1787 at
Philadelphia,
PA
Framer who:
• Kept daily notes
• Wrote Bill of
Rights
• Called “Father of
the Constitution”
James Madison
Plan with
bicameral
legislature
based on
population
Virginia Plan
What was the
Great
Compromise?
House of
Representatives –
population
Senate – 2 per state
Counted 60% of
slaves for taxes
and
representation
Three-Fifths
Compromise
Compromise
over how to
elect the
president
Electoral
College
Name 2
Federalists who
supported
Constitution
James “Mad Dog”
Madison
Alexander “The Ham”
Hamilton
John “Jam Jam” Jay
Name 2 AntiFederalist
points against
the
Constitution
1. President will
become a tyrant
2. States should keep
important powers
3. No bill of rights
Name 2 AntiFederalists who
opposed
Constitution as
written
Patrick “Stinky
Rat” Henry
George Mason
Mercy Otis Warren
Federalists
agreed to add
this to win VA
and NY support
Bill of Rights
What is a
precedent?
First action that
sets the
example for the
future
Group of
presidential
advisors
cabinet
Name 3
challenges
facing Early
Republic
•
Establishing strong
government
•
Creating courts
•
Building economy
•
National defense
•
Western lands
What advice
did Washington
give in his
Farewell
Address?
• Don’t form
political parties
• Stay out of debt
• Remain neutral
in foreign affairs
Party favored
agriculture, strict
Constitution, no
national bank,
France
DemocraticRepublicans
Party favored
industry, loose
Constitution,
national bank,
Britain
Federalists
What did the
Whiskey
Rebellion show
about President
Washington?
He was willing
to use federal
power to keep
order
Economy with
private ownership
of businesses that
compete for sales
free
enterprise
a.k.a.
market
economy
Power
established by
Marbury v.
Madison
Judicial review –
courts decide if
laws are
constitutional
Native
American chief
killed in the
War of 1812
Tecumseh
How did
Washington
react to the
French
Revolution?
He declared
that the U.S.
would stay
neutral
What was the
XYZ Affair?
French
ministers asked
for a bribe to
negotiate
peace
Kidnapping
American
sailors into
British navy
impressment
President
Jefferson’s ban
on U.S. foreign
trade
Embargo Act
of 1807
How did
Jefferson handle
Barbary pirate
attacks?
1. Sent U.S. navy to
protect shipping
2. Paid bribes to
pirates to stop
attacks
Name at least 2
causes of the
War of 1812
•
British refusing to
leave Northwest
•
British arming
Natives
•
Impressment of
U.S. sailors
Congressmen
who supported
war with Great
Britain
War Hawks
Name 3 effects
of the War of
1812 on the U.S.
1. U.S. industry
increased
2. Natives weakened
3. U.S. nationalism
4. Federalist Party
ended
Treaty with
Spain that gave
Florida to the
U.S.
Adams-Onis
Treaty of
1819
Declared no
more European
colonies on
American
continents
Monroe
Doctrine
Chief justice who
strengthened
federal power over
the states
John
Marshall
Federalist laws
to stop criticism
of Adams’
policies
Alien and
Sedition
Acts
Amendment
that
established
president-vice
president
ticket
th
12
Amendment
Leader of the
Federalist Party
Alexander
Hamilton
Leader of the
DemocraticRepublican Party
Thomas “TJ”
Jefferson
Compromise
located this city
in the South
Washington, DC
Latitude that set
border between
U.S. and Canada
49 degrees N
Agreement that
ended War of
1812
Treaty of Ghent
Agreement that
Britain would
leave Ohio
Valley
Jay’s Treaty
Jefferson and
Madison proposal
to nullify Alien
and Sedition Acts
Kentucky and
Virginia
Resolutions