1624-1760

Colonies Grow and Develop
Differently
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There were 13 colonies.
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They are along the Atlantic coast.
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They were divided into three groups
 New England
 Middle
 Southern

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A new group called the Puritans united with the Pilgrims and formed the colony of
Massachusetts
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Another Puritan colony was New
Hampshire

The Puritans
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Following the Pilgrims to Plymouth were thousands of Puritans .
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Puritans were a religious group who wanted to “ purify ” (reform and change) the practices of the English Church.
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The Puritans came to the New World, mostly Massachusetts, in what is called the Great Migration .

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John Winthrop was the first Puritan leader. He called
America, “ the City on the Hill ” and said that all Puritans should act
“ The New England
Way ” which meant duty to the colony,
Godliness, hard work, and honesty.

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The colony of Connecticut was founded by
Thomas Hooker. He believed that the
Puritan leaders where becoming to powerful in Massachusetts.

Hooker and his followers adopted the
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut which was a Constitution for the colony of
Connecticut. The first Constitution in
American History!

Rhode Island was found by Roger Williams
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Williams did not like the New England way, especially having to attend Church every day so started the first Baptist
Church in American and moved his followers to Rhode Island

Ann Hutchinson also went to Rhode Island because she believed you could worship god on your own, without a church.

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Most New Englanders were:
 Farmers
 Merchants (Traded goods)
 Fishermen

They used ships called schooners to catch cod fish
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They also were known for whaling and used the whales for oil

Boston was the largest city in the New
England colonies.

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The middle colonies unlike the other colonies had settlers from all different countries:
 England
 Germany
 Holland
 Sweden

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The Dutch (from the Netherlands) built a settlement called New Amsterdam. New
Amsterdam then became New York when it was attacked and taken by the English.
The English also took New Sweden from the Dutch and called it New Jersey .

The Middle Colony Of Pennsylvania
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William Penn a Quaker founded Pennsylvania.
They did not belong to the Church of England.
They were peace loving people that didn’t believe in WAR .
Pennsylvania Welcomed all faiths and people from all over Europe were allowed to settle there.
Penn also Founded the colony of Delaware


People lived on large farms far apart from each other.

The farms produced grains such as corn and wheat.
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The middle colonies were known as the
“ Breadbasket of America ” .
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Animal fur was common for trade.

The Southern Colonies

People lived on farms and large plantations that grew rice and tobacco.
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The big plantations were started along rivers on the Atlantic coast .
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African Slaves was used for labor on the plantations

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
Lord Baltimore founded the colony of Maryland .
Maryland was the first colony to pass a law granting religious freedom. It was called the Act of Toleration
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Georgia was not a colony of religious freedom.
Georgia was used as a refuge for prisoners.
The prisoners were poor people who could not afford to pay their debt.
Georgia then became a colony where people could work of their debt and gain a new start.


The Carolinas were discovered and divided in the North and
South because of the distance between settlements

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Virginia was the first colony,
Jamestown was its capital.
The House of Burgesses was started in 1619.
It was the first elected assembly that would lead the colony. It passed laws for Virginia.
Problems continued with the Indians. In 1622
Powhatan Indians attacked Jamestown and killed hundred of settlers because they had taken more of the Indians land.

Climate and Geography of each region
New England:
Short summers and long winters due to the northern location. New England was hilly with rocky soil that made farming tough
Middle Colonies:

Good harbors on the coasts, fertile soil,
Shorter winters and mild summers
The Southern Colonies:
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Warm and long growing season for crops.
The south was a coastal plain that was hilly and covered with forests.