First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Presentation
on
Strategy for Missile System Flight Test, Evaluation
and Demonstration Planning
By
Parveen Kumar
Directorate of Missiles, Defence Research Development Organisation,
Ministry of Defence, India
Tel: +91-11-23007630, 23007514
E Mail: kumarparveen_kaushik@rediffmail.com
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
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Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Outline of The Talk
Motivation
Introduction
Ground Tests and Evaluation
Pre Mission Activities
 Coordination
 Site selection for Sensors
 EOTS
 Radar
 Telemetry
 Timing, Telecommand, Communication
 Data Processing, CCTV, PP, Power System, MET
 Down Range
 Range Safety
Mission Activities
Post Mission Activities
Conclusion and future Scopes
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Motivation
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Flight Test and evaluation (T&E) and demonstration are integral
part of weapon system development process.
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T & E provides the means for determining to what extent the
weapon system satisfies its requirements, and whether or not it
should continue with production and induction into services.
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T&E gives input to the designer and developer, while demonstration
gives the scale of confidence to the user services about the weapon.
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Once missile system is introduced into services, T&E and
demonstration is performed in support of software and hardware
configuration control, evaluation of product improvements and
engineering change proposals.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Introduction
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Missile Test, Evaluation and Demonstration involves multi-facet
hazardous and high–risk activities. These must be accomplished in time
with utmost care to meet program schedules.
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Range operations require four major steps. These are Launch Vehicle
and its Systems preparation for trial, Range safety preparedness,
Integrated Range Instrumentation support Readiness and Logistic &
allied support services for safely launching of flight vehicle.
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Test and evaluation can be divided in two stages for Missile weapon
system, viz Ground tests and Flight tests.
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Ground tests consists Subsystem and System level developmental tests,
high in loop simulation (HILS) tests, Pre Integration Tests, Full
Integration checkout, Launch Pad checks and finally Range Integration
Checks.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Introduction Contd.
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Once the weapon system is ready for the flight test, a number of sensors
and Range instruments are deployed to evaluate the performance of the
weapon system during the flight test.
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During the flight test, various parameters like Video data,
Trajectory,
Range, Altitude, Health parameters like Velocity, Temperature,
Pressure, INS parameter, GPS parameter, Safety command
etc.
are
monitored and recorded for the real time decision and post
mission
analysis.
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This phase of the test is done through Radio Frequency connectivity and
Electro-optics application. Radar Stations, Telemetry (TM) Stations,
Electro Optical Tracking Stations (EOTS), Communications, Data
Processing, Video Cameras, Closed circuit television (CCTV), Flight
safety setup, Telecommand, Timing, are few of the critical instruments
and sensors deployed while conducting the flight tests.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Ground Test and Evaluation
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Subsystem and System developmental test
Analytical study
Laboratory/Field Test
Analytical simulation
High in loop simulation (HILS) Test
Pre integration Test at Range
Full integration checkout
Launch Pad checks
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Coordination
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A number of Reviews, meetings and Partnership counseling with
different Agencies/Ranges are jointly carried out for the mutual
understanding.
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Safety Hazards and Risk Assessment Measures on all phases of
flight vehicle preparations (Integration and checkout) are carried out
jointly by Range and Users.
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Vital documents like Countdown, range readiness review are
prepared.
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Critical and standard test procedures like instrumentation range
network, configuration validation, system interfaces to external
entity, bias estimation and correction, Helicopter/Aircraft sortie
for
range validation, Range integration checks (RIC), ElectroMagnetic
environmental effect test, time synchronization, hold
checks, trajectory
simulation and displays checks are critically
reviewed and
implemented for smooth operation of range and decision
making.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
MISSION ACTIVITY FLOW CHART
User
Project
Dte. of Missile, DRDO-HQ
Range Management
Receipt of FTP/Range Requisition Format
Debriefing of Mission Quick Look Data
Handing over data to the project
Mission Appraised to HQ
SAFETY ACTIVITY
Feasibility Study & Range Configuration Design
Safety Assessment and reviews
Dissemination of information to Div/Gp
Failure mode analysis and assessment
Joint Coord Meeting for total Mission Req.
Waiver board and post flight analysis recomendation
Range validation by Heptr/NRSA Sortie
Range Readiness Review
Range Integration Checks
Propulsion proof certification
Legal Compliances
Preparation of count down document
Search and Rescue (SAR)
Flight Readiness Review
Risk Assessment and its Management
Launch Authorization Board
Ground Safety Management
Mission count down
Flight Safety Management
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Site selection for Sensor deployment
Identification of site is very important step towards
planning for Test Range. This factor plays a very critical
role in Range budget calculation. Site should be chosen in
such a way that instrument deployed at the specified
location could cover the maximum possible range of
Missile flight and provide the desired data & information
to the designer. All instruments like Radar, EOTS,
Telemetry Station, and High speed Camera has to be
positioned accordingly.
Range Network
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Electro Optical Tracking System
Concept of line-of-sight tracking and Real-Time image processing, enables the system
to provide the precise trajectory information of the target right from take-off till the
imaging limit in Infrared Band (3-5micro/8-13micr).
Object detected by EOTS
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Electro Optical Tracking System
An automatic video tracker, which accepts video either from zoom TV camera or
IR imaging camera. It detects the object within a rectangular marked region
sometimes called as gate, locks-on and tracks the detected object. The system
tracks the object by the principles of real time image processing.
The tracker finds out the angular deviations (azimuth and elevation) from the
reference point of boresight (central sensor axis). These angular deviations termed
as error signal for the closed loop control . The closed loop control in order
corrects the pedestal movement in each video field/frame to maintain the object in
the center of the field of view (FOV).
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Radar Systems
Radar System
Radar system is capable to measure, Slant Range, Radial Velocity, Azimuth
& Elevation angles in real time. Range Radar aims at providing real time
location’s information for all sorts of flight trials.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Telemetry Systems
Telemetry plays a crucial role during any test launch campaign
Phase III: This phase includes Sensor checks, Telemetry Encoder, Transmitter & Ground
System Compatibility Checks.
Phase IV: This Phase covers Integrated System Health Checks, Range Integration Checks
Real Time Launch: During real time, telemetry accomplishes Tracking, Data acquisition,
Storage, De-commutation, Processing, Distribution and Display.
Pr= Pt + Gt + Gr  Lt
Pr= power received in dBm
Pt= power transmitted in dBm
Gr= gain of the receiver antenna in dB.
Gt= gain of the transmit antenna in dB.
Lt= space losses in dB.
Lt = 36.58 + 20 • log Dm + 20 • log f (dB
for statute miles)
Lt = space loss
Dm = distance in statute miles.
f = frequency in MHz.
Telemetry System
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Integrated Communication Network
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A number of sensors and systems are positioned in strategic locations for collecting
the various technical parameters for the flight vehicle.
Mission is controlled from the centralized location viz. control center.
A reliable communication network is essential to connect all the mission related
stations for conducting missions.
Timing & Telecommand System
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Central Timing System generates Real Time
and Count down Time.
Tracking instruments need real Time for
synchronization of their data in Time
Domain.
Telecommand Block diagram
Dual Change Data Processing System
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Objective of Range Central Computer is to evaluate the performance of the missile from
the tracking data acquired during the test from various tracking sensors.
Necessary computer designated mode (CDM) bearings are provided to specific sensor.
Real time display is provided to decision-making experts like Range Safety Officer
(RSO), Mission Director (MD), Range Director (RD) & Vehicle Director (VD).
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Visual Surveillance – CCTV and Photo – Processing Cameras
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) provides highly valuable video data of any
test vehicle to the users. It provides event monitoring from a far off place for
various events e.g. missile assembling and checkout for various sub-systems, its
movement to launch pad, umbilical disconnection, launch release mechanism,
lift-off and initial phase of the trajectory.
Power System, Meteorology (MET) Radar
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Meteorology Group supports various objects by providing Long Range
Weather Forecast for scheduling the mission, short range forecast for taking
up various mission activities, timely weather warning for taking safety
measures.
Emergency power supply to various ground stations and launch complexes
during real time Range operation is provided through Diesel Generating
sets having hot standby arrangements.
May 06, 2010
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Integration of Equipment at Downrange
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Radar, Telemetry, EOTS station has to be deployed at the down range to
monitor the flight vehicle during trail phase and impact phase.
Down Range station has to be integrated with the all other stations with
Integrated Communication Network.
Down Range Ship
Ship based Flight Test Evaluation
Range Safety
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Range clearance notification for air and sea routes falling under the danger zone
of missile trajectory contours is issued. This is an integrated, critical and a time
bound mandatory exercise.
NOTAM and NAVAREA are issued to block the air space and Sea routes during
the launch window.
Ground Safety team ensures an accident free environment in the Range
throughout entire duration of campaign period.
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Range Integration Checks
Once Test planning is done, all the instruments, sensors and experts are in place, then
Range integration check is done. A count down document is prepared and all the events
as per the document is exercised. This exercise consists the events of Missile launch and
the Test Range role. Each person and machine is geared up for the final test flight once
this test is successfully completed.
Mission Activities
• All Range System has to work in tandem as per the Mission countdown
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document prepared.
Performance of each System will matter in the final outcome of the
conclusion about the performance of the flight vehicle.
Post Mission Activities
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After the flight test is completed, post flight analysis has to be done to examine
the data collected from the various tracking stations and reaching at a proper
conclusion.
All the data related to the test and evaluation is handed over to the designer for
their further perusal and analysis, which helps the designer to incorporate
necessary modifications in the design.
First Israel Multinational BMD Conference
Directorate of Missiles, DRDO, India
Conclusion and Future scope
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To achieve excellence in customer service and reliability in Range
instrumentation Facilities, world standard test procedure, have been
implemented.
Encryption and decryption, High Bit rate Telemetry with long range tracking
capability, Radar with multi target and long range tracking capability, High
speed Video Cameras, Air Born Range, Ship based Range, State of the art
Helicopter for sorties, Dedicated Satellite Bandwidth are the state of the art
systems for flight Test Range.
Tracking and non tracking cameras should be set up around the Impact sites.
Minimum essential range instruments can be installed on the helicopter like
Telemetry, Radar, Recording, Communication sets, Timing etc.
Helicopter may be airborne and positioned near some point-course of the
missile’s expected trajectory or it may fly along the missile with a proper safety
distance margin.
When the Ground stations looses the target tracking due to line of sight
constraint or other constraint, Helicopter based instruments will keep on
tracking the missile.
May 06, 2010