Radiographic Physiology
Cardiovascular
Cardiovascular System
System
Arteries and Veins
Cardiovascular System
Construction of blood vessels
Construction of blood vessels
Major Arteries of the Body
Major Arteries of the Body
Ascending Aorta
Aortic Arch
Thoracic Aorta
Abdominal Aorta
Major Arteries of the Body
Aortic Arch branches
Major Arteries of the Body
Aortic Arch branches
Brachiocephalic artery
The brachiocephalic artery (or brachiocephalic trunk
or innominate artery) is an artery of the Mediastinum
It supplies blood to the right arm and the head and neck.
It is the first branch of the aortic arch, and soon after it emerges,
the brachiocephalic artery divides into the right common carotid
artery and the right Subclavian artery.
There is no brachiocephalic artery for the left side of the body.
The left common carotid, and the left Subclavian artery, come
directly off the aortic arch.
Major Arteries of the Body
Aortic Arch branches
Common carotid artery
Right common carotid artery arises from brachiocephalic artery
Left common carotid artery arises from arch of the aorta
 Divides at upper border of thyroid cartilage into
External carotid
Terminal branch of common carotid artery
Branches of the external carotid artery in
the neck are:
Superior thyroid artery
Ascending pharyngeal artery
Lingual artery
Facial artery
Occipital artery
Posterior auricular artery
Internal carotid
Terminal branch of common carotid
artery
Enters cranial cavity through carotid
canal in petrous part of temporal
bone
It has no branches in the neck
Major Arteries of the Body
Aortic Arch branches
Subclavian artery
A major artery of the upper thorax located below the clavicle
Supplies blood to the head and arms. It is
Branches of the Subclavian on both sides of the body are
 the vertebral artery,
 the internal thoracic artery,
 the thyrocervical trunk,
 the costocervical trunk
 the dorsal scapular artery.
 the axillary artery
Major Arteries of the Body
Arteries of the Head & Neck
Major Arteries of the Body
Circle of Willis
The circle of Willis comprises the
following arteries:
Anterior cerebral artery (left and right)
Anterior communicating artery
Internal carotid artery (left and right)
Posterior cerebral artery (left and right)
Posterior communicating artery (left and right)
Major Arteries of the Body COMMON CAROTID ARTERIES.
Rt. Internal
carotid
Right posterior
communicating
Lt.internal
carotid
Left posterior
communicating
Given off as a branch of the internal carotid artery
just before it divides into its terminal branches
Right
Anterior
cerebral
artery
Right
Middle
cerebral
artery
forms the
anterolateral portion
of the circle of Willis
Left
Anterior
cerebral
artery
does not contribute
to the circle
Left
Middle
cerebral
artery
Circle of Willis
Major Arteries of the Body The anterior communicating
artery connects the two anterior
cerebral arteries
The right and left posterior
cerebral arteries arise from the
basilar artery
The basilar artery is formed by the
left and right vertebral arteries.
The vertebral arteries arise from
the Subclavian arteries.
The basilar artery and middle cerebral
arteries, supply the brain, and not
considered part of the circle
Circle of Willis
CIRCLE OF WILLIS
Anterior cerebral artery
Anterior communicating
artery
Middle cerebral artery
Internal carotid artery
Posterior
communicating artery
Posterior cerebral artery
Basilar artery
Vertebral artery
Major Arteries of the Body -
Circle of Willis
Major Arteries of the Body
Subclavian
Axillary
Arteries of the
Arm & Shoulder
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
Major Arteries of the Body
Thoracic Aorta
Begins at the lower border of the fourth
thoracic vertebra
Ends in front of the lower border of the
twelfth thoracic vertebra, at the aortic
hiatus in the diaphragm.
Branches
 Bronchial arteries
 Esophageal arteries
 Posterior intercostal arteries
Major Arteries of the Body
Abdominal Aorta
Anterior/ midline branches of
the abdominal aorta are
 The celiac
Supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, stomach,
abdominal esophagus, spleen and the superior
half of both the duodenum
 The superior mesenteric artery
supplies the intestine from the lower part of
the duodenum through two-thirds of the
transverse colon, as well as the pancreas
 The inferior mesenteric artery
supplies the large intestine from the splenic
flexure to the upper part of the rectum,
Major Arteries of the Body
Abdominal Aorta
“Celiac artery”
Celiac
Major Arteries of the Body
Abdominal Aorta
Stomach blood supply
Hepatic Portal Circulation
•
•
•
The term “PORTAL” is used to refer to veins which carry
blood to organs other than the heart.
The liver is an unusual organ in that it has a double blood
supply; the right and left hepatic arteries carry
oxygenated blood to the liver, and the portal vein carries
venous blood from the GI tract to the liver.
Materials absorbed into the blood in the digestive system
are carried into veins which drains into a single hepatic
portal vein which leads to the liver. There , those
materials are processed before the blood continues on to
the heart.
Hepatic Portal Circulation Route
Aorta
Celiac Artery
Digestive Organs
Hepatic Portal Vein
Liver
Hepatic Veins
Inferior Vena Cava
Right Atrium
Major Arteries of the Body
Abdominal Aorta “The Common iliac Artery”
Located in the pelvis
Forms at terminus of the aorta
Bifurcates into
External iliac artery
supplies the lower limb
Internal iliac artery
supplies the walls and viscera of the pelvis,
the buttock, the reproductive organs, and
the medial compartment of the thigh
Major Arteries of the Body
Abdominal Aorta “The renal arteries”
Arise off the sides of the abdominal aorta, immediately below the
superior mesenteric artery, and supply the kidneys with blood.
Major Arteries of the Body
External Iliac
Arteries
of the Legs
Internal Iliac
Femoral
Popliteal (behind knee)
Anterior Tibial
Posterior Tibial (behind Tibia)
Major Veins of the Body
Major Veins of the Abdomen
Inferior Vena Cava
Renal
Common Iliac
Internal Iliac
External Iliac
Hepatic Veins
Renal
Inferior Vena Cava
Common Iliac
Internal Iliac
External Iliac
Major Veins of the Head & Neck
Major Veins of Arm & Shoulder
Brachial
Brachial
Radial
Ulnar
Major Veins of Arm & Shoulder
Subclavian
Axillary
Cephalic
Brachial
Basilic
Median Cubital
Cephalic
Basilic
Major Veins of the Legs
External Iliac
Great Saphenous
Femoral
Popliteal
Anterior Tibial
Posterior Tibial
Great Saphenous
Short Saphenous
Dorsal Venous Arch
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