2012 - 13
Exploration and Colonization:
1. While Europe benefitted much from the
Columbian Exchange, what kinds of things
were introduced to America by Europe?
Disease, slavery, guns, fight over land
Exploration and Colonization:
2. What is the significance of 1607?
Jamestown was founded as the 1st
successful English settlement in America
Jamestown
Virginia
Exploration and Colonization:
3. What was the major reason the original
settlers of Plymouth Colony, Maryland, and
Pennsylvania came to America?
Religious freedom
Exploration and Colonization:
4. What was the main reason that
colonists settled in the Southern Colonies?
To make a profit
Exploration and Colonization:
5. If 98% of the settlers that came to
America were farmers, why did most
settlers in the New England Colonies and
many in the Middle colonies choose other
careers?
The growing season was too short and the
soil too rocky to grow cash crops
Exploration and Colonization:
6. What do we call the type of farming
where colonists grow just enough food to
feed their family?
Subsistence farming
Exploration and Colonization:
7. What was the significance of the
Mayflower Compact?
The first self government in America;
Democracy
Exploration and Colonization:
8. What was the significance of the
Virginia House of Burgesses?
The first representative government in
America; Republic
Exploration and Colonization:
9. What was the significance of the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
The first written Constitution in America;
Limited Government
Exploration and Colonization:
10. Why did representative government
grow in the Colonies?
England was too far away to govern;
Colonists were becoming more and more
independent
Exploration and Colonization:
11. William Penn, the founder of
Pennsylvania, belonged to which religious
group?
The Quakers
Exploration and Colonization:
12. The Quakers believed in religious
toleration, what does that mean?
All religions can live together in peace
Exploration and Colonization:
13. How did the Quakers feel about slavery
and women’s rights?
All men and women are created equal
Exploration and Colonization:
14. What do we call the section of the
triangular trade that carried slaves to
America?
The Middle Passage
Exploration and Colonization:
15. Describe the conditions of the voyage
across the Middle Passage.
Crowded, unsanitary, disease, death
Exploration and Colonization:
16. What is mercantilism?
An economic theory:
trade = money = power
Exploration and Colonization:
17. Was mercantilism designed to build up
the Colonies or the Mother Country?
Explain.
It built up the economy of the mother
country, it usually hurt the colonies’
economy
Causes of the Revolution:
18. Why were colonists angry about the
Proclamation of 1763?
It stopped
western expansion
Causes of the Revolution:
19. While English laws like the Navigation
Acts, the Sugar Act, the Stamp Act, and the
Townshend Acts were designed to help the
English economy, what did it do to the
Colonial economy?
It hurt the
colonies’ economy
Causes of the Revolution:
20. One of the biggest complaints of the
colonies was “taxation without
representation”. Although they were not
happy about the taxes, their bigger
concern was what?
Lack of Representation in
Parliament when all other
Englishmen had it
Causes of the Revolution:
21. What Colonial action helped push
England to repeal the Stamp Act of 1765
and became their best weapon against
British taxes?
American boycotts
Causes of the Revolution:
22. Who is best known for founding the
Sons of Liberty?
Samuel Adams
Causes of the Revolution:
23. How was the Boston Massacre used by
the Patriots as propaganda?
The Patriots exaggerated
the event in order to
gain more support
Causes of the Revolution:
24. What laws were passed by Parliament
to punish the colonies for the Boston Tea
Party?
The Coercive Acts
Causes of the Revolution:
25. What did the Americans call these
laws? (above)
The Intolerable Acts
Causes of the Revolution:
26. What battle is known as “the shot
heard ‘round the world” and why?
Lexington, because the world was curious
to see if the Americans could pull it off
Causes of the Revolution:
27. Who wrote Common Sense and what
did it set out to do?
Thomas Paine
The American Revolution:
28. Describe an American Patriot.
An American who wants to fight for
Independence from Britain
The American Revolution:
29. Describe an American Loyalist.
An American who wants to remain loyal to
England
England
The American Revolution:
30. What did Benjamin Franklin mean
when he said “United we stand… or
divided we fall”?
If the colonies don’t fight together, they
can’t win
The American Revolution:
31. Who wrote the Declaration of
Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
The American Revolution:
32. When was the Declaration of
Independence written?
1776
The American Revolution:
33. Identify the 4 major parts of the
Declaration of Independence.
1. Why we are revolting
2. Rights of individuals
3. Grievances with England
4. Declaration of Independence
The American Revolution:
34. Who inspired Jefferson to write the
following words in the Declaration of
Independence?
“. . . We hold these truths to be self-evident,
that all men are created equal,
that they are endowed by their Creator
with certain unalienable rights, that among these are
life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. . . . ”
John Lock
The American Revolution:
35. Why is the Battle of Saratoga known as
the “turning point of the war”?
1. 1st major Colonial victory.
2. Because of the victory, the French
decided to help us
Here
Come
the
French!
The American Revolution:
36. What was the significance of Valley
Forge in the winter of 1777–1778?
The Continental Army received much
needed training
The American Revolution:
37. Who helped fund the Continental Army
when they were running low on supplies?
Haym Saloman
The American Revolution:
38. Which battle was the final battle of the
American Revolution?
The Battle
of Yorktown
The American Revolution:
39. What is the name of the British General
who surrendered at Yorktown?
Gen. Cornwallis
The American Revolution:
40. What was the name of the Treaty that
ended the Revolutionary War?
The Treaty of Paris of 1783
The Articles of Confederation:
41. What was the name of the first U.S.
Constitution?
The Articles of Confederation
The Articles of Confederation:
42. Name five weaknesses of the Articles
of Confederation.
1. couldn’t tax
2. No leader
3. No army
4. No courts
5. 9/13 needed to pass a law
The Articles of Confederation:
43. Explain how a Confederation works.
A loose alliance between
states, but the states have
most of the power
Virginia
The Articles of Confederation:
44. Why did the creators of the Articles of
Confederation make the federal
government so weak?
The feared an abusive government like
Parliament and King George
The Articles of Confederation:
45. What was one thing that the articles
did that was successful?
The Northwest Ordinance
The Articles of Confederation:
46. What did the Northwest Ordinance do?
It created a pattern for territories to
become states
The Constitution:
47. Where and when was the
Constitutional Convention held?
Philadelphia; 1787
The Constitution:
48. Who is known as “the father of the
Constitution”?
James Madison
The Constitution:
49. Which English document was created
to limit the power of the king and to give
some rights to the people? (It was one of
the influences on the writers of the
Constitution.)
The Magna Carta
The
Magna
Carta
The Constitution:
50. What is a bi-cameral legislature?
A two house legislature; both have to
approve all bills before they become law
The House of
Representatives
The Senate
The Constitution:
51. How did the Great Compromise use a
bi-cameral legislature to resolve the
argument between the small populated
states and states with large populations?
• In the House of Representatives
representation is based on population
(big states like)
• In the Senate/2 reps per state
(small states like)
The Constitution:
52. Identify the 7 major principles that can
be found in the Constitution.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
limited government
popular sovereignty
republicanism
individual rights
separation of powers
checks and balances
federalism
The Constitution:
53. The words “We the People….” in the
Preamble reflect which principle?
Popular sovereignty
The Constitution:
54. What would be a good example of
republicanism?
People voting
The Constitution:
55. The Constitution tells the government
what it can and can not do. What principle
is reflected by the Constitution?
Limited Powers
The Government
The Constitution:
56. Explain federalism.
Sharing of powers between the states and
the federal government
The Constitution:
57. Give an example of separation of
powers.
Governmental Powers:
Executive Branch
Legislative Branch
Judicial Branch
The Constitution:
58. Give 2 examples of checks and
balances.
 President vetoes a law
 Supreme Court declares a law
unconstitutional
The Constitution:
59. The Bill of Rights is an example of
which principle?
The Bill of Rights
Individual rights
The Constitution:
60. Which provision was included in the
United States Constitution to allow it to
adapt to changing times?
A process for adding an amendment
The Constitution:
61. Why did George Mason refuse to sign
the Constitution the way it was drafted in
1787?
It didn’t have a bill of rights
The Constitution:
62. How many states were needed to ratify
the Constitution?
9 out of 13
The Constitution:
63. What was the name of the group that
pushed for a strong federal government
and passage of the new Constitution with
out a bill of rights?
The Federalists
POWER
The Constitution:
64. What was the name of the group that
feared a strong federal government and
insisted that a bill of rights be added to the
Constitution to protect the people against
possible government abuse?
The Anti-federalists
Virginia
STATE POWER
The Constitution:
65. Did the Constitution pass without a bill
of rights?
Yes, but 4 states didn’t ratify it
The Constitution:
66. What did they promise to add to the
Constitution in order to get the remaining
4 states to approve the Constitution?
A bill of rights
The Bill of Rights
The Constitution:
67. How many amendments are in the Bill
of Rights?
ten
The Constitution:
68. Identify the rights protected by the 1st
amendment. (rapps)
R - religion
A - assembly
P - petition
P – press
S - speech
The Constitution:
69. What right is protected by the 2nd
amendment?
The right to bear arms
The Constitution:
70. The 3rd amendment protects against
what?
No quartering of soldiers
No
Soldiers
The Constitution:
71. The 4th amendment protects against
what?
No unreasonable search or seizure
The Constitution:
72. Name 2 rights protected by the 5th
amendment.
 The right to an attorney
 The right to remain silent
The Constitution:
73. What right is protected by the 6th
amendment?
The right to a speedy, fair trial
The Constitution:
74. What right is protected by the 7th
amendment?
The right to a jury trial
The Constitution:
75. The 8th amendment protects against
what?
Cruel or unusual punishment
The Constitution:
76. What does the 9th amendment do?
Declares that people have other rights not
even mentioned in the Constitution
Other rights?
The Constitution:
77. What does the 10th amendment do?
Declares that any powers not assigned in
the Constitution are reserved to the states
POWER
The Constitution:
78. One reason for a census every ten
years is to determine a states
representation in the House of
Representatives. What happens if the
population of a state increases in a
census?
That state gets more representatives in
the House of Representatives
Washington’s Presidency:
79. Name 3 ways that Washington created
precedence for future presidents.
1. 2 presidential terms
2. presidential cabinets
3. no permanent alliances
4. with foreign countries
Washington’s Presidency:
80. In Washington’s Farewell address,
name 3 things he warned our country to
avoid. (no PDA)
1. no political parties
2. no debt
3. no permanent alliances
Washington’s Presidency:
81. What did President Monroe do to
extend Washington’s idea of not making
alliances with foreign countries?
The Monroe Doctrine – no more
colonization in the Americas
Washington’s Presidency:
82. Alexander Hamilton served as
Washington’s Secretary of Treasury. Why
were Jefferson and Madison opposed to
Hamilton’s financial plans for this country?
They feared it would only
benefit the rich and they
said much of it was
unconstitutional
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
83. What two political parties became
more prominent during the Election of
1796?
The Federalist Party and the Republican
Party
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
84. Who became the second president of
the United States and who was the vice
president?
2nd President
John Adams
Vice-President
Thomas Jefferson
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
85. What created problems between
Adams and Jefferson?
They were from different political parties
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
86. Who became the 3rd president after the
election of 1800?
Thomas Jefferson
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
87. Who did Adam’s appoint as Chief
Justice before Jefferson became the new
president?
Chief Justice
John Marshall
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
88. What was the significance of this new
appointment?
Federalist’s would maintain control of the
Judicial Branch for a long time
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
89. Who were the “Midnight Judges”?
A group of Federalist judges appointed in
the final hours of Adam’s Presidency
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
90. Who was appointed as a federal judge
by Adams, but never received the
appointment because Jefferson refused to
give it to him?
John Marbury
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
91. What was the name of the court case
where Marbury sued for his judgeship?
Marbury v. Madison
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
92. Although Marbury did not become a
federal judge, what power did Marshall say
the Supreme Court had over passed laws?
Judicial review –
the power to decide
if laws are constitutional
or not
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
93. What is the significance of 1803?
The Louisiana Purchase was made
between the U.S. and France
1803
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
94. What was the main reason that
Jefferson made the Louisiana Purchase?
Total control of shipping on the Mississippi
river
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
95. What was the name of the famous
expedition sent out to explore the land
acquired by the Louisiana Purchase?
Louis and Clark
Adams and Jefferson’s
Presidencies:
96. What was one thing Lewis and Clark
hoped to find during their expedition?
A water passage to
the Pacific Ocean
President James Madison
and the War of 1812:
97. Who was president during the War of
1812?
James Madison
President James Madison
and the War of 1812:
98. What message did the U.S.’s victory in
the War of 1812 send to other countries?
It showed that the U.S. could defend itself
President James Madison
and the War of 1812:
99. Why was it necessary for General
Andrew Jackson and his men to protect
New Orleans during the War 1812?
To protect the U.S. farmer’s ability to trade
using the Mississippi River
President James Madison
and the War of 1812:
100. How did the disruption in Atlantic
shipping prior to and during the War of
1812 significantly affect the U.S.
economy?
Americans became more dependent on
their own manufacturing and less
dependent on other countries
(the beginning of the Industrial
Revolution)
Buy American!