*
By: Mrs. H. Thomas
*Narrative *Epic
*Ballad
*Lyric
*Didactic *Ode
*Elegy
*
*Non – Dramatic poem
which tells a story,
whether simple or
complex, long or short.
*
*Narrative poem
composed of
quatrains. (May use
refrains).
*
*A poem that teaches
a lesson.
*
*A sustained and
formal poem that
discusses the author’s
feelings on the death
of another.
*
*Long, narrative poem that
records the adventures of a
hero.
*Usually chronicle the origins of
a civilization and embody its
central values.
*
*Short poem with a
single speaker who
shares thoughts or
feelings.
*
*A long, stately poem in
stanzas of varied length,
meter, and form.
*Usually discusses an
exalted subject.
*
*Couplet
*Tercet
*Quatrain
*Sestet
*Octave
*Sonnet
*
*2 Lines of
Successive Rhyme
*Ex) I go to school every day.
Afterward, I go play.
*
*3 Line Stanza
*Ex) He had seen a lot of gloom.
He chose to stay in his room,
where he would never bloom.
*
*4 Line Stanza
* Ex) There once was a kid who stared at the clock
Waiting for school to be out.
And when it did he would shout
As he ran home around the block.
*
*6 Line Stanza
*Ex) The sun was shining on the sea,
Shining with all his might;
He did his very best to make
The billows smooth and bright—
And this was odd, because it was
The middle of the night.
*
*8 Line Stanza
O CAPTAIN! My Captain! Out fearful trip is done;
The ship has weather’d every rack, the prize we sought is won;
The port is near, the balls I hear, the people all exulting:
While follow eyes the steady keel, the vessel grim and daring:
But O heart! heart! Heart!
O the bleeding drops of red,
Where on the deck my Capatin lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
*
*14 Line Poem
*
*Structure *Refrain
*Diction
*Syntax
*Enjambme *Tone
nt
*Theme
*Stanza
*
*Arrangement of materials
within a work.
*
*The use of words in a literary work.
*Levels of Diction
*Formal or High – Proper, elevated, elaborate,
and often polysyllabic language.
*Neutral or Middle – Correct language
characterized by directness and simplicity
*Informal or Low - Relaxed, conversational, and
familiar language.
*
*A line having no end
punctuation but running to
the next line.
*Ex) We real cool.
Left school.
*
We
*Usually a repeated grouping of three or
more lines with the same meter and
rhyme scheme.
*
*Group of words forming a phrase or sentence
and consisting of one or more lines repeated
at intervals in a poem, usually at the end of a
stanza.
*
*Ordering of words into
patterns or sentences.
*Sometimes, poets change
the usual word order of a
sentence to change the
emphasis.
*
*Manner in which an
author expresses his or her
attitude.
*Created through the use
of adjectives.
*
*The main thought
expressed by a work.
*
*Rhyme
*Alliteration
*Assonance
*Consonance
*Onomatopoeia
*
*Repetition of identical
concluding syllables in
different words.
*Usually at the end of a
line.
*
*Repetition of identical
consonant sounds.
*Usually at the beginning
of words and in close
proximity.
*
*Assonance - Repetition of identical vowel
sounds in different words in close
proximity.
* Ex) deep green sea
*Consonance – Partial or total repetition of
consonants in words whose main vowels
differ.
* Ex) shadow and meadow; pressed and passed
*
*Blending of consonant
and vowel sounds
designed to imitate or
suggest the activity
being described.
*
*Rhyme
*Rhythm
*Meter
*Free verse
*Heroic
couplet
*
*Eye rhyme
*End stopped
*Blank verse
*Internal
rhyme
*Recurrence of stressed
and unstressed syllables.
*
*Repetition of a regular rhythmic
unit in a line of poetry.
*Emphasizes the musical quality of
the language and relates directly
to the subject matter of the
poem.
*
*Poetry which is not
written in a traditional
meter but is still
rhythmical.
*
*Two end-stopped iambic
pentameter lines rhymed aa, bb,
cc.
*The thought is usually completed
in two lines.
Example:
The man who watched the sheep,
Would not let them sleep.
*
*Rhyme that appears correct
from spelling, but does not
rhyme from the pronunciation.
Example:
match and watch
love and move
*
*Line ending in a full pause,
usually indicated with
proper punctuation.
Example:
Oh, I kept the first for another day!
*
*Unrhymed lines of
poetry.
*
*Rhyme that occurs within a line,
rather than at the end.
Example:
Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered weak and weary,
*
*Allusion
*Antithesis
*Metaphor
*Irony
*Similie
*Hyperbole
*Imagery
*Oxymoron
*Personificati
on
*Satire
*
*Reference in a work of
literature to something
outside the work,
especially to a well-known
historical or literary
event, person, or work.
*
*Figure of speech characterized by
strongly contrasting words, clauses,
sentences, or ideas.
Example:
The hungry judges soon the sentence sign,
And wretches hang that jury-men may dine.
*
*Comparing two things
without using ‘like,’
‘as,’ or ‘than.’
*
*Contrast between actual
meaning and the
suggestion of another
meaning.
*Sarcasm
*
*Comparing two things
using ‘like,’ ‘as,’ or
‘than.’
*
*Deliberate,
extravagant, and often
outrageous
exaggeration.
*
*Images of a literary
work created through
the sensory details in a
work.
*
*Form of paradox that
combines a pair of contrary
terms into a single
expression.
Example:
‘sad joy’
*
*Wording that gives inanimate
objects or abstract ideas
human characteristics.
Example:
The sun was smiling down on them.
*
*Writing that seeks to
arouse a reader’s
disapproval of an object
by ridicule.
*