Metric System
I will be able to measure and record data using
a variety of SI units.
Metric units are related to decimals by multiples
or divisions of ten.
What is the metric system?
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The first standardized system of measurement, based on the
decimal, was proposed in France about 1670.
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It was created to develop a universal system of measurement.
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It was called the "metric" system, based on the French word
for measure.
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As of 2005, only three countries, the United States, Liberia,
and Myanmar, have not changed over to the metric system.
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The official modern name of the metric system is the
International System of Units or abbreviated SI.
What are the metric measurements that
we are learning about?
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Meter
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Liter
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Length
Volume
Gram
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Weight or Mass
What is the order of the metric system?
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King Henry Died by Drinking Chocolate Milk
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King: Kilo 1000
Henry: Hecto 100
Died: Deca 10
By: Base (m, L, g)
Drinking: Deci .1
Chocolate: Centi .01
Milk: Milli .001
How to remember different lengths in
the metric system:
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When you think of a millimeter (mm) think
of:
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The thickness of a dime.
When you think of a centimeter (cm) think of:
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The width of your pinky.
How to remember different lengths in
the metric system:
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When you think of a meter (m) think of:
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The height of the doorknob.
When you think of a kilometer (km) think of:
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A little more than half of a mile
How to understand the ruler:
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One side has inches (duh!)
The other side is the metric side.
The big numbers represent centimeters
The smaller lines represent millimeters.
How many millimeters are in a centimeter?
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10
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With the group you will be put into, use a
meter stick to measure the items on your
chart.
Be sure to measure in meters, centimeters,
and millimeters.
English vs. Metric
Which is longer?
1. 1 mile or 1 kilometer
2. 1 yard or 1 meter
3. 1 inch or 1 centimeter
1 mile
1.6 kilometers
1 inch = 2.54 centimeters
1 yard = 0.9444 meters
Mass
a measure of the amount of matter in an object
• Kilogram – the basic unit of mass in the metric system
1 kg = 1000 grams
• Gram – one thousandth of a kilogram
1 g = 1/1000 kg = 0.001 kg
1000 g = 1 kg
• Milligram – one thousandth of a gram
1 mg = 1/1000 g = 0.001 g
1000 mg = 1 g
Mass vs. Weight
• An object has a universal mass, but may have different
weight depending on gravity.
• The mass of an object does not change.
• The weight of an object changes as a result of changes in
gravity.
• A pineapple on earth weighs more than on the moon
because the earth’s gravity is greater. But the pineapple’s
mass always remains the same wherever you go (unless you
get hungry and eat it!).
Weight
a measure of the attraction between two objects due to
gravity
•Gravity - a force of attraction between two masses.
•The strength of the gravitational force between two objects
depends on the masses of the objects and the distance
between them:
a) The greater the mass, the greater the gravitational
force.
b) The greater the distance between the two objects,
the weaker the gravitational force between them
•Newton (N) - the basic unit of weight in the metric system.
English vs. Metric Units
Which is larger?
1. 1 Pound or 100 Grams
2. 1 Kilogram or 1 Pound
3. 1 Ounce or 1000 Milligrams
1 pound = 453.6 gram
1 ounce of gold = 28,349.5 milligrams
1 kilogram = 2.2 pounds
Metric Units
1 Kilogram (km) = 1000 Grams (g)
1 Gram (g) = 1000 Milligrams (mg)
Which is larger?
A. 1 kilogram or 1500 grams
B. 1200 milligrams or 1 gram
C. 12 milligrams or 12 kilograms
D. 4 kilograms or 4500 grams
How to remember different masses in
the metric system:
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When you think of a gram (g) think of:
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A paper clip
When you think of a kilogram (kg) think of:
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A little more than 2 pounds.
Measuring Mass
We will be using
triple-beam
balances to find
the mass of
various objects.
The objects are
placed on the
scale and then
you move the
weights on the
beams until you
get the lines on
the right-side of
the scale to match
up.
Once you have balanced the scale, you add up the amounts on each beam to find
the total mass.
What would be the mass of the object measured in the picture?
_______ + ______ + _______ = ________ g
How to remember different volumes in
the metric system:
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When you think of a liter (L) think of:
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When you think of 5 milliliters (mL) think of:
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About the size of a bottle of water.
One teaspoon
When you think of 2 kiloliters (kL) think of:
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A hot tub
English vs. Metric Units
Which is larger?
A. 1 liter or 1 gallon
B. 1 liter or 1 quart
C. 1 milliliter or 1 fluid ounce
1 gallon = 3.79 liters
It would take approximately 3 ¾ 1-liter bottles to
equal a gallon
1 fl oz = 29.573 ml
1 12-oz can of soda
would equal
approximately 355 ml.
1 quart = 0.946 liters
Metric Units
Volume is the amount of space an object takes
up.
The base unit of volume in the metric system in
the liter and is represented by L or l.
Standard: 1 liter is equal to one cubic decimeter
Metric Units
1 liter (L) = 1000 milliliters (mL)
1 milliliter (mL) = 1 cm3 (or cc) = 1 gram*
Which is larger?
A. 1 liter or 1500 milliliters
B. 200 milliliters or 1.2 liters
C. 12 cm3 or 1.2 milliliters*
Measuring Volume
We will be using graduated cylinders to
find the volume of liquids and other objects.
Read the measurement based on the bottom of the
meniscus or curve. When using a real cylinder, make
sure you are eye-level with the level of the water.
What is the volume of water in the cylinder? _____mL
What causes the meniscus?
A concave meniscus occurs when the molecules of the liquid
attract those of the container. The glass attracts the water on
the sides.
Measuring Liquid Volume
What is the volume of water in each cylinder?
Pay attention to the scales for each cylinder.
Measuring Solid Volume
We can measure the volume of regular object
using the formula length x width x height.
9 cm
_____ X _____ X _____ = _____
8 cm
We can measure the volume of
irregular object using water displacement.
Amount of H2O with object = ______
About of H2O without object = ______
Difference = Volume = ______
http://resources.edb.gov.hk/~s1sci/R_S1Scienc
e/sp/en/syllabus/unit14/new/testingmain1.htm
10 cm
Measurement Conversions to Know:
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1 m = 100 cm
1 cm = 10 mm
1 m = 1,000 mm
1 km = 1,000 m
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1 g = 100 cg
1 cg = 10 mg
1 g = 1,000 mg
1 kg = 1,000 g
1 L = 100 cL
1 cL = 10 mL
1 L = 1,000 mL
1 kL = 1,000 mL