Digestive System test
Review
Grade 8
1. Which of the following aids digestion by
producing bile?
• A. Liver
2. The fingerlike projections lining the small
intestine are called
• Villi
3. Which of the following is NOT part of the
digestive tract?
• pancreas
4. The soupy mixture of food, enzymes and
acids in the stomach is called
• chyme
5. The burning pain of indigestion is caused by
• Chyme being pushed back up the esophagus
6. Extra nutrients absorbed by the body are
stored in the
• liver
7. The lining of the small intestine is covered
with villi that
• Increase the surface area for nutrient absorption
8. Which of the following is NOT a true
statement about the pancreas?
• It processes and stores bile and cholesterol
9. The breaking, crushing and mashing of food
is called
• Mechanical digestion
10. Large molecules are broken down into
nutrients in
• Chemical digestion
11. Some nutrients are broken down into
smaller particles that the body can use by
• enzymes
12. Where does digestion begin?
• In the mouth
13. When you take a bite out of an apple, which kind of
teeth would you most likely be using
• incisors
14. Using your teeth to crush food is an
example of
• Mechanical digestion
15. Enzymes in the saliva begin the process of
• Chemical digestion
16. Once the food has been reduced to a soft mush, the
tongue pushes it into the throat, which leads to a long
straight tube called the
• esophagus
17. The muscular, baglike organ attached to the lower end
of the esophagus that continues the physical digestion of a
meal is called the
• stomach
18. What kind of digestion does your stomach
perform on your food?
• Chemical and mechanical digestion
19. If the food you eat contains bacteria, your
stomach will most likely
• destroy it during chemical digestion
20. Chyme is slowly released into the_____through a small
ring of muscle that works like a valve
• Small intestine
21. The advantage of releasing chime slowly from the
stomach is that it allows more time for the chime to mix
with fluids from the
• liver and pancreas
22. Nutrients are absorbed into the
bloodstream by means of the
• Nutrients absorbing cells, fingerlike extensions in the small intestine, villi
23. Which of the following is linked to the small intestine,
but does NOT move through it?
• Liver, gall bladder, pancreas
24. Which of the following is NOT a task
performed by the liver
• absorbing nutrients into the bloodstream
25. Bile is used to
• break down fat
26. When bile breaks up large fat droplets into
very small droplets, it uses________process.
• chemical
28. The organ of the digestive system that stores, compacts,
and then eliminates indigestible material from the body is the
• Large intestine
29. Which statement best describes the
function of the large intestine?
• Reabsorbs most of the water in the soupy mixture that enters it, changes
soupy mixture to solid mass, passes cellulose to rectum, instead of
bloodstream
30. Which of the following could cause
constipation?
• Dried contents of large intestine
31. Diarrhea occurs when bowel movements
become
• Frequent and watery
32. Chefs sometimes tenderize meats by either pounding the meat to a uniform
thickness or rolling a device containing spikes or blades across the meat,
partially cutting fibers. This method of tenderization is similar to________in
the body.
• Mechanical digestion
33. Have you ever had chicken and pineapple marinade? Cooks have
long used the natural enzyme bromelain found in pineapple which
contains acids that can break apart large proteins. This process of
tenderizing meat is similar to_______in the body.
• Chemical digestion
34. Starches are broken down into sugars by enzymes called amylases that are in
saliva. Fruits are mostly made of simple sugars and water. Which of the
following foods would be the easiest to digest?
• strawberries
35. Our bodies are made about 70 percent water. You would
probably feel less thirsty if you would
• Eat fruits and vegetables that contain a lot of water
Short Answer
• 1. Explain two reasons why the statement digestion begins in your mouth .
Short Answer
• 2. What is the function of saliva?
Short Answer
• 3. Cellulose, a type of fiber found in fruits and vegetables, aids digestion by
keeping some water in the contents of the large intestine. What could be the
consequence of NOT eating enough fruits and vegetables?
Short Essay
1. Explain completely what happens to food when it enters the body? Use
your academic vocabulary and the terms mechanical and chemical
digestion) Explain where it starts and each of the stops along the way
until it leaves your body.)
• Vocab terms to use: mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver,
pancreas, gall bladder, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
Short Essay
• 2. What are nutrients? What are the three major types of nutrients? How are
nutrients broken down?