1920s—DECADE OF CONFLICT
IF YOU MISSED THIS CLASS, YOU NEED TO:
1) DO THE DQ2 FOR THE DAY. WRITE THE DAILY QUOTE AND
ANSWER THE QUESTION FOR THE DAY.
2) COPY THE NOTES (I GET MY COPY BACK).
3) DO THE BURMA SHAVE ACTIVITY
4) READ THE ARTICLE. DECIDE GUILTY OR NOT, CREATE A
LIST OF SUPPORT FOR YOUR DECISION.
2
2
Daily Quote &Question (DQ )
“I AM THE LAW IN
INDIANA”
-DAVID STEPHENSON
SONG FOR THE DAY: 1.
WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE
How did heroes change in the 1920? Who were
some of the most popular heroes of the day?
Daily Comment & Card
“I AM THE
LAW IN
INDIANA”
-DAVID
STEPHENSON
1920
SACCO AND
VANZETTI
-Two gunmen robbed a factory and
killed two men in Massachusetts
-Sacco and Vanzetti (Italian
immigrants and anarchists) were
tried for the murders.
-Despite years of protesting that
they had not received a fair trail,
the men were executed in 1927,
reflecting anti-immigrant
sentiments in the United States.
SONG FOR THE DAY: WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE
Daily Comment & Card
1921
EMERGENCY
QUOTA ACT
“I AM THE
LAW IN
INDIANA”
-DAVID
STEPHENSON
-One of a series of acts by Congress that
limited immigration
-Immigration was limited by nationality to
three percent of the number of foreignborn persons from that nation living in the
U.S. in 1910
-Designation restricted only certain
nationalities and religious groups.
-In effect, targeted Italians, Greeks, Poles,
and Eastern European Jews.
SONG FOR THE DAY:
(I come from the) LAND DOWN UNDER
Daily Comment & Card
1920
1921
SACCO AND
VANZETTI
EMERGENCY
QUOTA ACT
“I AM THE
LAW IN
INDIANA”
-DAVID
STEPHENSON
-Two gunmen robbed a factory and
-One of a series of acts by Congress that
killed two men in Massachusetts
limited immigration
-Sacco and Vanzetti (Italian
-Immigration was limited by nationality to
three percent of the number of foreignimmigrants and anarchists) were
born persons from that nation living in the
tried for the murders.
U.S. in 1910
-Despite years of protesting that
-Designation
restricted only certain
they had not received a fair trial,
nationalities and religious groups.
the men were executed in 1927,
-In effect, targeted Italians, Greeks, Poles,
reflecting anti-immigrant
and Eastern European Jews.
sentiments in the United States.
SONG FOR THE DAY: WAITING ON THE WORLD TO CHANGE
A DECADE OF CONFLICT
A. REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS
B. BUSINESS THRIVES/PEOPLE IN POVERTY
C. RURAL V. URBAN CONFLICT
THE 1920s WAS A TIME OF
REPUBLICAN PRESIDENTS…
1. HARDING
wanted a return to “NORMALCY”
WILLIAM H. TAFT (CHIEF JUSTICE)
SCANDAL!! (Harding dies before…)
ALBERT FALL(SEC
OF INTERIOR)
TEAPOT DOME SCANDAL
(oil reserves, bribes)
2. COOLIDGE (Harding’s VP)
-finishes Harding-then wins in 1924
 NICKNAMED “SILENT CAL”
 “THE BUSINESS OF AMERICA IS BUSINESS”
 SAID NO TO BONUS ARMY & VETOED BILL
TO HELP FARMERS
3. HOOVER
(Coolidge doesn’t run in 1928)
 SERVED UNDER WILSON, HARDING, COOLIDGE
 RAN AGAINST ALFRED SMITH
Seen as
“big city”
-IMMIGRANT FAMILY
-CATHOLIC
-AGAINST PROHIBITION
THE GREAT DEPRESSION HITS
DURING HIS PRESIDENCY…
DURING THIS TIME PERIOD, AMERICAN FOREIGN
POLICY IS ISOLATIONIST…AFTER ALL, THEY GOT
US INVOLVED IN THAT WAR.
WE INSTITUTE THE DAWES PLAN TO HELP GERMANY
MAKE REPARATIONS. WE LOAN GERMANY MONEY
TO MAKE PAYMENTS TO GB & FR; THEY USE THAT
MONEY TO REPAY DEBTS TO THE U.S…
THE KELLOGG-BRIAND PACT RENOUNCES AGGRESSIVE
USE OF FORCE
-UNLESS IT IS IN DEFENSE
-BUT NO ACTION AGAINST VIOLATORS
WHY IS BUSINESS DOING WELL?
1) PRODUCTION IS UP
(FORD ASSEMBLY LINE)
2) ENERGY TECHNOLOGY
(OIL, ELECTRIC MOTORS)
3) GOVERNMENT POLICY
(FAVORS BUSINESS)
THIS IS THE
ROARING 20s, THE
PARTY DECADE;
HOWEVER, 40% OF
FAMILIES LIVE
BELOW POVERTY
LEVEL AND MAKE
< $1,500 A YEAR!
THE MAIN CONFLICT IS A
RURAL V. URBAN;
TRADITIONAL V. MODERN
IDEOLOGY…
1. PROHIBITION
2. FUNDAMENTALISM
3. KLAN ACTIVITY
4. XENOPHOBIA
1. PROHIBITION
-ONCE IT TOOK EFFECT, GANG WARFARE
BEGINS. PEOPLE LIKE AL CAPONE TAKE
ADVANTAGE OF THE PUBLIC’S DESIRE FOR
THE ILLEGAL SUBSTANCE. IT PROVIDES
THEM AN INCOME…
-BOOTLEGGERS
-RUM RUNNERS
-SPEAKEASIES
-BATHTUB GIN
-MOONSHINE
-enforcement almost impossible.
-leads to rise of gang activity
Al Capone
St. Valentine’s Day Massacre (1929)
7 members of Moran gang killed
public sentiment against organized crime
-Elliot Ness and the “UNTOUCHABLES”
helped get indictments against Capone
PROHIBITION IS REPEALED WITH 21ST
AMENDMENT!
2. FUNDAMENTALISM
THE BEST EXAMPLE OF THIS CLASH IS
THE SCOPES MONKEY TRIAL
 SCOPES IS BIOLOGY TEACHER
 INTENTIONALLY BREAKS LAW AND
TEACHES EVOLUTION
 CLARENCE DARROW (Scope’s attorney)
VS. WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN
 STILL A SOURCE OF CONTROVERSY
 Scopes fined $100 (overturned)
In 1968, the Supreme Court
ruled that laws against teaching
evolution were illegal…
3. KLAN ACTIVITY
BECOMES A POLITICAL FORCE DURING
THIS TIME!
AGAINST CATHOLICS, JEWS, UNIONS,
SOCIALISTS, FOREIGNERS, COMMUNISTS…
POPULARITY IS HURT IN 1925 WHEN
GRAND DRAGON DAVID STEPHENSON IS
TRIED FOR THE DEATH OF A YOUNG
WOMAN. (INDIANA)
I AM THE
LAW IN
INDIANA
4. XENOPHOBIA
THE FEAR OF FOREIGNERS LEADS TO
NATIVISM…
AMERICA INSTITUTES QUOTAS FOR
IMMIGRATION RESTRICTION
EMERGENCY QUOTA ACT (1921)
IMMIGRATION ACT OF 1924
1921= 3% OF 1910
1924= 2% OF 1890
IMMIGRATION FROM ASIA STOPPED…
THE TRIAL OF SACCO & VANZETTI (1921)
AND THEIR EXECUTION IN 1927 IS USED
AS AN EXAMPLE!
In 1924 the American Indian Citizenship act
granted immediate U.S. citizenship to all
Native American Indians born in the United
States. Before this time, some were
citizens if they married a citizen or served
in the military or were given citizenship
through a special treaty.