Chapter 1
by Kathleen Mastrian and Dee McGonigle
Nursing Science and
the Foundation of Knowledge
Objectives
• Define nursing science and its relationship to
various nursing roles and nursing informatics.
• Introduce the Foundation of Knowledge
Model © 2007 as the organizing conceptual
framework for the book.
• Explain the relationship between knowledge
acquisition, knowledge processing, knowledge
generation, knowledge dissemination and
wisdom.
Key Terms Defined
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Borrowed Theory
Building Blocks
Clinical Databases
Clinical Practice Guidelines
Conceptual Framework
Key Terms Defined
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Data
Data Mining
Evidence
Feedback
Foundation of Knowledge Model© 2007
Key Terms Defined
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Information
Knowledge
Knowledge Acquisition
Knowledge Dissemination
Knowledge Generation
Key Terms Defined
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Knowledge Processing
Knowledge Worker
Nursing Informatics
Nursing Science
Nursing Theory
Key Terms Defined
• Relational Database
• Transparent
• Wisdom
Nursing Science and Informatics
• What is nursing informatics?
• A building block of nursing informatics
Knowledge
• How we develop knowledge
– Experience environment
– Learn by acquiring, processing, generating and
disseminating knowledge
• Use of knowledge
• Managing knowledge
• The Foundation of Knowledge Model © 2007
Foundation of Knowledge Model
• The introduction of the Foundation of
Knowledge Model
• Organizing conceptual framework for text
• Helps to explain the ties between nursing
science and informatics and knowledge
• Informatics is viewed as a tool for founding
knowledge
ANA Definition of Nursing
• American Nurses’ Association definition of
nursing: “Nursing is the protection,
promotion, and optimization of health and
abilities, prevention of illness and injury,
alleviation of suffering through the diagnosis
and treatment of human response, and
advocacy in the care of individuals, families,
communities, and populations.” (ANA 2003).
Nursing
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The focus of nursing
What must a nurse possess?
Is nursing information intensive?
What is the basis of nursing practice science?
How is knowledge formed?
Nursing and Knowledge
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Nurses as knowledge workers
Nurses as knowledge acquirers
Nurses as knowledge users
Nurses as knowledge engineers
Nursing and Knowledge
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Nurses as knowledge managers
Nurses as knowledge developers
Is it important for knowledge to be viable?
What is knowledge viability?
Use of Knowledge
• Formal dissemination of knowledge
• The use of informatics and technology in
nursing
Use of Wisdom
• What is wisdom?
• How does wisdom direct our actions?
• How is wisdom used?
Beyond Clinical Nursing Practice
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How can nurse educators be effective?
What must nurse researchers do?
What affects the future of nursing?
How important is it to be “techno-savvy”?
Beyond Clinical Nursing
• The importance of informatics and technology
in nursing research
• Technology related priorities of National
Nursing Research Agenda (NNRA)
– Nursing Informatics: Enhancing Patient Care
– Technology Dependency across the Life-Span
• What will technology do for nursing?
Thought Provoking Question
Imagine you are in a social situation and
someone asks you, “ What does a nurse do?”
Think about how you will capture and convey
the richness that is nursing science in your
answer.
Thought Provoking Question
Choose a clinical scenario from your recent
experience and analyze it using the
Foundation of Knowledge Model.
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How did you acquire knowledge?
How did you process knowledge?
How you generate knowledge?
How did you disseminate knowledge?
How did you use feedback and what was the effect of
feedback on the foundation of your knowledge?