Block 2 Study Guide Answers
1. Atom= Smallest particle of an element. Molecule= 2
or more atoms bonded together.
2. Properties tell us what could happen. Changes tell
us what is happening.
3. Physical Prop= physical characteristics. Chem.
prop= how could change chemically
4. Phys changes= change in appearance. Chem.
changes= change in substance.
5. Phys changes= yes
chem. changes= no
6. Solid, liquid, gas, plasma. Plasma=high energy,
solid= low energy
7. Reactant= what goes in. Product= what comes out
8. Add energy= speeds up. Take energy= slows down
9. Graph tells us heat energy always changes,
temperature stays the same during phase change.
Block 3 Study Guide Answers
1. Energy= Ability to do work or cause change.
Wave= Transfer of energy. Medium= material
wave travels through.
2. Amplitude and wavelength
3. See board
4. Transverse=light, Longitudinal= sound,
surface= ocean wave.
5. Reflection= bouncing off of wave when it strikes
a barrier. Refraction= bending of wave when
entering a new medium.
6. Light
7. See board
8. Conduction= pan touching a stove, convection=
water in the pan, radiation= sunlight.
Block 4 Study Guide Answers
1. Mass= amount of matter in an object. Weight=
measure of force of gravity on an object. Mass is
constant, weight is not.
2. Gravity= force that pulls all objects towards it’s
center. Towards the center.
3. Mass and distance. As mass increases, gravity
increases. As distance increases, gravity
decreases.
4. Potential energy= stored energy ready to be
used. Kinetic energy= energy of movement.
5. Mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical,
electromagnetic, and nuclear
6. See board.
Block 5 Study Guide Answers
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Force= A push or pull in a given direction. Machine= a device
that helps make work easier by changing the size or direction
(or both) of a force.
Inclined plane, wedge, screw, lever, wheel and axle, pulley, gear
Fulcrum= pivot point of a lever. 1st class= Input Fulcrum Output,
2nd class= Fulcrum Output Input, 3rd class= Fulcrum Input
Output.
See board.
Mechanical Advantage= number of times a machine multiples
the effort force. Effort arm /resistance arm.
A ramp. Length of incline / height of incline
Wedge= A moveable inclined plane, used for cutting. Screw= An
inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder.
A large cylinder connected to a small cylinder, that turn about
the same point. Radius of the wheel / radius of the axle
A grooved wheel with a rope, belt, chain wrapped around for
lifting. Count the number of sections of rope that support the
load
Block 6 Study Guide Answers
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Organism= a living thing. Species= a group of organisms
that are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Ecosystem= a community of organisms and their abiotic
environment. Environment= all biotic and abiotic around
an organism
Carrying capacity= how many organisms can an
environment hold. Competition= fighting for limited
resources.
Producer= makes food. Consumer= eats food.
Decomposer= eats dead and waste.
reactants= co2 and h2o. Products= o2 and glucose
Reactants= o2 and glucose and ATP. Products= co2 and h2o
Food chain= energy pathway through series of organisms.
Food web= many related food chains tied together
Predator eats the prey
Symbiosis=close longterm relationship between 2
different species. Mutualism, commensalism, parasitism.
“faces”
Block 1 Study Guide Answers
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Geology= Study of rock and minerals. Tells us Earth’s
history.
Mineral= a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that has a
crystal structure and a definite chemical composition.
Crystal= a solid in which the atoms are arranged in a
pattern that repeats
Rock= collection of minerals. Igneous= cooled molten
rock. Sedimentary= sedimentation. Metamorphic= heat
and pressure.
Intrusive= in the Earth, extrusive= on the surface.
Weather, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
Fault= break in the rock layers, fold= bend in the rock
layers.
Preserved record of dead organism. Turned to stone.
Oldest on the bottom layer. Youngest on top layer or
cutting through other layers.