Unit 5
• Topic: The Cold War (1945-1991)
• The United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist
Republics (USSR) emerged as the two strongest
powers in international affairs. Ideologically
opposed, they challenged one another in a series of
confrontations known as the Cold War. The costs of
this prolonged contest weakened the USSR so that it
collapsed due to internal upheavals as well as
American pressure. The Cold War had social and
political implications in the United States.
Chapter 3: The 2nd Red Scare and McCarthyism
• Content Statement: The Second Red Scare and
McCarthyism reflected Cold War fears in American
society.
• Expectations for Learning: Explain how the Second
Red Scare and McCarthyism reflected Cold War fears
in American society.
Section 1: Second Red Scare
• Content Elaboration: The actions of the Soviet Union
in Eastern Europe and the spread of communism in
Asia sparked fears among many Americans. A second
Red Scare focused attention on the media, labor
unions, universities and other organizations as targets
of communist subversion.
• Like the first Red Scare following World War I, civil
liberties were again challenged. The investigations
of the House Un-American Activities Committee
(HUAC) prompted emplyers to blacklist suspected
communists, including actors and writers.
2nd Red Scare
• A. The second red scare—fear of communism
•
1. Russians detonate atomic bomb (1949) and
China becomes Communist (1949)
•
2. Possible Communist spies in Canada
•
3. Truman:
•
a. millions of federal employees questioned
•
b. organizations investigated and 200 fired
•
4. Reputations destroyed
•
a. black lists (HUAC)
2nd Red Scare, cont.
• B. Protecting the United States
•
1. McCarran Internal Security Act
•
a. Communist groups had to register with AG
•
b. Truman vetoes
•
c. Congress overrides
•
2. McCarran-Walter Act
•
a. immigration quotas
•
b. favor N and E Europe
•
c. Truman vetoes
•
d. Congress overrides
•
3. Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
•
a. suspected in passing atomic secrets to SU
•
b. Executed--no proof
•
(Like Sacco and Vanzetti in the 1920’s)
Julius and Ethel Rosenberg
HUAC
• House Un-American Committee
• Read the link below:
• http://www.history.com/topics/coldwar/huac
OGT Multiple Choice
• The fear of communism in the United
States during the 1950’s was know as
the
• A. 2nd Red Scare
• B. 2nd Yellow Scare
• C. 2nd Green Scare
• D. 2nd Blue Scare
Section 2: McCarthyism
• Content Elaboration: Senator Joseph McCarthy
played on fears of subversion with his charges of
communists infiltrating the U.S. government. The
McCarthy hearings ond HUAC investigations held the
attention of the American people through the middle
1950s.
Joseph McCarthy
• A. Joseph McCarthy--R-Wisconsin
•
1. Accused many in US gov. of bei ng
Communist
•
2. BIG LIST--Feb. 1950
•
3. many feared him
Joseph McCarthy, cont.
• The fall of McCarthy (Picture on page 737)
•
A. McCarthy goes too far
•
1. takes books out of libraries
•
2. accuses Secretary of Army of espionage
•
3. accuses army officer of protecting coms.
•
B. Televison
•
1. hearings were televised--20 million
watched
•
2. McCarthy was rude
•
3. Looked like a bully
•
4. people began to dislike him
•
5. his influence declined
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
OGT Multiple Choice
• A Senator from Wisconsin who started
accusing many people of being Communist
and then put those names on a “Black List”
was
• A. Harry S Truman
• B. Julius Rosenberg
• C. Joseph McCarthy
• D. Alger Hiss
OGT Multiple Choice
•
•
•
•
•
(Practice Test Booklet 2005) McCarthyism during the early
1950’s was a result of American
A. reaction to the reforms of the New Deal
B. response to helping win World War II
C. fear of African-Americans gaining civil
rights
• D. fear of communism during the Cold War
OGT Multiple Choice
• Which of the following events helped cause
McCarthy’s fall from power?
• A. Eisenhower’s farewell address
• B. the Army-McCarthy hearings that were
televised to 20 million people
• C. Life magazines “Crisis In America” issue
• D. the Supreme Court decision in Brown vs.
Board of Education